{"title":"Tryptamine Terminated Low-Dimensional Interfaces Enabled High Performance Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells.","authors":"Hao Liang, Wenjing Wang, Xianyuan Jiang, Xin Wen, Hang Yu, Ye Ding, Mingyu Ma, Wenzhuo Li, Gaoqi Liu, Haobo Wu, Zihao Zang, Wei Zhou, Yunlong Liu, Ruiqi Xu, Chenglong Ge, Weixuan Liu, Zhiyi Yao, Haitao Lang, Wenjia Zhou, Xunzhong Wang, Zhijun Ning","doi":"10.1002/adma.202523069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202523069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The construction of a high-quality interface with excellent surface passivation and carrier transport is critical to the device performance of solar cells. Low-dimensional perovskite structures are widely explored for surface passivation due to their effective suppression of interfacial defects and enhanced environmental stability. While terminal molecules for constructing low-dimensional structures provide excellent passivation, they can introduce potential barriers for charge transport if the energy levels are not well-aligned. Herein, a tryptamine molecule is explored as the terminal molecule for the construction of a low-dimensional structure for passivating the buried interface of perovskite solar cells. Based on the inclusion of nitrogen atoms in the aromatic heterocyclic structure, the terminal molecule shows an uplifted HOMO level that aligns well with the perovskite skeleton, giving rise to enhanced orbit coupling. Therefore, this low-dimensional structure enables excellent surface passivation and interfacial carrier transport simultaneously, generating an outstanding open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub>) up to 1.266 V and an efficiency of 23.53% for single-junction wide-bandgap (1.68 eV) perovskite solar cells. This improvement enables the fabrication of the perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell with an efficiency of 33.22% (32.88% assessed by a third party) and a V<sub>OC</sub> of 1.987 V. Moreover, the fast carrier transport at the interface suppressed the halide phase segregation, bringing much enhanced operation stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e23069"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Salt-Templated Crystallization Yields Oriented Interconnected Macroporous Polymer Gels for Ultrafast and High-Capacity Atmospheric Water Harvesting.","authors":"Jiayi Wu, Weiqing Yang, Yini Hu, Yafei Li, Peifu Bao, Jincui Gu, Junjie Wei, Wenqin Wang, Tao Chen","doi":"10.1002/adma.73291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH) is a promising strategy for freshwater production. While salt-based composites are widely employed as SAWH sorbents, they are often constrained by limited water yield from low sorption capacity and slow sorption/desorption kinetics due to diffusion barriers. Here, a new strategy is proposed to enhance moisture transport and storage space by fabricating oriented interconnected macroporous polymer gels via salt-templated crystallization-induced confined polymerization. Benefiting from this optimized interconnected hierarchical structure and the synergistic effect between PAMPS and LiCl, the salt-templated crystallization gel (STC/TiN-gel@LiCl) exhibits a record-breaking moisture uptake of 7.19 g g<sup>-</sup> <sup>1</sup>, ultrafast sorption kinetics of 1.96 g g<sup>-</sup> <sup>1</sup> h<sup>-</sup> <sup>1</sup>, and rapid desorption rate of 96.8% per hour under 1.0 sun illumination. After 20 cycles under high-humidity conditions (25°C, 90% RH), the gel retains over 90.4% of its initial water uptake capacity without leakage, confirming its long-term durability. Moreover, it delivers an outstanding water production rate of 3.29 kg kg<sup>-</sup> <sup>1</sup> day<sup>-</sup> <sup>1</sup> even under low-temperature and moderate humidity conditions (14.5°C, 55.6% RH). This work pioneers an oriented interconnected macroporous architecture engineering strategy to concurrently unlock rapid transport and high-capacity storage in hygroscopic gels, establishing a new paradigm for atmospheric water harvesting.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e73291"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ambient-Air Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells: Challenges and Strategies.","authors":"Hua Zhong, Fei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adma.73191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At present, the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has exceeded 27%, attracting increasing attention from both academia and industry. However, fabricating high-efficiency devices typically requires inert atmospheres, which inevitably increase manufacturing costs and hinder large-scale commercialization of perovskite solar cells. This review systematically summarizes recent progress in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells under ambient air conditions. The effects of ambient environmental factors on perovskite precursor solutions and perovskite films are discussed in detail. Special attention is devoted to systematically analyzing different strategies, including buried-interface, bulk, and top-surface treatments for perovskite films, and their impact on the performance of perovskite solar cells fabricated in ambient air. Finally, the current challenges associated with ambient-air fabrication are summarized, along with a feasibility analysis and a perspective on future development.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e73191"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenni Wu, Katharina Dammer, Robert Skunde, Mykhailo Sytnyk, Christian Göllner, Fei Ding, Juan S Rocha-Ortiz, Albert These, Balázs Imre, Yanxue Wang, Dorothea Wisser, Christoph Brabec, Ian Marius Peters
{"title":"Composition Restoration Enables Recycling of Mixed-Cation, Mixed-Halide Perovskites for Solar Cells.","authors":"Zhenni Wu, Katharina Dammer, Robert Skunde, Mykhailo Sytnyk, Christian Göllner, Fei Ding, Juan S Rocha-Ortiz, Albert These, Balázs Imre, Yanxue Wang, Dorothea Wisser, Christoph Brabec, Ian Marius Peters","doi":"10.1002/adma.73266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid industrial emergence of perovskite photovoltaics (PV) highlights their potential to complement silicon PV in meeting the growing global solar demand. As deployment scales, closed-loop recycling of perovskite PV will be beneficial to conserve critical resources and mitigate environmental risks associated with lead. However, mixed-cation, mixed-halide perovskites-typical in record-efficiency devices-undergo systematic composition drift during device fabrication. Consequently, material recovered from end-of-life modules inherits these deviations, degrading cell performance if reused without adjustment. To overcome this fundamental bottleneck in circular manufacturing, we developed a comprehensive quantification framework to audit and restore perovskite composition. By combining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and ion chromatography (IC), we obtained full compositional fingerprints of the hybrid perovskite recovered from processed solar-cell stacks, allowing us to resolve their altered composition and restore the material to match the original precursor formulation. Composition restoration effectively closed the performance gap, yielding recycled perovskite cells with efficiencies comparable to pristine devices. A cost analysis demonstrates this approach can achieve a 69.1% cost reduction, while preserving supply-constrained elements like Cs and I. These results demonstrate a practical, compositionally informed pathway for the sustainable, closed-loop manufacturing of complex perovskite absorbers.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e73266"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei-Hung Jung, Emie Humann, Joshua M Price, Yoav Binenbaum, Azra Haseki, Sanjana Iyer, David J Mooney
{"title":"Matrix Viscoelasticity Regulates Dendritic Cell Migration and Immune Priming.","authors":"Wei-Hung Jung, Emie Humann, Joshua M Price, Yoav Binenbaum, Azra Haseki, Sanjana Iyer, David J Mooney","doi":"10.1002/adma.202523274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202523274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tumor microenvironment shapes immune surveillance through its mechanical properties, yet the role of matrix viscoelasticity remains unclear. Here, we used a tunable collagen system that models human tissue viscoelasticity to define how matrix relaxation directs dendritic cell (DC) behavior. Slow-relaxing, elastic networks restrict actomyosin-driven remodeling, limiting DC motility and reducing DC-T cell encounters and activation. Blocking DC migration in fast-relaxing matrices recapitulated key aspects of the impaired T cell priming seen in elastic networks, identifying migration as a mechanical checkpoint for immune activation. Prolonged confinement in elastic matrices induced a mechanomemory state, locking DCs into a state of reduced motility and altered chromatin accessibility. Studies using patient-derived ependymoma samples confirmed these findings, establishing viscoelastic relaxation as a key physical regulator of immune priming. Together, this tunable viscoelastic platform provides a defined, human-relevant model to dissect and model mechanical control of immunity for therapeutic design.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e23274"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modulating Interfacial Water Structure via Catalyst Engineering to Enhance Electrocatalytic Activity and Selectivity.","authors":"Jiangyi Guo, Lu-Hua Zhang, Fengshou Yu","doi":"10.1002/adma.73270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Renewable electricity-driven electrocatalytic technology plays a crucial role in clean energy conversion and the realization of a net-zero carbon emission future. Previous research has predominantly focused on regulating the adsorption behavior of reaction intermediates via catalyst engineering to enhance electrocatalytic performance. Such studies have only been centered on the solid phase at the solid-liquid interface. However, the effect of catalyst structural engineering on the liquid phase is equally crucial and has long been insufficiently emphasized. Interfacial water with unique structural configurations and dynamic properties has been shown to regulate critical steps in electrocatalytic reaction. Therefore, we are motivated to write this review, in order to systematically overview the research progress and key challenges in this area. This review first introduces the fundamental properties for interfacial water, including structural types and molecular orientation. Subsequently, a series of advanced experimental characterization techniques and computational methods are provided to detect interfacial water, which is crucial for obtaining accurate structural information. More importantly, we highlight various modulation strategies of the precise catalyst structure engineering to optimize interfacial water dynamics and boost electrocatalytic performance. Finally, we discuss the challenges and emerging perspectives in this fast-developing field, providing valuable insights for guide future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e73270"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials (PEN): Evolution, Current Challenges, and Future Opportunities.","authors":"Ye Chen, Zhanxi Fan, Jingjie Ge, Qiyuan He, Zhuangchai Lai, Jiawei Liu, Chaoliang Tan, Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adma.73260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN) has emerged as a new research field by enabling precise control of crystallographic phases at the nanometer scale. The capability of stabilizing unconventional phases unlocks a vast library of physiochemical properties inaccessible to the conventional, thermodynamically stable crystals. This review provides a comprehensive framework to map the past, present, and future of PEN. We first briefly introduce the concept of PEN. Then, we summarize synthetic methodologies, including direct phase-controlled synthesis and phase transition. The discussion also underscores the pivotal role of advanced characterization, particularly the transition from ex situ to in situ and operando techniques, in probing dynamic phase behaviors under realistic conditions. We present key applications in (electro)catalysis, energy conversion and storage, functional devices, and biomedicine to illustrate the PEN's broad impact. Looking ahead, we identify key challenges and future directions, emphasizing robust phase stabilization, architecture control, and artificial intelligence-integrated phase design. The field is ultimately advancing toward the artificial atomically-assembled structures (AAASs), enabling the deterministic assembly of atoms with precisely controlled phase and architecture to achieve targeted functions and applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e73260"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Zhang, Jiaqi Zhang, Mei Cui, Wei Qi, Renliang Huang, Rongxin Su, Kai Zhang
{"title":"Multifunctional Bio-Based Packaging for Perishable Foods: Structural Design, Scalable Fabrication, and Versatile Applications.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Jiaqi Zhang, Mei Cui, Wei Qi, Renliang Huang, Rongxin Su, Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adma.202521880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202521880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food loss and food safety remain pressing global challenges, with roughly one-third of food lost or wasted annually and approximately 420 000 deaths attributed to foodborne diseases. Conventional preservation and detection methods-such as refrigeration and centralized laboratory testing-are effective but often are energy- and infrastructure-intensive, and provide delayed feedback. As a systems-level alternative, multifunctional bio-based packaging integrates two or more functions within and/or across preservation and quality monitoring, evolving from passive barriers into structure-informed platforms that couple material chemistry, hierarchical architecture, and transport regulation. This review summarizes advances from 2020-2025 across radiative cooling systems, modified atmosphere packaging, active platforms, intelligent sensing labels, and superhydrophobic surfaces. We synthesize design principles through a structure-transport-function lens and emphasize commodity-specific operating windows linking physiology to permeability/selectivity, release kinetics, and sensing reliability. To enable cross-study comparison, we define integration paradigms (superposition, coupling, and quantitatively validated synergy) and adopt standardized benchmarking based on the shelf life multiplier. Translation readiness is assessed via scalable manufacturing, migration and biosafety, ISO-aligned LCA, TEA, and consumer acceptance. Finally, we propose a food-matrix-informed framework for next-generation bio-based packaging that unites dynamic preservation and sensing with standardized validation and scalable green manufacturing, guiding rational development toward safer, more sustainable, and waste-minimized food systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e21880"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Advances in Electrospun Nanofibers for Triboelectric Nanogenerators: Performance Enhancement Strategies and Emerging Applications.","authors":"Md Fajla Rabbi, Jee Hwan Ahn, Duy Linh Vu, Kyoung Kwan Ahn","doi":"10.1002/adma.202522834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202522834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the quest for next-generation sustainable energy systems, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a pivotal technology for converting mechanical energy into electrical power, especially at the micro and nanoscale. Among various structural platforms, fibrous materials, particularly those produced via electrospinning, have demonstrated exceptional potential for TENG development due to their tunable morphology, lightweight nature, mechanical flexibility, and large surface-to-volume ratio. These characteristics are critical for enhancing the interfacial charge generation and transfer that underpin triboelectric performance. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the latest advances in fibrous materials for TENGs, with a particular focus on material innovations, structural design strategies, and performance optimization techniques. Emphasis is placed on the role of hybrid nanocomposites, core-shell configurations, surface functionalization, and alignment control in maximizing electrical output and operational durability. Additionally, the paper surveys emerging application areas such as wearable electronics, self-powered sensors, smart textiles, biomedical monitoring, and human-machine interaction systems. By bridging fundamental material science with practical design paradigms, this review identifies critical bottlenecks and lays out future research directions toward scalable, efficient, and environmentally friendly fibrous TENG technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e22834"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cluster-Free Intrinsic Assembly for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Light Emitting Diodes.","authors":"Shuo Ding, Chang Gu, Zhuoyuan Kong, Zhiwei Yao, Hao Chen, Ting Zhang, Chaoyu Xiang","doi":"10.1002/adma.73301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metal halide perovskites have emerged as transformative candidates for next-generation optoelectronic materials, yet their performance remains constrained by an inherently rapid and uncontrolled crystallization process driven by pre-aggregated clusters in precursors. While cluster-related challenges have been partially explored in perovskite photovoltaics, systematic investigations into their mechanisms and practical solutions for perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) remain scarce. Herein, we introduce a cluster-free intrinsic assembly strategy to fundamentally reshape the crystallization dynamics of perovskites. By exploiting the diuretic furosemide (FRSM) as an ionic binder, we achieve simultaneous coordination of all ionic components within the perovskite precursor, effectively suppressing cluster formation and redirecting crystallization toward a cluster-free intrinsic assembly pathway. The resulting perovskite films exhibit homogeneous high-quality perovskite nanocrystal structure, with exceptional optoelectronic properties and remarkable ambient stability. These advancements enable PeLEDs with a record external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 31.0% alongside unprecedented operational stability (equivalent T<sub>50</sub> >310 000 h at 100 cd m<sup>-2</sup>, T<sub>90</sub> > 1000 h at 1000 cd m<sup>-2</sup>), establishing new performance benchmarks for PeLEDs. Our work establishes a paradigm linking precursor-state engineering to film-quality determinism, demonstrating that eliminating conventional cluster-dominated aggregation pathways can revolutionize the assembly process and unlock the potentials of perovskite optoelectronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e73301"},"PeriodicalIF":26.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}