ecancermedicalscience最新文献

{"title":"Rare presentation of multicentric sebaceous carcinoma of the breast in a 33-year-old woman: diagnostic challenges and treatment approach.","authors":"Izaberen Sampaio Estevam, Mariana Macambira Noronha, Júlia Matos Dubanhevitz, Eric Lima Freitas Mota, Ígor Giordan Duarte Jorge, Conceição Aparecida Dornelas, Diane Isabelle Magno Cavalcante, Georgia Fiuza Alencar Araripe, Márcio Marcondes Vieira","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1908","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sebaceous carcinoma of the breast (SCB) is an unusual neoplasm. To the best of our knowledge, only 30 cases have been reported in the literature. Due to its rarity, there is limited knowledge on how to manage patients with SCB. This article aims to describe a case of multicentric sebaceous breast carcinoma in a 33-year-old woman detailing the diagnostic process, historical findings and the treatment approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1908"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'ARVs is for HIV and cream is for HPV or precancer:' Women's perceptions and perceived acceptability of self-administered topical therapies for cervical precancer treatment: a qualitative study from Kenya.","authors":"Chemtai Mungo, Aparna Ghosh Kachoria, Everlyn Adoyo, Graham Zulu, Supreet Kaur Goraya, Jackton Omoto, Cirilus Osongo, Renée M Ferrari, Lisa Rahangdale","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1903","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionate burden of cervical cancer, despite being a preventable disease. Prevention efforts in LMICs are hindered in part by lack of access to cervical precancer treatment, due to weak health infrastructure and a lack of adequate human resources to deliver current provider-administered precancer treatments. Innovative strategies are urgently needed to close the cervical precancer treatment gap in LMICs, including the use of self-administered topical therapies such as 5-fluorouracil and imiquimod, for which efficacy evidence is available from high-income settings. We investigated African women's perceptions and perceived acceptability of these therapies for cervical precancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between November 2022 and April 2023, we conducted five focus group discussions (FGDs) with women ages 25-65 years undergoing cervical cancer screening or precancer treatment in Kisumu, Kenya. The FGDs explored women's experiences with screening and precancer treatment, their acceptability of topical therapies for precancer treatment and perceived barriers and facilitators to uptake. The FGDs were moderated by local qualitative research assistants, conducted in local languages, transcribed, coded and analysed using qualitative description using NVIVO software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine women participated, with a mean age of 35.4 years (SD 6.5). All had undergone cervical cancer screening and 25 (83%) had a history of precancer treatment with ablation or excision. Multiple themes were identified related to women's perceptions of topical therapies. Participants were highly receptive to topical treatments, with many favoring the option of self-administration compared to provider-administration of such therapies. Self-administration of topical therapies was felt to help address challenges associated with current treatment methods, including difficulty in access, pain with procedures, cost and lack of privacy with pelvic examinations. Participants had a preference for topical therapies that are used less frequently compared to those used daily.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among Kenyan women with a history of cervical precancer treatment, self-administered topical therapies for precancer are acceptable and have the potential to address barriers, including access, privacy and cost, that hinder precancer treatment in LMICs. If supported by efficacy studies in LMICs, self-administered topical therapies offer a scalable approach to closing the precancer treatment gap in LMICs.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1903"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns and prognostic factors of metastasis in Latino/Hispanic patients with melanoma and negative lymph nodes.","authors":"Jessica J Farzan, Jiddu Guart, Gabriel De la Cruz Ku, Nichita Kulkarni, Rachel Huselid, Anshumi Desai, Camila Franco, Vanessa Mroueh, Jessica Mroueh, Gonzalo Ziegler","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1905","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Malignant melanoma presents with diverse clinical and histological manifestations that vary per population. Lymph node status, assessed through sentinel lymph node biopsy, is a widely accepted standard of care and a key prognostic indicator. This study aims to identify clinical outcomes, clinicopathologic factors, recurrence patterns, metastatic spread patterns and risk factors associated with lymph node-negative melanoma in our Latino/Hispanic patient population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients diagnosed with lymph node-negative melanoma at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru, from 2010 to 2019. Cox regression analysis was used to assess prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 249 patients with lymph node-negative melanoma, with a median follow-up time of 25 months. Recurrence was observed in 27% of patients, with a mean age of 65 years compared to 60 years in the non-recurrent group. With a median follow-up of 35 months, the 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates and overall survival (OS) were 75% and 94%, respectively. The 3-year OS rate was 97% and 88% for non-recurrent and recurrent patients, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.002). The predictors of RFS were Breslow index (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.098, 95%CI: 1.051-1.146, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and number of mitoses per mm² (HR = 2.105, 95%CI: 1.150-3.852, <i>p</i> = 0.016). Age was the only predictor for lymph node recurrence (HR = 1.053, 95%CI: 1.010-1.098, <i>p</i> = 0.016), and Breslow index for distant metastasis (HR = 1.126, 95%CI:1.059-1.196, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Breslow index was the only prognostic factor for OS (HR = 1.090, 95%CI:1.034-1.150, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Latino/Hispanic population has unique characteristics and prognostic factors for oncologic outcomes. Increased Breslow depth and number of mitoses per mm² were significant predictors of recurrence in lymph node-negative melanoma. There is a need for personalised risk assessment and management strategies in this population in terms of surveillance and adjuvant therapies. Further molecular and genetic predictors and markers of recurrence need to be investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1905"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of cancer in Needle Hospital, Hargeisa, Somaliland from July 2022 to June 2023.","authors":"Gebrekirstos Hagos, Nazik Hammad, Susannah Stanway, Verna Dnk Vanderpuye, Abdikani Yusuf, Tekleberhan Hailemariam, Osman Ahmed, Husein Jamac, Ubah Ahmed","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1904","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Globally, the incidence of and mortality from cancer is rapidly increasing and presents a barrier to increasing life expectancy. Based on regional and global trends, cancer incidence in Somaliland is expected to increase. Until recently, there was no dedicated cancer clinic in Somaliland. In July 2022, a medical oncology service was started in Needle Hospital, Hargeisa, Somaliland. This study reports on patterns of cancer with respect to patients' region, age, gender, comorbidities, site and subsites of cancer, histology and stages.</p><p><strong>Patients and method: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted to determine the patterns of cancer among patients evaluated in the Needle Hospital cancer clinic from July 2022 to June 2023. Data were extracted from the cancer patient registration file and charts. Descriptive statistics were applied using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 232 cancer patients were evaluated during the study period. The median age was 60.0 years. More than half (56.5%) of the patients were female, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.3:1. Most of the patients (66.8%) came from Morodijeh, followed by Togdher (15.1%) and Awdal (5.2%) regions. The most common anatomic subsites of the cancers were breast, esophageal and prostate cancers, accounting for 15.9%, 8.2% and 7.3%, respectively. Based on histology, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 42.2% and 25%, respectively. Most patients presented at an advanced stage; stage IV cancer accounted for 44.4% and stage III cancers accounted for 29.30% of the total patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on this study, cancer is one of the emerging health problems in Somaliland. Most patients presented at an advanced stage. Breast, esophageal and prostate cancers were the most commonly diagnosed cancers. Esophageal cancer, being a common finding, is disparate, so a study investigating the aetiology and biology of esophageal cancer in Somaliland is recommended. We also recommend establishing the National Cancer Control Plan, a national cancer registry and developing research capacity. Finally, to improve cancer outcomes, capacity building in diagnostic and treatment facilities and regional and international collaboration should also be prioritised.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1904"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nigeria's 6-year (2018-2023) stage distribution of breast cancer at diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Agodirin Olayide, Chijioke Chijindu, Mustapha Fathi, Rahman Ganiyu, Olatoke Samuel, Olaogun Julius, Akande Halima","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1899","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nigeria has implemented various interventions to reduce late-stage breast cancer (BC) diagnosis in recent decades. This meta-analysis assessed the impact of these efforts by examining recent BC stage distribution data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines was conducted. PubMed was searched for studies on BC in Nigeria from 2018 to 2023 and additional articles were identified through hand searching and snowballing in African Journal Online, Google Scholar and ResearchGate. Data on patient demographics, time to diagnosis at tertiary center and stage distribution were extracted and meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. A simple comparison with historical data of 2000-2018 was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven articles reported the stage distribution of 1,647 BC patients. Overall analysis of the recent stage distribution showed a slight decrease in stages I, II and IV and an increase in stage III. However, these changes were accompanied by wider confidence intervals: 6% 95% confidence intervals (95% CI 0-15), 17% (6%-29%), 56 (95% CI 38-68) and 21 (9-34) were stages I-IV, respectively, compared to 8% (95% CI 3-13), 21% (14%-28%), 44 (95% CI 33-51) and 29 (21-37) in the historical data. The sensitivity analysis, using a two-stage classification as ('early' or 'late' disease), strongly indicated a trend towards more advanced-stage (82% CI 79-85) disease in the recent analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Advanced-stage BC remains prevalent in Nigeria. A comprehensive evaluation of current BC control strategies is needed to identify barriers and develop effective interventions for early diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1899"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of early-stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with radical radiation - a single institution experience.","authors":"Zuzaki Shabin, Rejnish Kumar, Malu Rafi, Lekha M Nair, Krishnapriya Pisharody, Nijo Jose, Indu Sasikumar, John Mathew, Kumara Pillai Mohanan Nair, Kainickal Cessal Thommachan","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1901","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Treatment options for early-stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) (Stages I and II) include definitive radiation or surgery. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the outcomes of early-stage (Stages I and II) OPSCC treated with radical radiation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The data of patients with early-stage OPSCC (T1/T2N0) treated with definitive radiation at the Regional Cancer Center, Trivandrum, Kerala, India, from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2020 were retrieved from medical records. A structured proforma was used to gather clinical and therapeutic details of the patients. The primary objective was to assess loco-regional control and patterns of relapse. Secondary objectives were to assess overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and prognostic factors affecting the treatment outcomes. DFS and OS were generated using Kaplan-Meier Curves. The prognostic factors affecting the outcomes were analysed using the Cox-proportional hazards regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and twelve patients with early-stage oropharyngeal cancers who received definitive radiation were included in the study. The majority (91.97%) were males and 90% (101) of the patients had tobacco and alcohol-related habits. Twenty-six (23.3%) among the 112 patients had stage I disease and 86 (76.7%) had stage II disease. The median age group of the study population was 62 years. The most commonly affected primary site was the tonsil (<i>N</i> = 38, 33.9%), followed by the soft palate (<i>N</i> = 34, 30.3%) and followed by the base of the tongue (<i>N</i> = 23, 20.5%). The majority of the patients (80.4% (<i>N</i> = 90)) received a radiotherapy (RT) dose of 60 Gy in 26 fractions at 2.3 Gy per fraction over 5.5 weeks. One hundred nine (97.3%) patients attained remission at 12 weeks following radiation. Three patients had residual disease and none of them underwent salvage surgery. Twenty-one percent (<i>N</i> = 24) of patients had relapsed and the median time to relapse was 20 months. Among the relapses, 7 (29%) underwent salvage surgery and others were given palliative treatment. The most frequent site of relapse was the primary site followed by regional nodes. At a median follow-up of 63 months, the 4-year DFS was 67.9% and OS was 75%. Stage-wise 4-year DFS and OS for stages 1 and II were 68.1% and 64.1%, 78.9% and 73.8%, respectively. The locoregional relapse-free survival at 4 years was 75.2%. Five patients developed a second malignancy and the lung was the most common site. In univariate analysis, age was the only significant prognostic factor that affected the treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survival outcomes of the patients treated with definitive RT are comparable with the published literature. However, the salvage rates were very poor.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1901"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis and percutaneous nephrolithotomy tracts after PCNL for staghorn calculus - point of surgical technique.","authors":"Singamaneni Arun Mitra, Vijith Shetty, Achuth S Nayak, Anand Raja","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1900","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) comprises 0.5%-15% of tumours in the renal pelvis and ureter. SCC after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for staghorn calculus is a rare entity with only five cases reported. Tumour spreading along the tract after PCNL is even more uncommon with only one case reported. We report a case of SCC of the renal pelvis and tract of PCNL extending upto skin over the flank and review the literature, demonstrate surgical technique.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 54-year-old gentleman was diagnosed with right pelvic staghorn lithiasis due to flank pain and confirmed on a non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan. He underwent PCNL in two stages over 2 weeks apart. There was no suspicious lesion after the complete removal of the stone. Due to persistent right flank pain and hematuria after 3 months, the patient was evaluated with a contrast CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which revealed an enhancing lesion over the right kidney extending from the renal pelvis to the PCNL tract associated with retrocaval, aortocaval and precaval nodes. CT-guided biopsy of the mass was performed diagnosing a high-grade carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Urine cytology showed dysplastic cells. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid study revealed a low glomerular filtration rate of 20 mL/min in the right kidney. There were no metastases elsewhere. We performed radical nephrectomy along with excision of the PCNL tracts, skin and flank muscles excision with template-based retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Finally, we use a mesh for reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-standing staghorn calculus may harbor SCC of the renal pelvis which is undiagnosed preoperatively probably due to chronic irritation. Complete surgical excision with negative margins (R0) is the only option to cure as demonstrated in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1900"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant lenvatinib in a patient with invasive poorly differentiated thyroid cancer.","authors":"Santiago Zund, Inés Califano, Fernando Carrizo, Sergio Quildrian","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1902","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A limited number of case reports have investigated the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as neoadjuvant therapy in locally invasive poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC).</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 69-year-old female patient presented with a large mass in the right thyroid lobe measuring 10 × 8 cm. A computed tomography scan showed a mass with no cleavage plane between the tumour and both the laryngotracheal and esophageal right lateral wall. A core needle biopsy was performed and confirmed PDTC. The case was considered unresectable. After a trial of neoadjuvant lenvatinib was administered, a partial response of 50% was achieved and surgery could be performed with favourable surgical outcomes. The patient did not resume lenvatinib after surgery, as no evidence of structural disease was found. At publication, she remains free of structural disease with an incomplete biochemical response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neadjuvant lenvatinib can be a therapeutic option to reduce primary tumour extent, in order to perform surgery and achieve better outcomes. However, this requires a highly selected patient group. Neoadjuvant-targeted therapy holds significant promise and warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1902"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High body mass index increases the risk for prostate cancer and high Gleason score in northern Tanzania: data from prostate cancer screening.","authors":"Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi, Alex Mremi, Mshangama Seif, Frank Bright, Godrule Lyimo, Innocent Uggh, Modesta Paschal Mitao, Obadia Nyongole, Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo, Harcharan Gill, Mramba Nyindo, Kien Alfred Mteta, Blandina Theophil Mmbaga","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1898","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer (Pca) remains a controversial subject. Despite Pca being common in Tanzania, there is a scarcity of data on the role of BMI on Pca risk. This study aimed to assess the association between Pca and BMI among African men in Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis included Tanzanian men aged ≥40 years who underwent prostate biopsy for the elevated prostate-specific antigen of >4 ng/mL during community-based Pca screening. Gleason scores of all Pca cases were determined by an experienced pathologist. BMI was calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in metre square. Participants were categorised into four BMI categories as follows: underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m²), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m²) and obese (≥30 kg/m²). A high Gleason score refers to any score of ≥4+3. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odd ratio of each BMI category for the risk of Pca and high Gleason score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 572 men underwent prostate biopsy after being found to have an elevated prostate-specific antigen of >4 ng/mL during screening. Of these, normal BMI accounted for 233 (40.7%), while overweight and obesity accounted for 153 (26.7%) and 141 (24.7%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, overweight men had significantly higher odds of being diagnosed with Pca (OR 6.95, 95% CI; 3.43-14.06) as compared to their normal-weight counterparts. The strength of the association became stronger among obese participants (OR 23.65, 95%CI; 11.45-48.87). Similarly, there was a significant increase in the odds of being diagnosed with high Gleason score Pca among obese men (OR 3.63, 95%CI; 1.52-8.70).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tanzanian men with elevated prostate-specific antigen and a high BMI have a significant risk of being diagnosed with Pca, mostly with a high Gleason score. Normal BMI maintenance might help in reducing the risk of developing Pca.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bevacizumab in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: real-world experience from a tertiary cancer hospital in India.","authors":"Ranti Ghosh, Debarshi Lahiri, Debjit Ghosh, Kushal Sen, Debanjan Chakraborty, Tapas Maji, Suparna Mazumder, Ranajit Mandal, Arit Bhattacharjee, Jayanta Chakrabarti","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1897","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In combination with chemotherapy, bevacizumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody against angiogenesis, significantly increases progression-free survival (PFS) in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, due to financial constraints, real-world experience with bevacizumab in EOC is lacking in Indian populations. This study assessed bevacizumab's efficacy with chemotherapy in platinum-sensitive and resistant EOC in resource-limited Indian populations.</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted at a regional cancer hospital in eastern India. Platinum-sensitive and resistant recurrent EOC patients were enrolled between 2021 and 2024. Patients' demographic and treatment details were retrieved from hospital medical records. All patients received bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg IV dose with chemotherapy followed by maintenance till disease progression or inadvertent toxicity occurred. Primary endpoints were PFS and objective response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and safety. Kaplan-Meier plot generated PFS and OS survival curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>48 patients were enrolled. With a median follow-up of 37 months, 46% of patients progressed on bevacizumab. The median duration of PFS was 17 months (95% CI, 14.31-19.68); it was slightly higher in platinum-sensitive patients at 18 months (95% CI, 14.25-21.74). Half of the patients achieved partial response, with an ORR of 66%. Median OS was not reached due to fewer events. The 3-year OS rate was 83%. About 15 patients who progressed on bevacizumab were able to receive further chemotherapy lines. No new safety concerns were noted. Only 4.2% of patients developed grade 3 proteinuria, one developed arterial thrombosis and two had grade 3 thrombocytopenia. Only one patient died due to a GI fistula.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy followed by bevacizumab maintenance till disease progression significantly improved PFS in recurrent EOC. This real-world finding suggests a crucial insight into effective treatment options for financially compromised Indian populations with recurrent EOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1897"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}