Ecological Indicators最新文献

{"title":"Retraction notice to \"Assessing spatiotemporal trends and drivers of livestock methane emissions in China: A spatial econometric analysis\" [Ecol. Indic. 178 (2025) 113992]","authors":"Han Lan , Said Khalfa Brika , Agarzayev Azer Huseyn , Nargizakhon Shamshieva , Liyu Du","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114772","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114772"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale forest typologies using novel vertical layer metrics from airborne LiDAR in temperate mixed forests","authors":"Seunghyeon Lee ,&nbsp;Uirin Ha ,&nbsp;Heejae Lee ,&nbsp;Hyeyeong Choe ,&nbsp;Hansoo Kim ,&nbsp;Youngkeun Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precisely quantifying forest vertical structure is fundamental to understanding biodiversity, productivity, and ecosystem functions. Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) provides an unparalleled capacity to capture three-dimensional canopy architecture, yet existing metrics often overlook attributes of individual layers. To address these limitations, this study developed novel vertical layer indices, applied clustering, and tested robustness across scales. We used high-density ALS data (over 200 points·m⁻²) covering 5.6 km² of temperate mixed forest in South Korea, encompassing diverse species compositions and successional stages. For scale-dependent analysis, circular analytical units with radii of 5- and 10-m were applied. A vertical layer segmentation procedure was optimized, achieving close agreement with field assessments (Mean Absolute Error ≈ 0.4 m), and provided the number of vertical layers and their ranges. From these results, ten indices were created to quantify layer height, gap size, and diversity at both species and unit scales. The indices were clustered into four to five interpretable types using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (HDBSCAN), which explained over 70% of structural variance. For the 10-m units, the forest was classified as monolayer conifers, mixed mid-story, broadleaved multi-layer, stratified late-successional, and noise (structurally indeterminate units left unassigned), accounting for 31.8%, 39.8%, 11.3%, 5.9%, and 11.2%, respectively. Scale comparisons showed the Cumulative Layer Range (CLR) was stable, with differences within ±1.7% across six species out of eight. In contrast, Shannon's H′ was sensitive, increasing by 0.08 (25%) in 5-m units for <em>Pinus densiflora</em>. This index-based approach quantifies forest structural characteristics and captures scale-dependent vertical complexities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114798"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147612832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital sampling of remote sensing indices to optimize monitoring of US agroecosystems","authors":"K. Colton Flynn ,&nbsp;Mitchell Donovan ,&nbsp;Chinmayi Moorthy ,&nbsp;Trey O. Lee ,&nbsp;Michael J. White","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Remote sensing vegetation indices such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) are widely used to monitor crop productivity and agroecosystem conditions. Yet, extracting full-field values across millions of fields from high resolution high frequency raster data remains computationally intensive at national scales, and is unrealistic for whole fields at the local level for continuous coverage of in-situ measurements. This study evaluates whether digital sampling (extracting NDVI from a limited number of stratified point locations within each field) can reliably approximate whole-field NDVI means while reducing processing demands. Using Sentinel-2 imagery from 2019 to 2021, we analyzed NDVI for ∼4.1 million crop-producing fields across the contiguous United States and compared whole-field NDVI with sampling schemes of 1 to 6 stratified points. Accuracy increased nonlinearly as points were added, with the largest improvement occurring when increasing from one to two points. Across the continental United States (CONUS), three points were generally sufficient to exceed an <em>R</em>^<em>2</em> of 0.90, though performance varied by Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network production system and individual agroecosystems. Integrated LTAR regions reached high accuracy with fewer points, whereas cropland and grazingland regions required more extensive sampling. Several agroecosystems showed lower coefficients of determination between point-based and field mean NDVI, particularly during the growing and senescence seasons. Digital sampling reduced computational requirements, using far fewer Earth Engine Compute Units (EECUs) than full-field extraction. These findings demonstrate that stratified digital sampling offers an efficient, scalable approach for monitoring vegetation dynamics across U.S. agroecosystems, enabling broad-scale indicator development while reducing computational time, energy use, and analytical costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114809"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147612918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reforestation mitigates negative impacts of infrastructure by improving habitat connectivity for the Javan leopard","authors":"Andhika C. Ariyanto ,&nbsp;Tiejun Wang ,&nbsp;Andrew K. Skidmore ,&nbsp;Dede A. Rahman ,&nbsp;Anton Ario ,&nbsp;Muhammad A. Imron","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest fragmentation, primarily caused by infrastructure expansion and land intensification, is a major threat to biodiversity globally. In Java, the most densely populated island, this fragmentation of remaining forests directly undermines ecological connectivity, which is vital for the persistence of the island's only surviving big cat, the Javan leopard (<em>Panthera pardus melas</em>). To evaluate how targeted reforestation may alleviate these impacts, we developed a scenario-based connectivity model using a least-cost framework and two ecological indicators of corridor quality: the ratio of cost-weighted distance to Euclidean distance (CWD:EUC) and the ratio of cost-weighted distance to least-cost path length (CWD:LCP). A baseline scenario that incorporated existing and planned highways and railways was compared with an idealized reforestation scenario simulating the rehabilitation of degraded lands designated as “critical areas”. Across Java, modeled corridors exhibited strong spatial heterogeneity—complex and reticulated in western regions, more linear in central Java, and sparse in the east. Under the reforestation scenario, both connectivity indicators decreased significantly (the mean CWD:EUC ratio decreased by 21%, and the mean CWD:LCP ratio by 24%), reflecting straighter and lower-resistance pathways between core habitats. These results demonstrate that reforestation could potentially improve structural connectivity proxies and may serve as an early indicator of potential functional recovery for wide-ranging carnivores. By linking scenario modeling with quantitative indicators, this study provides a framework for assessing restoration benefits and infrastructure impact in biodiversity-rich yet highly developed tropical landscapes. The findings highlight how strategically located reforestation can partially offset fragmentation, sustain ecological links, and support planning to reconcile development with conservation across Java Island.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114800"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147612916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of coupled human and ecology coordination in mining cities: An integrated remote sensing and machine learning approach","authors":"Bo Wen ,&nbsp;Xinran Nie ,&nbsp;Yefeng Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mineral resource-based cities have long faced dual pressures from ecological conservation and resource development. Understanding the coupling coordination between human activities and the ecological environment in these cities—constructed using proxies for human-ecological interactions based on multi-source remote sensing data—and the mechanisms underlying their spatiotemporal evolution is crucial for promoting sustainable development. Taking Dexing City, China—a typical mineral resource-based city—as a case study, the human activity intensity (HAI) and the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) were constructed. Using the coupling coordination degree model and spatial autocorrelation analysis, the coupled human and ecology coordination degree (CHECD)—including its value and spatial clustering—was quantified over 2014–2023. Furthermore, by integrating the random forest model with the SHapley Additive exPlanations method, the nonlinear driving mechanisms and interactive effects of natural and socioeconomic factors on the CHECD were analysed. Our findings indicate that: (1) The HAI in Dexing City increased continuously, with a total growth of 47.25% over the study period. The quality of the ecological environment, represented by RSEI, transitioned from fluctuating to stable, with a slight net increase (0.08%). The relationship between HAI and RSEI was less coordinated in the earlier period (2014–2018), while a positive trend of synergistic growth emerged in the later period (2019–2023). (2) The CHECD in Dexing City increased from 0.55 (2014) to 0.61 (2023), reaching a stage of moderate coordination. Spatially, CHECD exhibits a pattern of “low in southeast, high in northwest”, along with significant positive spatial autocorrelation and temporal stability. Over 80% of the study area exhibited improved coordination, reflecting synergistic enhancement in human-ecological interactions. (3) The digital elevation model was the most critical factor influencing CHECD, exhibiting a significant negative correlation: low-elevation areas contributed most positively to coordination, with this effect particularly pronounced under high dryness index. Tree cover (TC) was the next most important factor. Its contribution to CHECD exhibited diminishing marginal returns and a significant interaction with the habitat quality index (HQI); specifically, the contribution of TC fluctuated markedly under combinations of low TC and low HQI. The positive relationship between carbon emissions and CHECD suggests that economic gains from resource development may be translated into ecological benefits under effective policy interventions. Based on these findings, policy recommendations are proposed for sustainable development in Dexing City and analogous regions, with a focus on spatial planning and industrial restructuring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114799"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147612919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to \"Enhancing urban agriculture networks: A clustering and multicriteria decision-making approach to sustainability indicators and governance\" [Ecol. Indic. 170 (2025) 112997]","authors":"Jiangwei Kong ,&nbsp;Mengxi Gao ,&nbsp;Hind Alofaysan ,&nbsp;Dilafruz Fayziyeva ,&nbsp;Zhi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114780","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114780"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The legacy effect of tropical cyclone rainfall on gross primary productivity in arid and semi-arid regions","authors":"Zhongli Liu ,&nbsp;Grzegorz Skrzypek ,&nbsp;Okke Batelaan ,&nbsp;Huade Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In arid and semi-arid ecosystems, the duration of vegetation response to rainfall pulses varies with the magnitude and timing of the precipitation event. Extreme weather events, such as tropical cyclones, can trigger long-lasting ecological responses. In this study, we examined the impact of tropical cyclones on ecosystem gross primary production (GPP) in the Pilbara, Western Australia, and identified two distinct effects: direct and legacy effects. Our findings reveal that tropical cyclones delivering substantial rainfall lead to an immediate increase in GPP. This direct effect typically persists for approximately two months. Following this initial GPP increase, the ecosystems exhibit altered responses to subsequent rainfalls, a phenomenon we define as the legacy effect, which lasts for about 100 days. On average, tropical cyclones contribute an additional 30 g C/m²/y GPP during a water year, with 40% of this additional GPP attributed to the legacy effect, compared with tropical-cyclone-unaffected areas in the semi-arid tropics of Western Australia. However, prolonged drought can diminish the legacy effect. These findings improve our understanding of how changes in precipitation patterns driven by global climate change may influence carbon assimilation and ecosystem resilience in semi-arid regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114803"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147612915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fragility of special areas of conservation to enhance habitat resilience","authors":"Donatella Valente ,&nbsp;Erica Maria Lovello ,&nbsp;Antonella Albano ,&nbsp;Irene Petrosillo","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Specific levels of ecological sensitivity and anthropogenic pressures can affect the fragility of an area. However, human activities can cause changes in Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) in terms of diversity, size, and habitat configuration, with the risk of biodiversity loss. The objectives of this research are: (1) a preliminary analysis, mapping, and classification of the 18 SACs included in one of the large-area sites (BAS) of the National Centre for the Future of Biodiversity in Italy in terms of ecological sensitivity and in terms of the three main anthropogenic pressures (land use, agriculture, and priority habitat fragmentation), which represent crucial threats to biodiversity; and (2) a first assessment and classification of SACs in terms of fragility to identify possible conservation management actions. S2 had the highest ecological sensitivity, as well as very high anthropogenic pressure. By combining sensitivity and anthropogenic pressures in each SAC, it was possible to classify the different areas in terms of fragility: in particular, S2 was found to be the most fragile. The results provided important information on the resilience of SACs, which depends on their stability domains, influencing their ability to adapt to disturbances. This approach implemented a perspective based exclusively on habitat dimensions with a broad view of the fragility of SACs. In addition, it represents a first step to integrate human activities and ecological data to assess the fragility of SACs to anthropogenic pressures and identify effective management measures to improve biodiversity conservation in the context of the Nature Restoration Law.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114810"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147612920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Evaluation of urban water cycle health status based on DPSIRM framework and AHP-FCE-cloud model” [Ecol. Indic. 170 (2025) 112935]","authors":"Jiageng Hu ,&nbsp;Fuqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Peiheng Liu ,&nbsp;Subing Lü ,&nbsp;Cheng Lü ,&nbsp;Furong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114762","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114762"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Synchronous coupling dominates human–nature interactions in China: Evidence from nine-quadrant trajectory analysis” [Ecol. Indic. 185 (2026) 114757]","authors":"Jun Ma ,&nbsp;Jinliang Wang ,&nbsp;Suling He ,&nbsp;Jianpeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Lanfang Liu ,&nbsp;Xuzheng Zhong ,&nbsp;Fengzhi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114795","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 114795"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147710080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}