Earth-Science Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Magmatic faults: Challenges, progress, and possibilities","authors":"Pablo H. Alasino ,&nbsp;Katie E. Ardill ,&nbsp;Scott R. Paterson","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is increasingly recognized that plutons are rich in magmatic structures that provide powerful tools for unraveling hypersolidus histories. However, one group of structures, magmatic faults recognized almost a century ago, has not been systematically examined thus far and is the focus of this review.</div><div>Magmatic fault styles resemble those in solid materials, encompassing a wide range of orientations, kinematics, and mechanical attributes. But unlike their sedimentary and metamorphic counterparts, studies of magmatic faults face several challenges, leading to their underrepresentation in plutonic histories. Key parameters needed to study magmatic faults include the fault orientation and timing relative to the magmatic fabric(s) in the host, the offset and kinematic styles of faulting, and the recognition of uniquely magmatic structures within the fault such as shear folding, melt migration, and deflection of magmatic fabrics to determine deformation style. The preservation of early faulting under melt-rich conditions is relatively rare and is instead biased towards conditions of higher crystallinity; even these latter faults can be hard to see unless compositional defined markers are offset across the faults.</div><div>Our synthesis to date suggests that magmatic faults are probably much more widespread than presently recognized and that the displacement of crystal mushes along these internal faults may be an effective, though commonly cryptic, mechanism for strain accommodation in magmatic columns. Heterogeneous strain in mushes can result in highly varied fault styles; however, the characteristics of different ‘fault packages’ in plutons may provide a means of evaluating causes of faulting in plutons (e.g., roof and sidewall magma crystallization, recharge and defrosting, thermal convection, emplacement, magmatic differentiation, tectonics). Studies of magmatic fault packages are in their infancy and future research should incorporate systematic, pluton-wide approaches designed to establish reliable criteria for determining the driving force(s).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 104992"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rainfall as a driver of post-wildfire flooding and debris flows: A review and synthesis","authors":"Natalie M. Collar ,&nbsp;John A. Moody ,&nbsp;Brian A. Ebel","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing threat of post-wildfire hazards creates an imperative for improved post-wildfire flooding and debris flow prediction capabilities. Because rainfall is a primary driver of predictive hydrology and debris flow initiation and inundation models, recent efforts have emphasized the need for interdisciplinary collaboration between meteorology and post-wildfire hazard science that develops more accurate rainfall estimates with longer lead times. In this work, we identified critical knowledge gaps for developing rainfall estimates and filled those gaps by reviewing recent literature and synthesizing pre-existing datasets. Gap areas were organized into the following general topics: a) rainfall intensity-duration-frequency relations, b) time-varying rainfall, c) spatially varying rainfall, and d) rainfall regimes.</div><div>Recent key research advances include the increasing availability of gridded quantitative rainfall estimates, the expanded use of distributed hydrologic and erosion models that incorporate spatial and temporal variability in rainfall, and the linking of concepts and modeling from the atmospheric and climate sciences with post-wildfire hazard science. We prototype a rainfall regime regionalization schema that captures self-similar properties of rainfall intensity (<em>k,</em> the maximum rainfall intensity) and temporal scaling (<em>n,</em> the decay rate). Our <em>k</em>-<em>n</em> relations schema could serve as a framework for organizing, interpreting, and predicting post-wildfire hydrologic and erosional responses. Finally, we summarize salient gaps for implementing spatiotemporally varying rainfall as the driver of post-wildfire hydrologic models designed to improve the prediction of flooding and debris flow hazards to the built environment for emergency managers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 104990"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Yanshanian Movement in Western Liaoning, northeastern North China Craton","authors":"Zhiwei Song ,&nbsp;Chenyue Liang ,&nbsp;Franz Neubauer ,&nbsp;Yongjiang Liu ,&nbsp;Changqing Zheng ,&nbsp;Bo Lin ,&nbsp;Xuechun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Yanshanian Movement (or Yanshanian Orogeny) has been a topic of study for nearly a century, with ongoing interests. This study reviews its origin, tectonic subdivision, development and dynamic mechanisms, and associated magmatic-tectonic activity in Western Liaoning, northeastern North China Craton (NCC). By analyzing rock assemblages, petrogenesis, and magma sources of Mesozoic volcanic rocks, and combining with available data on deformation, basin formations, mineralization, and evolution of biota, we propose a new dynamic mechanism of the Yanshanian Movement in Western Liaoning, particularly during its initial stage and pulsation pattern. The initial stage (Early to Middle Jurassic, 190–165 Ma) is defined by abundant magmatism, mineralization and compressional structures, likely associated with the multi-plate (Mongol-Okhotsk, Paleo-Pacific, and Meso-Tethys) convergence around the East Asian continent. The pulsation pattern is characterized by alternating tectonic settings in the northeastern NCC during the Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, featuring stages of both compression and extension. The first N(W)–S(E) compression stage (165–160 Ma) is marked by an unconformity above the Jiulongshan/Haifanggou Formation and associated (N)E–(S)W fold-and-thrust structures, influenced by WNW-directed subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate (PPP) and the far-field effect of the N–S closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean (MOO). The subsequent first extension stage (160–145 Ma) is small-scale and local, dominated by NE–SW and NW–SE structural trends, with NE–SW extension indicated by magnetic lineations of granitic plutons and top-to-the-NE ductile shear zones in the northern NCC, likely correlating with short-term stress relaxation from the MOO regime. This NW–SE extension is confirmed by the Late Jurassic basin-and-range-type tectonics in the northeastern NCC, possibly linked to the localized high-angle subduction and rollback of the PPP. The second N(W)–S(E) compression stage (145–135 Ma) corresponds to the Yanshanian B-episode, illustrated by the <em>syn</em>-tectonic deposition and the unconformity from Upper Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous. The NE–SW-trending compressional structures were controlled by rapid low-angle NNW-directed subduction of the PPP, alongside with subordinate E–W-trending structures associated with the final N–S closure of the MOO. The following second NW–SE extension in the late Early Cretaceous (135–100 Ma) is recorded by metamorphic core complexes, extensional domes and rift basins, and large-scale magmatic-tectonic activity, driven by asthenospheric material upwelling, lithospheric delamination, and thinning of the NCC lithosphere due to the rapid retreat and rollback of the PPP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 104989"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metallogeny of Late Paleozoic lode gold mineralization of western Tien Shan: From orogenic shortening to intracontinental strike-slip shearing","authors":"Xiaobo Zhao ,&nbsp;Chunji Xue ,&nbsp;Reimar Seltmann ,&nbsp;Weice Zhao ,&nbsp;Guoxiong Ma ,&nbsp;Bakhtiar Nurtaev ,&nbsp;Rustam Mirkamalov ,&nbsp;Nikolay Pak","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104983","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Extending eastward from the Kyzylkum desert of Uzbekistan, through Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and continuing into western China, the late Paleozoic Tien Shan orogen in the southwestern Central Asia Orogenic Belt (CAOB) hosts one of the world's richest gold provinces. The &gt;10,000-metric ton (t) gold endowment of the Tien Shan province occurs within lode gold deposits, which have been variably classified as Kyzylkum-type, mesothermal, orogenic or intrusion-related. The metallogeny of the Late Paleozoic lode gold mineralization in the Tien Shan province comprises two distinct episodes related to the accretionary evolution of the western CAOB. The initial 325 to 305 Ma mineralizing episode is interpreted to be related to regional orogenic shortening and associated contractional deformation during terminal subduction of the Turkestan Ocean. This episode resulted in the formation of sheeted auriferous veins, veinlets and stockworks that are controlled by thrust-related brittle fault systems and associated fracture networks (e.g., Unkurtash and Katebasu). The subsequent 290 to 280 Ma metallogenic episode is the most regionally extensive. It produced some of the world's largest gold accumulations (e.g., Muruntau, Kumtor, Zarmitan etc.) that account at present for more than 97 % of the bulk gold resources of the province. This episode is interpreted to be the product of widespread intracontinental strike-slip shearing that immediately followed the amalgamation between the Tarim–Karakum cratons and the Kazakhstan–Yili–Central Tianshan terranes. Mineralization of this latter episode is generally controlled by ductile shearing with predominantly shear-hosted and fracture-filled gold-bearing veins. Lode gold deposits of the Tien Shan show some unique characteristics compared to typical orogenic or intrusion-related gold deposits. The gold lodes are hosted by Proterozoic–Paleozoic metamorphic carbonaceous flysch and/or &lt;em&gt;syn&lt;/em&gt;- or post-collisional granitoids. Hydrothermal alteration associations display diversity that depends upon the varying crustal level of the gold mineralization and its spatial distance from granitoid intrusions. The H-O-C and He&lt;img&gt;Ar isotope ratios suggest a dominantly metamorphic fluid with variable contribution of magmatic water and/or mantle-derived deep fluids in a medium-temperature, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-rich, low-salinity H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O–CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–NaCl system. Available geological, sulfur and lead isotope data indicate multiple potential sources for the ore metals and their source reservoir that include metamorphic carbonaceous flysch, granitoid intrusions or the deep mantle. Compilation of apatite fission track (AFT) data suggests that the western segment of the Tien Shan in Central Asia underwent less extensive post-ore exhumation, whereas its eastern segment in China was subjected to a more complex and prolonged exhumation history. Post-ore differential uplifting and exhumation played an important role in forming th","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 104983"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing metamorphic core complexes in the North American Cordillera","authors":"Andrew V. Zuza ,&nbsp;Gilby Jepson ,&nbsp;Wenrong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continental metamorphic core complexes (MCCs) are widely distributed on Earth, primarily exposed at convergent plate margins. These structural systems involve the exhumation of metamorphosed, commonly migmatitic, middle-lower crust rocks along high-strain mylonitic shear zones to the brittle upper crust. However, the extent to which the brittle faults, ductile shear zones, and syn-kinematic igneous rocks are genetically and kinematically related within MCCs remains inadequately understood. To address this, we synthesize structural, geochronological, thermochronological, sedimentological, and petrological observations from MCCs distributed across the strike-length of the North American Cordillera. We show that Paleogene ductile MCC exhumation tracked via medium-to-high temperature thermochronology (i.e., biotite and muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dates) and cross-cutting relationships youngs toward the central Cordillera latitudes (∼37°N), whereas predominately Miocene brittle faulting and syn-kinematic basin formation youngs northward from the south. Ductile MCC exhumation age trends parallel magmatic sweeps associated with rollback of the Farallon slab, whereas brittle extensional faulting trends correlate with the northward migration of the Mendocino triple junction and the initiation of Basin and Range extension. In light of these observations, we argue that MCCs in the North American Cordillera were not the result of a single phase of extension, but rather reflect two decoupled stages including an early phase of buoyant diapirism followed by a later phase of lithospheric extension. The diapirism ocurred as a Rayleigh-Taylor instability due to crustal melting driven by asthenospheric influx during slab rollback and coupled magmatism. Later, lithospheric extension was caused by regional gravitational relaxation due to change of plate boundary kinematics. This synthesis demonstrates the complexities of MCC generation and highlights the need for better dating constraints for both brittle and ductile structures to make improved interpretations of MCCs globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 104987"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precambrian tectonic evolution of the Qaidam block, northern Tibet: Implications for the assembly and breakup of Proterozoic supercontinents","authors":"Chen Wu ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Wenyou Liu ,&nbsp;Andrew V. Zuza ,&nbsp;Peter J. Haproff ,&nbsp;Lin Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nature of Precambrian metamorphic basement rocks and overall tectonic evolution of the Qaidam block in northern Tibet remains debated despite being important to understanding the assembly of Asia. Paleogeographic reconstructions of Precambrian supercontinents rarely consider Phanerozoic tectonic modification of its constituent Precambrian blocks. This issue is particularly relevant for the Qaidam block and its neighboring crustal fragments, which experienced significant Phanerozoic overprinting from multiple tectonic episodes. To address this problem, we systematically reviewed key geological observations and regional datasets related to Proterozoic magmatism, metamorphism, and sedimentation of major Precambrian blocks in China. This synthesis provided new constraints on the Proterozoic tectonic evolution of the Qaidam block, including paleogeographic supercontinent configurations and nature of multiple continental-drift-collision events. New results of field mapping, geochronological, and geochemical analyses allow us to divide the Precambrian rocks of the Qaidam block into four divisions: (1) Paleoproterozoic gneiss and schist; (2) Meso- and (3) Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks; and (4) Proterozoic intrusions. We propose that the Qaidam block was part of a “Greater North China” block, which experienced early Paleoproterozoic post-collisional extension and continental collision along the Paleoproterozoic Northern Margin orogen to form the Columbia-Nuna supercontinent. The Greater North China block subsequently experienced Mesoproterozoic extension related to supercontinent breakup. In addition, we propose that the Greater North China block was affixed to the western margin of Laurentia and Siberia as part of Rodinia in the Neoproterozoic, rifted in the late Neoproterozoic, and drifted in the early Paleozoic as a series of microcontinents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 104985"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biostabilization: Parameterizing the interactions between microorganisms and siliciclastic marine sediments","authors":"Brette S. Harris,&nbsp;Kelly J. Rozanitis,&nbsp;Bruce Sutherland,&nbsp;Paul G. Myers,&nbsp;Kurt O. Konhauser,&nbsp;Murray K. Gingras","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial mats have existed for much of Earth's history. They represent some of the earliest evidence of life, are essential in biogeochemical cycles, and played a pivotal role in oxygenating the atmosphere. In addition, benthic microbiota impact sediment properties by enhancing the cohesion and stability of the substratum, a process known as ‘biostabilization’, which affects sediment dynamics and rheology. A substantial body of research has focused on experimentally quantifying biostabilization in siliciclastic sediments. This review compiles and synthesizes these studies in order to facilitate comparison of results. They, in turn, are compared with; (1) the Shields' diagram, (2) shear stress values in shallow marine environments, and (3) occurrences of microbially induced sedimentary structures in the marine stratigraphic record. The findings reveal significant variability in outcomes, with increases in the Shields' Parameter ranging from 0.1 to 4 orders of magnitude. They also demonstrate that high-energy hydrodynamic conditions, such as those above fairweather wave base, inhibit microbial colonization. Additionally, the review briefly discusses two applications of the data: (1) refining models of the Great Oxidation Event, and (2) evaluating microbial biostabilization as a response to increased coastal erosion driven by climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 104976"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating cross-scale insights into colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport in fractured rocks: A critical review","authors":"Funing Ma ,&nbsp;Zhenxue Dai ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Zhang ,&nbsp;Fangfei Cai ,&nbsp;Weiliang Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Tian ,&nbsp;Shangxian Yin ,&nbsp;Yue Ma ,&nbsp;Dayong Wang ,&nbsp;Mohamad Reza Soltanian ,&nbsp;Longcheng Liu ,&nbsp;Paul Reimus","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driven by the global imperative for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW), notable progress has been made in predicting radionuclide transport within fractured rocks. Current research has recognized that the presence of colloids may significantly influence radionuclide transport. However, challenges remain in understanding and quantifying this process from a multi-scale perspective. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in understanding the role of colloids in facilitating radionuclide transport in multi-scale fractured rocks. We first revisit the fundamental characteristics and processes controlling the transport of colloids and radionuclides in fractured rocks, including the properties of fractured rocks, colloids, and radionuclides, as well as their complex interactions. Furthermore, we discuss recent advancements in lab- and field-scale experiments and modeling techniques that shed light on the mechanisms controlling colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport. The focus then shifts to scaling issues, including scale-dependent transport processes and parameters, as well as the upscaling theories that bridge the gap between lab-scale experiments and field-scale assessments. Finally, we identify unresolved problems and promising development trends in colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport, which offer new opportunities for enhancing the accuracy of long-term safety assessments in HLW geological repositories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 104974"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fate of ‘forever chemicals’ in the global cryosphere","authors":"Yunqiao Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Wang ,&nbsp;Chuanfei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Ji ,&nbsp;Xuerui Niu ,&nbsp;Huike Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cryosphere serves as a significant sink in the global circulation of organic pollutants. Among them, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known as “forever chemical”, are of great concern as their concentrations surpass the Earth's planetary safety boundary. In this review, we synthesize knowledge on the fate of PFAS in the cryosphere, focusing on their sources, accumulation, release process, and ecological effects. Long-range atmospheric transport leads to widespread of PFAS in the cryosphere, whereas local activities are primarily responsible for the regional PFAS pollution. Because of the wide replacements of the ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons after the Montreal Protocol, the ultra-short chain (C &lt; 4) PFAS, particularly trifluoroacetic acid, have emerged as the predominant compounds in the cryosphere, which may become a focus of future research. Cryospheric components such as snowfall, sea ice, and permafrost are important accumulation reservoirs of PFAS, while under climate warming, air-snow exchange, sea-ice melting and permafrost thaw lead to redistribution of PFAS. During snow/ice melt, short-chain PFAS are released earlier than long-chain PFAS. The PFAS remaining in the proglacial environment exhibit a range of ecological effects on both micro- and higher trophic organisms through the food web, ultimately leading to biodiversity loss. Our analysis shed light on the fate of PFAS in the cryosphere under climate warming and highlighted the urgent need for their long-term monitoring and study of PFAS in glacial regions to protect the fragile ice world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 104973"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen-induced mineral alteration: A review in the context of underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in saline aquifers","authors":"Heather Braid ,&nbsp;Kevin Taylor ,&nbsp;Edward Hough ,&nbsp;Chris Rochelle ,&nbsp;Vahid Niasar ,&nbsp;Lin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen is considered a viable energy vector, it can be produced through the electrolysis of water and stored as a gaseous phase in the subsurface. Hydrogen storage in saline aquifers is not yet commercially operational, to increase the technological readiness, the complex interactions between rock, pore fluid, and hydrogen under reservoir conditions (increased pressure and temperature) need thorough understanding. It is acknowledged that abiotic geochemical reactions are a potential barrier for UHS as hydrogen is an electron donor and can form highly reactive hydrogen ions. Using a comparative approach, this study reviews the current disparity in the literature regarding the impacts and extents of hydrogen-induced abiotic reactions, to identify knowledge gaps requiring further investigation. Data from both experimental and modelled methods are summarised in relation to individual minerals, common in the subsurface, and their implications to efficiency and security of underground hydrogen storage. This review demonstrates a significant agreement concerning the lack of reaction between hydrogen and rock-forming silicate minerals, and a strong likelihood that under reservoir conditions (heightened temperature and pressure) hydrogen can reduce pyrite to pyrrhotite. It also reveals compelling evidence suggesting exposure to hydrogen can lead to the dissolution of sulphates (anhydrite) and carbonates (calcite). We conclude development of future hydrogen storage projects in saline aquifers should therefore focus on silicate-rich formations. And further work is needed to establish a clear understanding of extents and rates of potential mineral reactions to ensure storage security and efficiency in future projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 104975"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}