Early human development最新文献

{"title":"Neurodevelopment in the transition to school in children subjected to hypothermia due to neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: A prospective study","authors":"Inês Nunes Vicente ,&nbsp;Carla Marques ,&nbsp;Joana Pinto ,&nbsp;Teresa Mota Castelo ,&nbsp;Cristina Pereira ,&nbsp;Alexandra Dinis ,&nbsp;Carla Regina Pinto ,&nbsp;Guiomar Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite therapeutic hypothermia (TH), children with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) still have a high risk of developing long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a good predictor of severe injury, but neurodevelopmental prognosis in milder forms is challenging.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To characterize and compare the neurodevelopmental trajectory of children with HIE who underwent TH during the transition to school and determine the prognostic value of neonatal brain MRI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Newborns undergoing TH were subjected to prospective neurodevelopmental and clinical follow-ups. MRI images were classified according to Weeke's score. Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18–36 and 48–78 months of age were graded as: moderate-severe, mild, or no disabilities. Weeke's total score and gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) subscores' predictive value were calculated at 48–78 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-eight infants were included. Eight died (13.8 %). At 18–36 months, 72.0 % had no disability, 8.0 % mild, and 20.0 % moderate-severe. At 48–78 months, 43.6 % had no disability, 23.0 % mild, and 33.3 % moderate-severe. Comparing both time points, cognitive performance declined in 11 children (28.0 %; <em>p</em> = 0.002). Fifty-six percent developed neurodevelopmental sequelae. The MRI total score, GM, and WM subscores were good predictors of disability, particularly moderate-severe or death. Children with mild disability had higher MRI WM subscores than GM subscores and higher WM subscores than those with no disability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Long-term follow-up is essential, even for children with normative early neurodevelopment. Neonatal MRI has strong prognostic value in distinguishing disability from no disability but is less effective in mild impairment prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 106305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropometric measurements of infants in a risk-based patent ductus arteriosus treatment program","authors":"Rachel Mullaly ,&nbsp;Danielle Roth ,&nbsp;Aisling Smith ,&nbsp;Orla Franklin ,&nbsp;Naomi McCallion ,&nbsp;Afif EL-Khuffash","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to compare growth patterns among preterm infants with different patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) outcomes. Specifically, it examines infants who successfully closed their PDA following early medical therapy, those who failed to achieve closure and low-risk infants who did not meet the threshold for medical treatment of their PDA.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This was a retrospective observational cohort study conducted in a level III neonatal intensive care unit. Preterm infants born &lt;29 weeks gestation were treated with medical therapy if they were deemed high risk as per the EL-Khuffash PDA Severity Score. Anthropometric measurements at birth, day 14 and 36 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA) were compared between low-risk (untreated), high-risk treatment-failure and high-risk treatment-success infants.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>74 low-risk, 52 high-risk treatment-failure and 58 high-risk treatment-success infants were identified. By 36 weeks CGA, there were no differences in weight between groups. However, high-risk treatment-failure infants showed a sustained decline in occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) metrics, while high-risk treatment-success infants demonstrated stable trajectories from birth to 36 weeks CGA (OFC centile change −15 ± 28 vs 0 ± 47 and OFC z-score change −0.5 ± 0.9 vs 0 ± 1.6, respectively). Low-risk infants maintained higher OFC centiles and z-scores at 36 weeks CGA. Gestational age at birth significantly predicted OFC centile change (β = 0.34; <em>p</em> = 0.01) and successful PDA closure positively impacted OFC z-score trajectories (β = 0.2; p = 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that there may be an association between PDA closure and OFC z-score change in high-risk preterm infants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 106302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring auditory attention profiles in ADHD subtypes: A comparative analysis of ADHD-I, ADHD-C, and typically developing children","authors":"Ali Sharifi ,&nbsp;Saman Kamari Songhorabadi ,&nbsp;Ghasem Khayati ,&nbsp;Chantal Martin Söelch ,&nbsp;Amélie Dentz","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research indicates that deficits in auditory functions constitute a core aspect of ADHD symptomology. In this study, we investigated auditory attention and response control in children with ADHD-I (predominantly inattention presentation) and ADHD-C (combined presentation), compared with typically developing children (TD). The clinical sample consisted of 40 ADHD-I (female = 25), 33 ADHD-C (female = 13), and 48 age-matched TD children (female = 22), of mean ages 8.10, 8.63, and 8.56 y, respectively. We evaluated all participants in auditory neuropsychological functions using the Integrated Visual and Auditory Test (IVA). MANOVA, and applied post hoc tests to examine group differences in auditory function. The TD group showed significantly better performance comparted to the the ADHD-C and ADHD-I groups in all auditory functions (<em>p</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>). Compared to the ADHD-C group, the ADHD-I group performed significantly better in auditory attention, response control, sustained attention, prudence, and consistency (<em>p</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>). These results indicate that children with ADHD, particularly the ADHD-C subgroup, face significant challenges in auditory functions, thus highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address these difficulties. Future research should investigate the underlying neural mechanisms contributing to the observed functional differences and explore mitigating interventions in children with ADHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 106289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased parent speech and parent stress is associated with early vocalizations in preterm infants","authors":"Kelsey Sullivan ,&nbsp;Meghan Puglia ,&nbsp;Ashley Trinh ,&nbsp;Mark Conaway ,&nbsp;Karen Fairchild ,&nbsp;Santina Zanelli","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children born preterm are at increased risk of abnormal neurodevelopment, including delays in acquisition of social, behavioral, and language skills. Development of early language skills, including child vocalizations (CVs) and conversational turns (CTs), is impacted by early exposure to parents' speech, which may be affected by parents' mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To study the association between parental speech, parental measures of stress, anxiety, depression, and preterm infant language.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Single-center, prospective longitudinal cohort pilot study in preterm infants born at &lt;33 weeks' gestational age (GA). Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) devices were used to measure language exposure. Parental mental health was measured using the Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS-NICU) and the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety and Depression instruments at three time points. Associations between adult word count (AWC), CVs, and CTs were evaluated using linear regression analysis. Partial correlations and repeated measures analyses were used to study associations between infant language and parental mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>20 infants were enrolled (median GA 30 weeks, 60 % male). CVs and CTs were recorded as early as 30 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA). There was a positive correlation between weekly AWC and weekly CVs and CTs (R² 0.174, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001; R² 0.338, p &lt; 0.0001, respectively). Parental PSS-NICU and PROMIS Anxiety scores decreased over time, while PROMIS Depression scores did not. There was a significant positive correlation between parents' PSS-NICU scores and time spent at bedside (partial correlation 0.49, <em>p</em> = 0.001; 0.46, <em>p</em> = 0.005 for mothers and fathers, respectively). Parent PSS-NICU scores were inversely correlated with CVs and CTs, though this was not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Preterm infants appear to produce vocalizations as early as 30 weeks PMA, even while on non-invasive respiratory support. Higher AWC while parents are at the bedside is strongly correlated with preterm infants' early language skills. Unexpectedly, higher PSS-NICU scores, indicative of increased parent stress, are associated with increased time parents spent with the infant. Further study is required to determine whether increased parent-infant verbal engagement leads to decreased stress in NICU parents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic features of alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins in Japanese infants","authors":"Masahiko Ikeda ,&nbsp;Kazutoshi Cho ,&nbsp;Yuta Furuse ,&nbsp;Tetsuo Onda ,&nbsp;Akiko Ando ,&nbsp;Yuichi Nakamura ,&nbsp;Yosuke Kaneshi ,&nbsp;Atsushi Manabe","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The genetic features of alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) among infants in Japan have not been extensively evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study enrolled sixteen infants with pathologically confirmed ACDMPV. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood cells of the infants for genetic analysis. The samples from tree infants were not viable for analysis, so only 13 were analyzed. Sanger sequencing or next-generation sequencing of the <em>FOXF1</em> coding exon was performed on the samples. When causative variations were not identified, the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) method was used to identify copy-number variations (CNVs) in the exons and the upstream region of <em>FOXF1</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The causative lesions included three missense, one nonsense, and two frameshift variations from six (46 %) participants. CNVs were detected in the DNA samples of five (38 %) participants. No relevant genetic lesions were identified in the remaining two (15 %) cases. The father and two siblings of one affected infant exhibited the same CNV in the upstream region of <em>FOXF1</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We have previously reported cases of ACDMPV patients diagnosed by molecular analysis without pathological confirmation in Japan. This article is the first to report the genetic features associated with pathologically confirmed ACDMPV among infants in Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 106287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors for neurodevelopmental impairment in very preterm infants without severe intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia","authors":"Mitsuhiro Haga ,&nbsp;Masayo Kanai ,&nbsp;Ryutaro Sato ,&nbsp;Eri Nishimura ,&nbsp;Ayaka Iwatani ,&nbsp;Ayumi Oshima ,&nbsp;Naoyuki Miyahara ,&nbsp;Shuntaro Oka ,&nbsp;Yukiko Motojima ,&nbsp;Kanako Itoh ,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Kabe ,&nbsp;Shinichiro Yabe ,&nbsp;Akihiko Kikuchi ,&nbsp;Miharu Fuji ,&nbsp;Satomi Arai ,&nbsp;Fumihiko Namba","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To review the prevalence and risk factors for severe neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in infants born at 22–29 weeks of gestation without severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This single-centered retrospective cohort study enrolled infants born at 22–29 weeks of gestation treated at Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, from 2005 to 2020. Patients with severe IVH or PVL were excluded. The primary outcome was severe NDI at 3 years of age, defined by the presence of neurodevelopmental delay (developmental quotient &lt;70), severe cerebral palsy, or severe sensory deficit. The incidence of severe NDI was assessed, and its associated risk factors were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 666 patients were analyzed, including 134 (20 %) who developed severe NDI. The prevalence of severe NDI was high among infants born at 22 weeks (19/26, 73 %) and 23 weeks (17/50, 34 %) of gestation. A multivariable logistic regression analysis with previously known predictors showed that lower birth weight, male sex, no antenatal corticosteroid therapy, and abdominal surgery were independently associated with severe NDI at 3 years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>As shown in previous studies, a high prevalence of severe NDI was observed in our cohort. Infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of gestation have a high risk of severe NDI even though they are without severe IVH or PVL. Antenatal corticosteroid therapy were beneficial for preventing severe NDI. Infants with a history of abdominal surgery require close monitoring for their neurodevelopmental outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal DUOPAP vs nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome - A randomized control trial","authors":"Harkirat Kaur ,&nbsp;Anita Singh ,&nbsp;Kirti M. Naranje ,&nbsp;Girish Gupta ,&nbsp;Preeti Singh Solanki ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There has been major shift in choice of respiratory support in preterm babies from invasive to non-invasive. There are various modes of non-invasive respiratory support. The comparative efficacy of one mode over another is an important research area.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate effectiveness of Nasal duo positive airway pressure (NDUOPAP) vs nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in reducing need of mechanical ventilation in preterms ≤35 weeks of gestation with respiratory distress syndrome.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Open label, non-inferiority Randomized controlled trial.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects</h3><div>122 Neonates with GA ≤ 35 weeks (61 in NDUOPAP and 61 in NCPAP) with RDS &amp; Silverman Andersen score ≥ 4, admitted to NICU.</div><div>Primary outcome.</div><div>Failure of allocated modes within first 120 h after birth.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant difference between NDUOPAP: 11(18 %) and NCPAP:12(19.7 %) in treatment failure at the first 120 h of birth (<em>p</em> = 0.817). The morbidities including Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Pneumothorax, Intraventricular Hemorrhage, Sepsis, Necrotizing Enterocoilitis, Apnea of prematurity, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Retinopathy of prematurity &amp; mortality were similar between the two groups. The duration of non-invasive respiratory support, mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy were also not significantly different. However the need for surfactant was lower in the NDUOPAP group when compared to NCPAP (<em>p</em> = 0.018).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NDUOPAP compared to NCPAP did not reduce the need for mechanical ventilation during the first 120 h of birth in preterms with RDS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 106284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of maternal depression and anxiety scores on the development of three-month-old babies through the assessment of general movements","authors":"Aynur Basaran ,&nbsp;Ozlem Dulger ,&nbsp;Mustafa Basaran","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression and anxiety symptoms are common during pregnancy, which poses significant risks not only for mothers but also babies. Exposure of the fetus to maternal distress during pregnancy can lead to impairments of the newborn's development that persist throughout their lives. The objective of this study is to investigate whether prenatal exposure to maternal depression and anxiety symptoms has an impact on the neurological status of infants by assessing the quality of general movements at 3 months of age.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, 101 uncomplicated pregnant patients who completed 36 weeks of gestation and their healthy newborns were analyzed. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait (STAI-T) questionnaires were used to assess mothers' distress. 3 months after the birth, general movements (GMs) assessments were conducted using video recordings of their babies. The scores of the questionnaires were compared between the infants grouped as “normal GMs” and “abnormal GMs”.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-six infants exhibited abnormal GMs, while 75 exhibited normal. There was a statistically significant difference in maternal BDI and STAI-T scores between infants exhibiting abnormal and normal GMs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study revealed that a mother's higher anxiety and depression scores during the latter stages of pregnancy might negatively affect the early development of the newborn and this can be determined at 3 months of age by evaluating the quality of GMs. This highlights the importance of monitoring the distress experienced by the mother and the quality of GMs exhibited by newborns and taking preventative measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can general movements trajectories predict neurodevelopment as early as six months corrected age in very preterm infants?","authors":"Isadora Beghetti ,&nbsp;Sofia Spinedi ,&nbsp;Luigi Corvaglia ,&nbsp;Elena Zardi ,&nbsp;Vittoria Paoletti ,&nbsp;Ettore Benvenuti ,&nbsp;Arianna Rossi ,&nbsp;Benedetta Neri ,&nbsp;Mariagrazia Zuccarini ,&nbsp;Valentina Graziosi ,&nbsp;Caterina Verganti ,&nbsp;Alessandra Sansavini ,&nbsp;Arianna Aceti","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate whether prenatal and postnatal clinical variables, General Movements (GMs), and Hammersmith Neurological Examination (HNE) would predict developmental delay. at 6 months corrected age (CA) in preterm infants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Infants born &lt;32 weeks gestational age or &lt;1500 g were enrolled in the first days of life and underwent neurodevelopmental follow-up until 6 months CA. Potential associations between motor, cognitive, and language development assessed by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) at 6 months CA, and clinical variables, GMs at term equivalent age (TEA) and Fidgety period, HNE at TEA and 3 months CA, were investigated by Mann Whitney <em>U</em> test, chi-square test, Spearman correlation test, multiple logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ninety-eight infants were included. GMs anomalies at TEA predicted an increased risk of motor delay at 6 months CA, regardless of Fidgety quality at 3 months GA (GMs anomalies at TEA and pathological Fidgety, OR 16.05 [95 % CI 1.02–253.50]; GMs anomalies at TEA and normal Fidgety, OR 11.16 [95 % CI 1.18–105.31]). Despite several variables, including GMs, were associated to cognitive and language delay at 6 months CA (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), none was found predictive at the multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>GMs at specific timepoints and GMs trajectories are predictive of early motor delay assessed as early as 6 months CA. Further research is needed to develop standardised protocols for neurodevelopmental longitudinal assessment and to investigate GMs trajectories and their integration with other predictors of neurodevelopment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal assessments of motor performance and musculoskeletal abnormalities in preschool children with esophageal atresia","authors":"Unn Inger Møinichen ,&nbsp;Audun Mikkelsen ,&nbsp;Unn Lisbeth Jensen ,&nbsp;Kjersti Birketvedt ,&nbsp;Lars Mørkrid ,&nbsp;Hanneke IJsselstijn ,&nbsp;Ragnhild Emblem","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children with esophageal atresia (EA) may have impaired motor performance and musculoskeletal abnormalities, but when and in whom these abnormalities develop is still unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To study motor performance and musculoskeletal abnormalities from infancy to pre-school age, and to assess risk factors for poor motor performance at 24 and 48 months.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Prospective cohort study at 12, 24, and 48 months.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects</h3><div>Forty-six children with EA.</div></div><div><h3>Outcome measures</h3><div>Total and subtest scores and percentile ranks describing motor skills were obtained by using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) at 12 months, Peabody Developmental Motor Scale, Second Edition (PDMS-2) at 24 months, and Motor Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (MABC-2) at 48 months. Muscle strength was measured by Grippit, and musculoskeletal abnormalities were clinically evaluated according to a standardized protocol.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total median z-scores for AIMS, PDMS-2, and MABC-2 at group level were −0.571, −0.903, and −0.994 respectively, all significantly lower than in reference populations (p &lt; 0.001). The decrease in motor skills between 12 and 48 months may have biological importance and was significantly more frequent in patients with more neonatal morbidity, anastomotic complications, and reduced muscle strength. The number of patients with musculoskeletal abnormalities increased from 11 % to 59 % between 24 and 48 months, but was not related to motor performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Motor performance was low from infancy, reduced longitudinally, and related to neonatal morbidity in children with EA. Musculoskeletal abnormalities increased throughout childhood, but were not related to motor performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 106273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}