Futuristic Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of TNF-α Gene Expression in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Nephropathy","authors":"S. Sharif, Samra Anees, Muhammad Roman, S. Jahan","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i02.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i02.17","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications, including nephropathy, are a significant public health concern worldwide. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in the development and progression of chronic inflammatory diseases, including T2DM and diabetic nephropathy. Objective: To evaluate of TNF-α gene expression in patients with T2DM and nephropathy compared to healthy individuals. Methods: The cross-sectional study conducted on 120 individuals divided into three groups: healthy individuals, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients without diabetic nephropathy, and T2DM patients with nephropathy. RNA was extracted and TNF-α gene expression was evaluated using PCR and statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: The results showed almost 4.2-fold induced expression of TNF-α in T2DM patients without nephropathy compared to the normal group. Conclusion: The study reports that in diabetic nephropathy patients, Gene expression of gene TNF-a shows increases in cases when compared with healthy subjects","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127870046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Prediction of Cymbopogon Citratus Compounds as Promising Inhibitors of Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2","authors":"Tuba Ahmad, R. Saif, Muhammad Hassan Raza, Muhammad Osama Zafar, Saeeda Zia, M. Shafiq, L. Ali, Hooria Younas","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i01.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i01.23","url":null,"abstract":"There is a dire need to develop any antiviral therapy for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Objective: To investigate the potential therapeutic drug agents from Cymbopogon citratus compounds against the main-protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Initial screening was carried out using molecular docking, dynamic simulation followed by ADMET profiling and Lipinski’s physiochemical parameters for prediction of drug likeliness. MOE/PyRx was used for docking before determining the stability of the best complexes through NAMD/VMD softwares. Moreover, SwissADME and admetSAR web-based tools were used for drug likeliness of the best complexes. Results: Out of total 50 compounds, 11 presented the lowest binding energies which includes tannic acid, isoorientin, swertiajaponin, chlorogenic acid, cymbopogonol, warfarin, citral diethyl acetal, citral acetate, luteolin, kaempferol and cianidanol with binding energies of -8.12, -7.38, -7.33, -6.88, -6.48, -6.32, -6.31, -6.18, -6.18, -6.13 and -6.02, respectively. Current studies show isoorientin, chlorogenic acid and tannic acid as the promising drug agents using RMSD, Hbond, heatmap graphs. Conclusion: Further in-vivo experiments are suggested to ascertain the medicinal use of these potential inhibitors against COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130953122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Risk Factors of Septicemia","authors":"A. Hasnain, S. Khalid, Ahmad Alwazzan","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i01.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i01.24","url":null,"abstract":"Septicemia, commonly referred to as blood poisoning, is a potentially life-threatening medical condition caused by the presence of harmful bacteria in the bloodstream. Objective: To assess risk factors of septicemia and observe correlation between them. Methods: This study is cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational. From the medical wards and Accident & Emergency Department of Mayo Hospital Lahore, 101 patients with septicemia were removed. Data was entered into a Performa created specifically for this use. Results: 15/32 patients of UTI, 11/18 patients of bed sores, 6/13 patients having chest infection, 4/8 patients having wound infection, 4/6 patients of hepatic encephalopathy and 3/6 patients of CVA were diabetic. Correlation at two levels was seen i.e., 0.05 which is an indicative of significant correlation and 0.01 which indicates highly significant correlation. Conclusions: Understanding the risk factors associated with septicemia is crucial for preventing and managing this condition. Age, male sex, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, and immunocompromised status have all been identified as significant risk factors for septicemia. Improving early life conditions, increasing vitamin D intake, and improving nutritional status may also play a role in reducing the risk of septicemia.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121024190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship between TNF-α Gene Expression in Non Diabetic Nephropathy Type 2 Diabetes Patients","authors":"Muhammad Roman, Samra Anees, S. Sharif, S. Jahan","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i01.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i01.16","url":null,"abstract":"Non-diabetic nephropathy (NDN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes, leading to kidney damage and impaired kidney function. TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the development of NDN. Objective: To evaluate the gene expression of TNF-α in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without nephropathy to gain insight into the potential role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods: Total of 80 subjects were tested, split into two groups, including healthy patients, T2DM patients without nephropathy, and T2DM patients with nephropathy. RNA was extracted from blood samples, and RT-PCR was used to observe the impact of T2DM without nephropathy on the expression of the TNF-α gene using gene-specific primers and SYBR Green mix. Results: The results showed almost 4.4-fold induced expression of TNF-α in T2DM patients without nephropathy compared to the normal group. Conclusion: The findings may have implications for the development of new therapies and biomarkers for DN, and for a good interpretation of the complex pathophysiology of T2DM. The exact role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of DN in humans is not fully understood, and further investigation is needed.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131109951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of different Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on the Production of Single Cell Biomass from Potato Peels","authors":"Hira Nadeem","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i01.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i01.22","url":null,"abstract":"Potato peel can be converted into various value-added compounds, such as enzymes, bio sorbents, biohydrogen, and biogas. Objective: To evaluate the influence of different Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on the Production of Single Cell Biomass from potato peels. Methods: The process of fermentation was carried out in mix broth with different concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, and different nitrogen sources to determine the effect of these factors on the production of SCP. Results: Maximum yield of dry cell biomass (0.251 and 0.245 g/100 ml) was achieved with organic nitrogen source peptone and inorganic nitrogen source ammonium sulphate, respectively. Ammonium sulphate is more suitable to use as peptone is expensive organic nitrogen source. Next optimization of nitrogen concentration was done with ammonium sulphate with different concentrations and best yield (0.190 g/100 ml) was obtained with 1.5% nitrogen concentration. Conclusions: In conclusion, the study suggests that ammonium sulphate is a more suitable nitrogen source than peptone for maximizing the yield of dry cell biomass. Additionally, optimization of nitrogen concentration with ammonium sulphate showed that a 1.5% concentration is the best for achieving the highest yield. These findings have important implications for improving the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of industrial-scale production of dry cell biomass","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123844297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VEGF Gene Polymorphism Among Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy","authors":"Samra Anees, S. Shareef, Muhammad Roman, S. Jahan","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i01.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i01.19","url":null,"abstract":"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major angiogenic factor and a prime regulator of endothelial cell proliferation. VEGF gene is located on chromosome 6 (6p21.3). Objectives: To determine whether deletion at -2549 position of promoter region of the VEGF gene exert influence on the development of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Diseased and control subjects were selected for blood sampling. The blood samples (n=50) was taken from diabetic retinopathy patients and blood samples(n=50) was taken from type 2 diabetes mellitus patients as control group. After DNA extraction Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed to amplify the VEGF gene and sequencing was commercially done for molecular analysis of VEGF gene. Results: The molecular analysis confirmed that deletion at -2549 position of the promoter region of VEGF significantly greater in DR group. 2-11 % deletion was examined at -2549 position of promoter region of VEGF. The DD genotype was responsible for the development of DR. Conclusions: This study indicates that DD gene mutation and D allele is an autonomous hazard aspect for the advancement and progression of retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes, additionally different issues for example diabetic age and family ancestry of diabetes assumes key function in the advancement of retinopathy in diabetic patients.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134227149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater Treatment Using Biotechnological Approach","authors":"H. Kausar","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i01.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i01.12","url":null,"abstract":"Hazardous chemicals are forming at an accelerating rate due to a growing global population, necessitating ecological response. Wastewater management and treatment is a costly operation that needs the right technological integration to make it more practical and affordable. Algae are highly sought-after as potential feedstocks for a variety of applications, such as sustainability of environmental, the generation of bioproducts with high-worth, and the manufacturing of biofuels. One technique to reduce wastewater contamination is microalgae bioremediation. The demand for effective greenhouse gas reduction, wastewater treatment biomass reuse and nutrient recovery, has spurred a major concern in the microalgae use of wastewater treatment. Algal biomass can also be used to produce high-value bioproducts and bioenergy. Researchers from all over the world have investigated the use of microalgae for food additives, biofuels, and the production of bioactive and medicinal compounds. The commercial use of algae is now prohibited by technological and financial constraints, and efficient downstream processes are required to lower production costs. Therefore, using microalgae for both biofuel generation and wastewater treatment simultaneously could be a cost-effective way to solve both problems [1]. \u0000A different method is to use native bacteriophages as markers to detect the existence of enteric viruses of human, taking into account the bacteriophages. Native bacteriophages in particular share many characteristics with enteric viruses of human, including composition, size, structure, and replication-related elements. For instance, bacteriophages e.g FRNA have an isoelectric point (IEP) of 3.9and dimensions of about 25 nm and, which are related to those of the enterovirus (human) and hepatitis A virus (both of which have sizes of 22–30 nm and IEPs of 4.0–6.4). (IEP 2.8, 27e28 nm). Importantly, the technology used in bacteriophage assays is the quickest and least expensive for identifying human enteric viruses. Researchers are actively striving to quantitatively examine the link between human enteric viruses and native bacteriophages in order to determine the best indicator and improve prediction accuracy. Nevertheless, contrasting assumptions have emerged from the published investigations. The elimination of human pathogenic waterborne viruses, particularly enteric viruses of human, is a crucial factor to consider when assessing the efficiency of membrane treatment in the production of wastewater and drinking water [2]. \u0000An effective method for treating spent water that uses little energy is deammonification, which combines partial nitridation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation. Since the 1990s, when Anammox bacteria were first found, numerous full-scale side stream deammonification units handling high-ammonia used water have been operating successfully. However, there haven't been many reports of this method being utilized extensively to treat municipal waste wa","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"34 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113958273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion of Potato Peels into Single Cell Protein","authors":"Hira Nadeem","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v1i02.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v1i02.26","url":null,"abstract":"The economic expansion in developing countries can be achieved by converting their low cost industrial and agricultural wastes into more valuable resultants with the help of emerging scientific approaches. Objective: to produce single cell protein from microorganism (fungus) through the process of submerged fermentation utilizing the agro-industrial waste (potato peel) as substrate. Methods: Four broths (control, glucose broth, potato peel broth and mix broth) were prepared. The maximum dry cell biomass (0.523 g/100 ml) was obtained with mix broth which was unitized for further research. All the broths were supplemented with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride, and yeast extract. Result: The growth of fungal biomass in stirred tank and bubble column fermenter was compared and optimum yield was obtained with bubble column fermenter (5.45 g/100ml). This bioconversion will not only supply protein rich food but also help in control of environmental pollution. Conclusion: It is concluded that potato peels can be an attractive substrate for the production of single cell protein as they are good source of sugar and other nutrients required for the support of microorganisms","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116925473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Biotechnology on Agriculture and Food Production: A Promising Future","authors":"Muhammad Akram Tariq","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v1i02.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v1i02.11","url":null,"abstract":"Biotechnology has been playing a crucial role in the advancement of agriculture and food production for many years. The integration of cutting-edge technologies such as genetic engineering, molecular biology, and robotics has allowed for the development of new and improved methods for growing crops, producing livestock, and processing food. These innovations have the potential to revolutionize the way we produce food, making it more sustainable, efficient, and accessible for all. \u0000One of the key benefits of biotechnology in agriculture is the ability to develop crops that are more resilient to pests, disease, and environmental stressors. For example, genetically modified crops have been developed that are resistant to herbicides, which reduces the need for harmful chemicals in agriculture. This not only benefits the environment, but it also reduces the cost of production and increases the yield of crops. Additionally, genetically modified crops that are resistant to drought and extreme weather conditions can be grown in areas where traditional crops would not thrive, increasing food security in these regions [1]. \u0000Another significant impact of biotechnology on agriculture is the ability to produce crops with enhanced nutritional content. For example, crops such as rice and cassava have been modified to include increased levels of essential vitamins and minerals, providing a solution to micronutrient deficiencies in many parts of the world [2]. This technology has the potential to improve the health and well-being of millions of people, especially in developing countries where access to nutritious food is limited. \u0000The advancements in biotechnology have also had a positive impact on food production by improving processing methods and increasing the shelf life of food products. Biotechnology has allowed for the development of new food preservation techniques that keep food fresh for longer periods of time, reducing food waste and making food more accessible for consumers. Additionally, biotechnology has been used to improve the quality of food products by reducing spoilage, enhancing flavor, and improving texture. \u0000Despite the numerous benefits of biotechnology in agriculture and food production, there are also concerns that need to be addressed. For example, there is a growing concern about the potential health risks associated with consuming genetically modified crops. Additionally, there are concerns about the impact of biotechnology on traditional agriculture practices and the livelihoods of small farmers in developing countries. \u0000In conclusion, the impact of biotechnology on agriculture and food production is both promising and complex. While it has the potential to revolutionize the way we produce food, making it more sustainable, efficient, and accessible, it is important to consider the potential drawbacks and ethical implications of these technologies. As we move forward, it will be crucial for policymakers, researchers, and the public to ","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123362198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteus vulgaris Response to Various Antibacterial Agents","authors":"Arwa Saud Abbas, Hafiz Shahzad Muzammil, Hina Asif","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v1i02.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v1i02.9","url":null,"abstract":"Proteus vulgaris is commonly associated with urinary tract infections, wound infections and sepsis. The ability of microorganisms to resist antibiotic actions is referred to as antibiotic resistance. Objective: To compare the antibacterial effects of various medications on clinical isolates of P. vulgaris was the goal. Methods: Over the course of a year, 1000 samples were collected in a cross-sectional study at a hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique was used to test for antibiotic susceptibility. Results: It was determined that the most efficient antibacterial medicines against P. vulgaris. were Imipenem, Gentamycin, Amikacin, Augmentin, Linezolid, Levofloxacin, Ceftazidime, Norfloxacine, and Cefazolin. On the other hand, Meropenem, Cephalothin, Rifampicin, Cefoxitin, and Ampicillin had little effect on Proteus vulgaris. Conclusions: The study emphasizes the significance of preventative measures, such as responsible antibiotic use, the development of novel treatments, and the application of infection control techniques in healthcare settings, to effectively manage and prevent the spread of resistance. Antibiotic resistance in P. vulgaris is becoming a growing cause for concern.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123503569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}