The Effects of Swallowing Exercises in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

IF 2.2 3区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
Soroush Farsi, Nickolas Alsup, Deanne King, Ozlem E Tulunay-Ugur
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Abstract

Dysphagia, common among older adults, leads to significant morbidity and potential mortality. The role of preventative exercises in healthy, community-dwelling elderly people remains to be understood. In this systematic review, we aimed to understand whether preemptive exercise programs can improve swallowing in healthy older adults. Articles published from 1990 to 2023 were included and identified through searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases by a medical librarian using the keywords "presbyphagia" and" aging" and "dysphagia" and "management", as well as "therapy" and "treatment", "swallowing therapy", and the combinations of these keywords. Of 2269 abstracts initially screened, 15 full-text articles were included in this review, consisting of 454 patients. Of the 15 studies included, ten were randomized controlled, three non-randomized clinical trial, one a prospective cohort study, and one an interventional study. The reported age range of the participants was between 60 and 91 years-old. Sixty-two percent of the participants were elderly females. In terms of interventions, nine studies employed tongue strengthening exercises, five utilized swallowing resistance techniques, two involved pronunciation and karaoke practice, two focused on recline and head lift exercises, one utilized high-speed jaw opening exercises, and one employed electrical stimulation of swallowing muscles. Swallowing exercises strengthen targeted muscle groups in healthy older adults and can be utilized to prevent swallowing problems that occur with aging. Further longitudinal studies are needed to understand the benefits of preventative therapy models. Level of Evidence: Level 4.

吞咽运动对健康老年人的影响:一项系统综述。
吞咽困难在老年人中很常见,导致显著的发病率和潜在的死亡率。预防运动在健康的社区老年人中的作用仍有待了解。在这篇系统综述中,我们旨在了解先发制人的运动计划是否可以改善健康老年人的吞咽。医学图书管理员使用关键词“presbyphagia”和“aging”、“sphagia”和“management”、“therapy”和“treatment”、“吞咽疗法”以及这些关键词的组合,通过MEDLINE、EMBASE和Cochrane数据库检索1990年至2023年发表的文章。在最初筛选的2269篇摘要中,本综述纳入了15篇全文文章,包括454名患者。在纳入的15项研究中,10项为随机对照,3项为非随机临床试验,1项为前瞻性队列研究,1项为介入性研究。报告的参与者年龄范围在60到91岁之间。62%的参与者是老年女性。干预方面,9项研究采用舌头强化练习,5项研究采用吞咽阻力技术,2项研究涉及发音和卡拉ok练习,2项研究侧重于斜倚和抬头练习,1项研究采用高速张开下巴练习,1项研究采用吞咽肌肉电刺激。吞咽练习可以增强健康老年人的目标肌肉群,可以用来预防随年龄增长而出现的吞咽问题。需要进一步的纵向研究来了解预防治疗模式的益处。证据等级:四级。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Dysphagia
Dysphagia 医学-耳鼻喉科学
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
15.40%
发文量
149
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Dysphagia aims to serve as a voice for the benefit of the patient. The journal is devoted exclusively to swallowing and its disorders. The purpose of the journal is to provide a source of information to the flourishing dysphagia community. Over the past years, the field of dysphagia has grown rapidly, and the community of dysphagia researchers have galvanized with ambition to represent dysphagia patients. In addition to covering a myriad of disciplines in medicine and speech pathology, the following topics are also covered, but are not limited to: bio-engineering, deglutition, esophageal motility, immunology, and neuro-gastroenterology. The journal aims to foster a growing need for further dysphagia investigation, to disseminate knowledge through research, and to stimulate communication among interested professionals. The journal publishes original papers, technical and instrumental notes, letters to the editor, and review articles.
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