Earth-Science Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Slab length and slab tearing control asymmetric exhumation of the Calabrian Arc","authors":"Nicolas Villamizar-Escalante ,&nbsp;Christoph von Hagke ,&nbsp;Francesco Muto ,&nbsp;Luca Caracciolo ,&nbsp;Fabian Dremel ,&nbsp;Bjarne Friedrichs ,&nbsp;Jörg Robl ,&nbsp;Sean F. Gallen","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slab dynamics play a fundamental role in shaping landscapes through subduction, tearing, and rollback. The Calabrian Arc, situated along the convergent margin of the Eurasian and African plates, offers a natural laboratory to investigate the interplay between slab rollback, geometry, and tearing. Building upon prior studies that primarily focused on large-scale geophysical or tectonic data, our study synthesizes previously published low-temperature thermochronology datasets to reinterpret the long-term evolution of the Calabrian Arc using new thermal modeling. Our integrated analysis reveals a cessation of rapid exhumation earlier in the north (∼14 Ma) relative to the south (∼9 Ma). Differences in the timing of exhumation slowdown are interpreted to reflect the geodynamic effects of the diachronous arrival of the Ionian slab at the 660 km mantle transition zone, the extended northern slab reaching the transition zone earlier than the shorter slab segment in the south. A slab tear in the Catanzaro trough delimits the boundary between the longer and the shorter slab segments and provides further evidence supporting this model. This study provides an explanation for the asymmetrical exhumation of the Calabrian Arc, emphasizing the role of heterogeneous slab length and tearing dynamics in the shaping of tectonic patterns within subduction zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105255"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in multi-source data fusion for precipitation estimation: remote sensing and machine learning perspectives","authors":"Vahid Nourani ,&nbsp;Moein Tosan ,&nbsp;Jinhui Jeanne Huang ,&nbsp;Mekonnen Gebremichael ,&nbsp;Sameh A. Kantoush ,&nbsp;Mehdi Dastourani","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During an era defined by unparalleled climate variability and intensifying water security challenges, precise precipitation estimation plays a pivotal role in establishing resilient water management systems and effective disaster mitigation strategies. This study presents an in-depth review of recent advances in precipitation estimation using multi-source data, with an emphasis on integrating Remote Sensing (RS) techniques with advanced pattern recognition methods. Utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, we aggregate findings from peer-reviewed studies published since 2010 to evaluate the efficacy of satellite platforms—comprising geostationary, low-Earth orbit (LEO), and hyperspectral sensors—in acquiring precipitation data. Multi-source datasets such as the Climate Prediction Center Morphing Method (CMORPH), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM), and Fengyun-4B have been merged with state-of-the-art Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, ensemble approaches (i.e., techniques that combine predictions from multiple models to improve performance and robustness), and hybrid architectures (i.e., frameworks that integrate fundamentally different model types, such as machine learning algorithms with physics-based simulations), to effectively capture the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation. These challenges are mitigated by incorporating high-resolution predictors, wherein Digital Elevation Models (DEM) alleviate orographic biases, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) reflects land-surface interactions, and soil moisture supplies essential data for water balance calibration, thus rectifying spatial heterogeneity and sensor inaccuracies. These predictors are utilized in conjunction with sophisticated calibration methods grounded in Bayesian optimization and Transfer Learning (TL). Comparative assessments demonstrate that hybrid and ensemble models surpass traditional techniques, especially in hilly and data-scarce areas. The paper examines uncertainty reduction through enhanced pre-processing, multi-source integration, and novel downscaling-calibration frameworks, while emphasizing prospective future avenues such as physics-based neural networks and federated learning methodologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105253"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The trace-fossil record of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age","authors":"Luis A. Buatois ,&nbsp;Pablo J. Alonso-Muruaga ,&nbsp;M. Gabriela Mángano ,&nbsp;Mao Luo ,&nbsp;G.R. Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105252","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) lasted approximately 100 million years, starting in the Andean basins of western South America by the Famennian-earliest Tournaisian and culminating in eastern Australia by the Wuchiapingian. Based on a comprehensive dataset of the LPIA in Gondwana, we analyze how the trace-fossil record reveals temporal and spatial changes in high-latitude stressors reflecting the diachronous nature of the glaciation. Twelve trace-fossil associations, showing variable degrees of recurrence and named after one of their most characteristic ichnotaxon, were identified. These are the &lt;em&gt;Umfolozia, Diplopodichnus, Mermia, Gyrochorte, Psammichnites, Planolites, Rosselia, Phycosiphon, Diplocraterion, Rhizocorallium, Zoophycos,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Thalassinoides&lt;/em&gt; associations. Almost all these associations illustrate archetypal Seilacherian ichnofacies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Salinity is regarded as a first-order environmental control, and associations can be further grouped accordingly. Other controlling factors that are envisaged as having played significant roles were hydrodynamic energy, substrate, sedimentation rate, and oxygen. The &lt;em&gt;Umfolozia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Diplopodichnus&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Mermia&lt;/em&gt; associations are typical of freshwater settings, encompassing from proglacial lakes to fjord lakes and fjord heads. The &lt;em&gt;Planolites&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Gyrochorte, Psammichnites&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Rosselia&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Phycosiphon&lt;/em&gt; associations reflect either permanent brackish-water conditions or fluctuations of marine or near-marine normal salinities and events of freshening, representing a wide variety of marginal-marine environments, such as estuarine, fjord, delta front, and prodelta. The &lt;em&gt;Diplocraterion&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Rhizocorallium&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Zoophycos,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Thalassinoides&lt;/em&gt; associations are typical of normal-marine conditions, encompassing nearshore, offshore, and shelf environments, with the latter being characteristic of erosional exhumation of firmgrounds during transgressive ravinement.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The fact that most of these associations illustrate archetypal Seilacherian ichnofacies shows that the basic tenets of the ichnofacies paradigm can be applied to these high-latitude Gondwana basins. However, there are some peculiarities of Gondwanan trace-fossil associations that need to be framed within the context of the LPIA. The volume of freshwater release due deglaciation in the Andean basins in the late Serpukhovian to Bashkirian and in the Paraná and Karoo basins in the Gzhelian resulted in the displacement of the salinity barrier several tens of kilometers seaward within fjord systems. Freshening prevented the establishment of a marine benthos and allowed colonization by a freshwater biota, as indicated by the presence of the &lt;em&gt;Umfolozia&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Mermia&lt;/em&gt; associations. Marine ichnofaunas during during the LPIA show a very restricted distribution and very low levels of diversity, as shown by brackish-water suites identified in ","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105252"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tidal strait depositional model revised","authors":"Sergio G. Longhitano","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a revised depositional model for tidal straits, building upon a previous prototype published in 2013. That model introduced a subdivision of tidal straits into four main sectors: (A) a strait-center, (B) a dune-bedded zone, (C) strait-end zone, and (D) a strait-margin zone, indicating as each of these zones are identifiable based on their distinctive hydrodynamics, sedimentary structures, and grain-size distributions. The model also provided predictive sedimentological columns and a main stratigraphic framework useful for the identification of ancient strait-fill successions preserved in outcrop or subsurface. While it marked a significant advancement in the understanding of both modern and ancient tidal straits, its applicability was constrained by the limited number of case studies on which it was based.</div><div>The new model presented in this paper integrates insights from 29 modern and 22 ancient tidal straits to enhance the understanding of strait-scale sedimentary processes and their stratigraphic signatures. The revised framework reaffirms the presence of the four principal depositional zones but introduces some novel element, including: (i) the recognition of sedimentary facies also in Zone A, such as gravel ribbons, previously considered as a sole bypass environment; (ii) the presence of supercritical-flow structures as an early process precursor of current-dominated tidal sedimentation; (iii) an expanded variety of bedforms in Zone B, including tidal sand ridges; (iv) a new link between shallow-water tidal processes and deeper contouritic deposits in Zone C; and (v) the inclusion of delta deflection and sediment reworking along strait margins or Zone D. The updated model additionally offers improved stratigraphic criteria for recognizing ancient tidal straits in the rock record, integrated with specific types of ichnofacies, and emphasizes their relevance to paleogeographic reconstructions and subsurface resource exploration. Finally, the study identifies key areas within modern straits with potential for tidal and wave energy harvesting, highlighting the broader implications of tidal straits for sustainable energy strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105250"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron plays critical roles in nitrogen retention and removal in soils and sediments","authors":"Hang Jing ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Cheng ,&nbsp;Zucong Cai ,&nbsp;Scott X. Chang ,&nbsp;Christoph Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron (Fe) and nitrogen (N), prevalent elements in the pedosphere, exhibit distinctly different properties, while a variety of complex interactions exist between Fe and N across ecosystems. On the one hand, some interactions, such as adsorption and coprecipitation, facilitate N retention in the presence of poorly soluble Fe(III) oxides or Fe(III)-bearing clay minerals. On the other hand, Fe participates in N cycling through biochemical processes such as ammonium oxidation coupled with Fe(III) reduction, and nitrate-reducing Fe(II) oxidation. As such, the effects of Fe on N transformations are variable; Fe can promote shifts between “N-rich” and “N-lean” conditions in soils and sediments. Consequently, modifying the availability of Fe can control these transformations. This regulatory mechanism is influenced by factors such as soil pH, structure, substrate availability (Fe, N, and carbon), vegetation type, microbial community composition, and the presence of electron shuttles between N compounds and Fe(III) oxides. Each of these factors can resulting in multiple synergistic effects on Fe<img>N coupling, making the prediction of changes in the soil N pool challenging. This review aimed to evaluate the driving mechanisms, significance, and effects of various factors on Fe<img>N coupling, thereby providing a basis for understanding geochemical element cycling and informing human intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105251"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continental rifts and mantle convection","authors":"Laurent Jolivet ,&nbsp;Claudio Faccenna ,&nbsp;Thorsten Becker ,&nbsp;Anne Davaille ,&nbsp;Eric Lasseur ,&nbsp;Justine Briais ,&nbsp;Alexander Koptev ,&nbsp;Pietro Sternai ,&nbsp;Laetitia Le Pourhiet","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continental rifting is an important component of the Wilson cycle, and a process-level description requires integration of constraints from seismic tomography, seismic anisotropy, and non-isostatic topography in addition to geological observations. We discuss the evolution of the East African Rift (EAR) and the European Cenozoic Rift System (ECRIS) and define two end members. 1) <em>a-type rifts</em>, such as the EAR and ECRIS, form parallel to mantle flow above elongated, asthenospheric anomalies of low-seismic velocity, “fingers” (LVF) and stay at embryonic stage with slow extension mostly driven by gravitational potential energy. 2) <em>b-type rifts</em>, such as the Menderes and Corinth Rifts, form perpendicular to mantle flow and lead to oceanisation; the Gulf of Aden, Red Sea and Baikal are intermediate. We then propose a new model for the evolution of the short-lived ECRIS (∼44–33 Ma) in the magma-poor period of transition between the Pyrenean orogeny and Mediterranean back-arc extension. The propagation of a LVF toward the north emanating from the Canaries hotspot, all the way to the Massif Central and the upper and lower Rhine region formed the rift on top of a positive anomaly of non-isostatic topography. Fast slab retreat from the end of the Eocene modified asthenospheric mantle flow, initiating the recent Mediterranean subduction regime with back-arc basin opening and dispersal of the asthenospheric anomaly. From ∼8 Ma, slab retreat successively ceased in the central and western Mediterranean, giving way to compression and resumption of volcanism, possibly related to the reestablishment of a mantle LVF. We conclude speculating on the respective roles of <em>a-type</em> and <em>b-type rifts</em> for plate tectonics more general, including for the Mesozoic fragmentation of Pangea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105243"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating artifical intelligence and geophysical insights for earthquake forecasting: A cross-disciplinary review","authors":"Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Congcong Wen ,&nbsp;Chengxiang Zhan ,&nbsp;Didier Sornette","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Earthquake forecasting remains one of the most formidable scientific challenges, as current methods still fall short of delivering the reliability needed to yield clear and actionable societal benefits. Traditional models, primarily based on past seismicity and geomechanical data, struggle to capture the complexity of seismic patterns and often overlook valuable non-seismic precursors such as geophysical, geochemical, and atmospheric anomalies. The integration of such diverse data sources into forecasting models, combined with advancements in AI technologies, offers a promising path forward. AI methods, particularly deep learning, excel at processing complex, large-scale datasets, identifying subtle patterns, and handling multidimensional relationships, making them well-suited for overcoming the limitations of conventional approaches.</div><div>This review highlights the importance of combining AI with geophysical knowledge to create robust, physics-informed forecasting models. It explores current AI methods, input data types, loss functions, and practical considerations for model development, offering guidance to both geophysicists and AI researchers. Many AI-based studies on earthquake prediction tend to oversimplify the problem, often overlooking crucial aspects like data imbalance and spatio-temporal clustering. However, integrating specialized geophysical knowledge into AI models offers a promising path to overcome these limitations.</div><div>We emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, urging geophysicists to experiment with AI architectures thoughtfully and encouraging AI experts to deepen their understanding of seismology. By bridging these disciplines, we can develop more accurate, reliable, and societally impactful earthquake forecasting tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105232"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the behavior and fate of microplastics in coastal aquatic environments: A comprehensive review illuminating coastal dynamics and driving mechanisms","authors":"Xiaohan Yang ,&nbsp;Guohe Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Geng ,&nbsp;Linxiang Lyu ,&nbsp;Huifang Bi ,&nbsp;Chunjiang An","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coastal zone is a highly complex and dynamic interface connecting terrestrial, riverine, and marine ecosystems. Furthermore, the intricate interplay of physical, geochemical, biological, and hydrological processes in coastal aquatic environments adds to the complexity of the environmental behavior of microplastics (MPs). This review provides a comprehensive overview of the main features of coastal zones related to the behavior and fate of MPs at first. The recently reported MP fluxes from different watersheds to the coastal ocean are summarized, and the controversy in estimating riverine MP fluxes is discussed. It then summarizes the present knowledge of the environmental dynamics, eventual fate, interaction with other particles and organisms, and natural weathering of MPs in three types of highly distinctive coastal aquatic environments (coastal waters, estuarine waters, and coastal lagoons), along with their driving mechanisms. These findings are discussed by combining insights from the major coastal features related to hydrology, meteorology, topography, and geochemistry. The role of MP properties on the environmental behavior and fate of MPs is also addressed. Data-based analyses of changes in research trends, research types, and research perspectives were conducted to identify potential research gaps. Five existing knowledge gaps and future perspectives in terms of research subjects and research approaches are proposed to improve the evaluation of the coastal fate of MPs and develop potential mitigation strategies for MP pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105235"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources and enrichment mechanisms of lithium, rubidium, and cesium in waters of magmatic-hydrothermal systems","authors":"Mingliang Liu ,&nbsp;Yanlong Kong ,&nbsp;Qinghai Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geothermal waters of magmatic-hydrothermal systems are typically characterized by high concentrations of lithium (Li), rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs), offering significant potential for resource utilization. However, their sources and enrichment mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study systematically compiles 1299 water samples from magmatic-hydrothermal systems worldwide, along with 194 representative samples from non-magmatic hydrothermal systems for comparative analysis. By examining these magmatic-hydrothermal systems under various tectonic settings, the study aims to elucidate the genesis and enrichment mechanisms of Li, Rb, and Cs. The concentrations of Li, Rb, and Cs in geothermal waters discharged from magmatic-hydrothermal systems range from below detection limits to as high as 480 mg/L, 170 mg/L, and 49.7 mg/L, respectively. In most cases, water-rock interaction is the primary source of these elements. Nevertheless, geothermal waters with exceptionally high Li, Rb, and Cs concentrations, particularly those with Cs significantly enriched relative to Rb, are influenced by magmatic fluids exsolved during advanced magmatic differentiation. At divergent plate boundaries, thin crust and limited mantle magma evolution result in low Li, Rb, and Cs concentrations and low Cs/Rb ratios. In intraplate hotspots, advanced magmatic evolution produces moderate concentrations and Cs/Rb ratios. In contrast, at convergent plate boundaries, complex subduction and magmatic processes drive significant enrichment, yielding exceptionally high Cs/Rb ratios. The enrichment of Li, Rb, and Cs involves multiple geological processes, including pre-enrichment during subduction-related dehydration, partial melting, magmatic differentiation, and geothermal water cycling. This study provides the first comprehensive summary of the sources and enrichment mechanisms of Li, Rb, and Cs in magmatic-hydrothermal systems, offering theoretical insights for geothermal resource development, rare metal exploration, and the coupling of deep Earth dynamics with surface geological systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105241"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How benthic animals responded to the Paleozoic plant terrestrialization: Evidence from trace fossils and their ecosystem engineering reconstruction","authors":"Li-Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zongyan Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Li ,&nbsp;Haiyan Chai ,&nbsp;Ruoying Fan ,&nbsp;Jiashu Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Paleozoic plant terrestrialization (PPT) represents a significant evolutionary event in geological history, documenting the colonization of terrestrial environments by plants and animals as well as the establishment of terrestrial ecosystems. Trace fossils, as a reliable interaction proxy between organisms and environments, not only provide a comprehensive record of the activities of early terrestrial organisms, but also offer valuable insights into the reconstruction of terrestrial ecosystems during the mid-late Paleozoic. This study presents a novel, systematic compilation of trace fossils across fully marine, marginal-marine and alluvial facies from the mid-late Paleozoic in three major blocks of China, that is, North China, South China, and Tarim, which occupied different latitudes during that time. This comprehensive compilation encompasses 427 stratigraphic units, and a total of 101 ichnogenera and 54 architecture designs. The study also reassessed several ichnological parameters, including ichnodiversity, ichnodisparity, tiering, as proxies for assessing the pacing of benthic ecosystem reconstruction following the PPT. The evolutionary trend of ichnodiversity and ichnodisparity across different regions and sedimentary environments was revealed and compared. Notably, decoupling ichnodiversity and ichnodisparity show a step-wise increasing trend during the Silurian–Devonian transition, reaching maximum values in siliciclastic supratidal to intertidal, marginal-marine, and alluvial settings during the Lochkovian, Pragian, and Emsian, respectively. Interestingly, along with the PPT, benthic animals were able to colonize new niches in shallow- and deep-marine environments from the nearshore and offshore settings. Environmental factors such as the fluctuations of paleoclimate changes and enhancement of continental weathering caused by PPT had probably triggered the transformative changes in the marine-terrestrial environment. The migration of <em>Zoophycos</em> from shallow-marine environment to marginal-marine and deep-marine environments during the mid-late Paleozoic, nominated as the <em>Zoophycos</em> diversification event, is presented as a proxy of PPT. From a macroevolutionary perspective, a global increase in seawater nutrients is anticipated to drive biological adaptations in organisms, allowing trace makers that are more adapted to the low-oxygen environments to prosper. This study provides novel insights into the innovation of benthic animal behaviors and PPT during the Paleozoic era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105236"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}