Futuristic Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"In Silico Assessment of Post Translational Modifications Caused by NRAS Gene SNPs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","authors":"M. Aslam, Afia Muhammad Akram, Asma I Tahir, Khansa Jamil","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v3i01.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v3i01.33","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a blood cancer and a malignant disorder of the bone marrow in which hematopoietic precursors are ceased at an early stage of development, preventing them from differentiating. The NRAS gene plays a vital role in regulating cell division. The mutation in this gene leads to an increased activity of the RAS pathway, increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis rates which causes AML. Objective: To identify the deleterious SNPs involved in AML and to further analyze them using bioinformatics tools. Methods: The missense nsSNPs (Q61H, Q61L, G13V, G13R, and G12A) of NRAS were retrieved from NCBI databases. Results: Using in silico analysis, it was found that these pathogenic SNPs could disrupt the protein stability. These mutations were present in the conserved region and had the potential to significantly alter the protein's secondary structure and impair its functionality. The structural effect of mutations was observed by generating 3D models. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins refers to the chemical modifications that occur after a protein is formed to make it functionally capable. Analyzing PTMs via in silico analysis revealed that missense mutations affect protein functionality. The level of methylation was significantly high in AML patients. These SNPs might affect additional proteins which are functionally associated. Conclusions: The highlighted SNPs could be suitable targets for future research on proteins, biological markers, and medical diagnosis.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115798640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sesquiterpene Lactones as Potential Cyclin B1/CDK1 Complex Inhibitors","authors":"Aqsa Zaman, Zoufishan Yousaf, Sameena Gul, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Khan","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v3i01.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v3i01.38","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is second most common cause of death globally. Uncontrolled regulation of cell cycle may cause various cancerous anomalies. Objective: To Identify of Sesquiterpene Lactones (SLs) as inhibitors of Cyclin B1 (CB1) and Cyclin Dependent Kinase 1 (CDK1) complex. Methods: Checkpoints proteins (CDK1/CB1) of G2/M phase have been assessed with three SLs (ilicol, eucalyptone and ascleposide E) through molecular docking study. AutoDock Vina (ADV), PyMol version-2.5.2 and BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2021 was used for the visualization of docking analysis. Results: Outcomes of the current investigations reveal that ascleposide E exhibit the highest binding affinity of -7.1 kcal/mol (with inhibition constant of 5.9 µM) with CDK1 and CB1. Both potential complexes have shown good hydrogen bond interactions. Drug likeness of selected drug candidates were validated by ADMET analysis and Lipinski’s rule of 5. Conclusions: Present study concluded that Ascleposide E have greater inhibition potential against CB1/CDK1 protein complex by making hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, this selected compound showed favorable drug likeness profiling. To validate the inhibitory activity of Ascleposide E to greater extent, further in vitro investigations are recommended to develop this compound into novel G2/M phase inhibitors.   ","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129931454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR-Cas9: The Future of Precision Genome Engineering","authors":"Muhammad Akram Tariq","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v3i01.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v3i01.35","url":null,"abstract":"CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, has garnered significant attention in the scientific community and beyond. This innovative technology holds immense promise for precision genome engineering, enabling scientists to modify DNA with unprecedented accuracy. The potential applications of CRISPR-Cas9 are vast, ranging from treating genetic disorders to enhancing agricultural crops. As we delve into the era of personalized medicine and genetic advancements, CRISPR-Cas9 emerges as a game-changer in the field of biotechnology. At the core of CRISPR-Cas9 lies its ability to precisely target and edit specific genes within the genome. This powerful tool utilizes RNA molecules as guides to direct the Cas9 enzyme to the desired DNA sequence, where it makes precise cuts. By introducing modifications or repairs to the DNA at these targeted sites, researchers can potentially correct genetic mutations responsible for diseases. The ability to edit the human genome with such precision offers hope for treating previously incurable genetic disorders and improving patient outcomes. \u0000Moreover, CRISPR-Cas9 has implications beyond human health. It has the potential to revolutionize agriculture by enhancing crop resistance to pests, improving yields, and reducing the need for harmful pesticides. By modifying specific genes in plants, scientists can develop crops that are more resilient to environmental stressors, ultimately contributing to global food security and sustainability efforts. Despite its immense potential, CRISPR-Cas9 also raises ethical considerations and concerns. The technology's power to edit the human germline raises questions about the potential for unintended consequences and the need for responsible use. The scientific community and policymakers must engage in thoughtful discussions and establish guidelines to ensure the ethical and responsible implementation of CRISPR-Cas9. \u0000CRISPR-Cas9 represents a landmark advancement in precision genome engineering, offering unprecedented opportunities to reshape the future of healthcare and agriculture. By harnessing its potential, we can envision a world where previously untreatable genetic diseases are curable, crops are more resilient and productive, and our understanding of the genetic basis of life is deepened. However, as we embrace the future of CRISPR-Cas9, it is crucial to navigate the ethical implications and ensure responsible use to maximize the benefits and minimize potential risks. The potential of this transformative technology is immense, and its impact on society will be profound.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127275818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizosphere: An Ideal Site for PGPR Screening","authors":"Ambreen Ahmed, A. Tariq","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v3i01.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v3i01.32","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizosphere is the thin layer of soil surrounding plant roots and play important role in plant-bacterial interactions. This rhizospheric region around plant roots is an area rich in plant growth promoting bacteria. These plant-associated bacteria usually promote plant growth through various direct or indirect mechanisms including phosphorous solubilization, phytohormone production, nitrogen fixation, iron sequestration via siderophores and production of extracellular polymeric substances etc. PGPR modify root system of plants by the production of various phytohormones which facilitate the uptake of nutrients from soil more efficiently resulting in enhanced plant growth. Objective: To study the growth conditions of bacterial isolates. Methods:  In the current study, rhizobacterial isolates have been isolated from indigenous environment and characterized macroscopically, microscopically, and biochemically. These isolates have been biochemically identified using Bergey’s Manual of systematic bacteriology and using ABIS 7 online software and evaluated for their various growth promoting attributes. Results: AS2 was identified as Bacillus sp., while AS3 and AS4 were identified as Pseudomonas sp. All three strains exhibited auxin production, nitrogen fixation, and HCN production capabilities. However, AS4 lacked ammonification and zinc solubilization potential, and AS3 lacked ACC deaminase activity. Conclusions: It is concluded that these bacterial isolates have ability to promote plant growth. These bacterial isolates can be further used for plant stimulating agents for sustainable agriculture practices.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115688059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Peach Juice as Substrate for Lactobacillus casei to Develop Probiotic Beverage","authors":"Sehrish Parveen, Q. Ain","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v3i01.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v3i01.37","url":null,"abstract":"The probiotic L. casei is proved to be very effective against pathogenic microorganisms. Peach fruit is a packed with bundle of nutrients which can be utilized for medicinal purpose i.e. anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammation, improve vision and to treat cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To develop peach based probiotic beverage. Methods: Peach pulp were fermented at different temperature using probiotic Lactobacillus casei to develop peach based probiotic beverage. The developed beverage was then examined for physicochemical, microbial and sensory characteristics. The obtained data was subjected to the statistical analysis. Results: The pH, sugar acid ratio, total soluble solids and total sugars decreased significantly throughout the storage period whereas acidity, total plate count and total probiotic count was increased significantly. Total plate count and probiotic count ranged from 5.27 to 9.83 CFU/mL and 8.29 to 12.68 CFU/mL, respectively. As the sensory properties of developed beverage are concerned; color, taste, flavor, odor and overall acceptability decreased significantly throughout storage period. The T2 was assigned maximum scores by the panelists for the sensory characteristics. Conclusions: It was concluded that peach based probiotic beverage can be developed by using isolated Lactobacillus casei.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":" 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120832592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Anti-Hypertensive Drug Atenolol on Liver Function by Evaluating ALT levels","authors":"Maria Fareed Siddiqui, Mehreen Rasheed, Ahmad Alwazzan, S. Sarwar","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v3i01.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v3i01.36","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is one of the major causes of cardiovascular and renal pathologies and it is mainly characterized by high blood pressure in blood vessels. Many drugs have been developed to treat hypertension, but these drugs have several side effects. Atenolol belongs to the beta blocker drug class and is used to treat hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. It is an anti-beta-adrenergic agent which inhibits beta receptors in the heart to decrease blood pressure. It has several side effects including hepatic dysfunctions. Objective: To analyze the effects of atenolol on hepatic dysfunction by evaluating the ALT level in patients taking either atenolol alone or in combination with other hypertensive drugs. Methods: The change in ALT levels were measured upon treatment of atenolol alone or in combination with other anti-hypertensive drugs. Out of selected 80 patients, 43 had been taking atenolol alone, 37 were taking atenolol in combination with other anti-hypertensive drugs and 20 were healthy controls. Micro-laboratory tests were performed for measuring the ALT levels. Results: Atenolol did not affect the ALT levels of any group, neither alone nor in combination with other hypertensive drugs. Conclusions: Atenolol may cause hepatic dysfunction but according to this study it does not cause change in ALT level of blood and ALT is not elevated in all liver dysfunction as have been reported earlier so it didn’t diminish the chance of effect of atenolol on liver functions. Further this study may be employed on larger patient groups for strengthening the outcomes of this study.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121683089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Implication of Hepatic Phosphatases in Hyperthyroidism","authors":"Maria Fareed Siddiqui, M. Raza, Muhammad Mohsin Aftab","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i02.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i02.20","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid hormones significantly affect the proper growth, development and functioning of liver. It has been seen that the drugs indicated for thyroid abnormalities also cause troubles in liver function. Objective: To check the effect of thyroid abnormality on liver function. Methods: Patients were recruited from Center of Nuclear Medicine and examined for their thyroid status and liver functions. Results: The results obtained through biochemical tests for potential biomarkers were further explored through statistical analysis which showed the strong correlation between disturbed function of thyroid gland and liver working. Any variation in thyroid function brings change in liver functioning. Conclusions: Therefore, while treating thyroid patients, combination therapy must be recommended to effectively treat the associated disorder and increasing the better social and psychological status of the patient.  Furthermore, patients coming with thyroid dysfunction must also be examined for liver abnormalities so that culprit cause of this thyroid abnormality could be treated from the root if present.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130068411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Biotechnology and Bioremediation","authors":"Fridoon Jawad Ahmed","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i02.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i02.13","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial biotechnology is a rapidly growing field that leverages the abilities of microorganisms for practical applications. From producing biofuels to removing pollutants, microorganisms play a crucial role in shaping our world. Bioremediation is one of the most promising applications of microbial biotechnology, using microorganisms to clean up contaminated sites and restore ecosystems. The impact of human activities has led to widespread pollution, and traditional methods of remediation are often expensive, time-consuming, and not environmentally friendly. Microbial biotechnology offers a sustainable and cost-effective alternative. \u0000  \u0000Bioremediation can be performed using indigenous microorganisms or by introducing specific strains of microorganisms that are capable of breaking down contaminants. These microorganisms use the pollutants as a source of energy and nutrients, transforming them into harmless substances. This process not only cleans up the site, but it also helps to restore the natural ecosystem and biodiversity. The field of microbial biotechnology has made significant progress in recent years, with advancements in molecular biology and genomics enabling a deeper understanding of microorganisms and their capabilities. The development of new bioremediation techniques has allowed for the efficient removal of a wide range of contaminants, including heavy metals, oil and other petroleum products, and toxic organic compounds. These techniques have proven to be effective in treating contaminated soil, groundwater, and surface water [1]. \u0000  \u0000However, the implementation of bioremediation techniques is not without its challenges. One of the biggest challenges is identifying the most effective strains of microorganisms for a specific contamination site. The environmental conditions, such as pH, temperature, and nutrient levels, can have a significant impact on the efficacy of bioremediation. Furthermore, the presence of multiple contaminants can complicate the process, requiring the use of multiple strains of microorganisms. Despite these challenges, the benefits of bioremediation, including sustainability and cost-effectiveness, make it a promising solution for cleaning up contaminated sites. \u0000  \u0000The impact of microbial biotechnology and bioremediation goes beyond just environmental remediation. By leveraging the abilities of microorganisms, we can also contribute to the development of new and innovative technologies. For example, biorefineries are being developed to produce biofuels, bioplastics, and other bioproducts using sustainable processes. This not only helps to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels, but it also helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable development. \u0000  \u0000Microbial biotechnology and bioremediation are critical fields that offer solutions to some of the biggest environmental challenges facing our world. With continued investment and research, we can develop and implement more effective and sustain","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128955324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VEGF Genotype and Allele Frequency of Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic retinopathy in Lahore, Pakistan","authors":"Samra Anees, S. Shareef, Muhammad Roman, S. Jahan","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i02.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i02.18","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic retinopathy is characterized as basement membrane (BM) thickening, pericyte loss, endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, microaneurysms, microvascular infarcts and neovascularization in a patient with diabetic retinopathy. Objectives: To determine the VEGF genotype and allele frequency of diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: A total of 100 blood samples were taken including diabetes mellitus (50) and diabetic retinopathy patients (50). Diseased and control subjects were selected for blood sampling. Demographic and clinical characteristics was evaluated. The BMI, HbA1c and the blood pressure of both groups were also examined. The VEGF genotype and allele frequency of diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy was done. The statistical analysis was done by chi-square test and SPSS to study significant differences in control and diabetic retinopathy subjects. Results: The normal estimation of DM group was 46.18 ± 1.23 years while of DR class was 52.86 ± 1.36 years. The mean value of BMI of DM group was 26.0±0.62 while of DR group was 26.57±0.70. \u0000DD genetic mutation was substantially higher in diabetic retinopathy bunch (p<0.05) relative to the II gene mutation, the huge contrasts (p<0.05) were seen in diabetic group. Conclusions: This study concluded that Vascular endothelial growth factor gene was detected in both group of diabetes. In retinopathy people with T2DM the substantial elevated VEGF DD genetic variation was seen relative to retinopathy people without diabetes.","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129639156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Livestock, Pakistan","authors":"Maham Yamin, U. Farooq, Muhammad Qasim, M. Khalid, A. Javed","doi":"10.54393/fbt.v2i02.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v2i02.14","url":null,"abstract":"Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) is among the deadly human pathogens which cause a highly lethal haemorrhagic fever. CCHFV, a high-priority zoonotic pathogen is distributed widely and is transmitted in a vertical transmission cycle through these animals. Humans get infected by an infected tick bite, contact with viremic livestock blood, and through nosocomial route. Several CCHFV outbreaks have been reported for the past 2 decades in Pakistan and the virus has emerged in previously non-endemic regions as well. It is important to screen animals for CCHFV through an efficient diagnostic assay to prevent the viral zoonotic spill over to humans. Objectives: To screen the presence of CCHFV in sera collected from cattle, goat, and sheep in various regions in Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and Sindh through a pre-established IgG ELISA assay. Methods: A recombinant nucleoprotein (rNP) of CCHFV was used to capture the anti CCFHV IgG antibodies in the animal sera. Results: Among 164 animals tested, 65% (103/164) showed the presence of IgG CCHFV antibodies. From the total 103 animals tested positive, 14.5 % (CI 0-28.2%) were cattle, 63.7% (CI 38.5-60.3%) were goats and 42% (CI 24.4-48.8%) were sheep. Conclusions: High seroprevalence of the CCHFV was expected from these areas as numerous cases of CCHFV have been reported previously. Since no commercial tests are available for the detection of CCHFV-specific antibodies in animals, this IgG ELISA test can be used to screen the animals in areas at risk such as those that have the presence of permissive ticks","PeriodicalId":114319,"journal":{"name":"Futuristic Biotechnology","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127627759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}