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Human inborn errors of type I interferon–independent intrinsic immunity in nonleukocytic cells 非白细胞细胞I型干扰素非依赖性固有免疫的先天性错误
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102651
Shen-Ying Zhang , Jean-Laurent Casanova , András N Spaan
{"title":"Human inborn errors of type I interferon–independent intrinsic immunity in nonleukocytic cells","authors":"Shen-Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Jean-Laurent Casanova ,&nbsp;András N Spaan","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>‘Intrinsic immunity’ is often used to refer to mechanisms of host defense operating in nonleukocytic cells. This term can refer to the intrinsic capacity of an individual cell to fend off invading microbes without help from other cells or of a group of similar cells to fend off invading microbes without help from other cell types. The intrinsic capacity of individual cells to defend themselves against invading microbes without assistance has received little attention and is the topic of this review. We also focus on nonleukocytic cells and on humans, the only species in which intrinsic immunity has been shown by genetic means to be essential for homeostasis in natural conditions at whole-body level. We review recent progress in our understanding of the type I interferon–independent intrinsic immunity of individual nonleukocytic cells, as inferred from human inborn errors of intrinsic immunity manifesting as infection or autoinflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102651"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenges in diagnosis of sarcoidosis 结节病诊断的挑战
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102652
Karol Bączek , Wojciech J Piotrowski , Francesco Bonella
{"title":"Challenges in diagnosis of sarcoidosis","authors":"Karol Bączek ,&nbsp;Wojciech J Piotrowski ,&nbsp;Francesco Bonella","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of review</h3><div>Diagnosing sarcoidosis remains challenging. Histology findings and a variable clinical presentation can mimic other infectious, malignant, and autoimmune diseases. This review synthesizes current evidence on histopathology, sampling techniques, imaging modalities, and biomarkers and explores how emerging ‘omics’ and artificial intelligence tools may sharpen diagnostic accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Recent findings</h3><div>Within the typical granulomatous lesions, limited or ‘burned-out’ necrosis is an ancillary finding, which can be present in up to one-third of sarcoid biopsies, and demands a careful differential diagnostic work-up. Endobronchial ultrasound–guided transbronchial needle aspiration of lymph nodes has replaced mediastinoscopy as first-line sampling tool, while cryobiopsy is still under validation. Volumetric PET metrics such as total lung glycolysis and somatostatin-receptor tracers refine activity assessment; combined FDG PET/MRI improves detection of occult cardiac disease. Advanced bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) immunophenotyping via flow cytometry and serum, BAL, and genetic biomarkers show to correlate with inflammatory burden but have low diagnostic value. Multi-omics signatures and Positron Emission Tomography with Computer Tomography radiomics, supported by deep-learning algorithms, show promising results for noninvasive diagnostic confirmation, phenotyping, and disease monitoring.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>No single test is conclusive for diagnosing sarcoidosis. An integrated, multidisciplinary strategy is needed. Large, multicenter, and multiethnic studies are essential to translate and validate data from emerging AI tools and -omics research into clinical routine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102652"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Roles of endothelial cells during infection 内皮细胞在感染过程中的作用
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102648
Zihan Ma , Richard W Pierce , Carrie L Lucas , Clara Abraham , Carlos Fernandez-Hernando , Dan Jane-wit
{"title":"Roles of endothelial cells during infection","authors":"Zihan Ma ,&nbsp;Richard W Pierce ,&nbsp;Carrie L Lucas ,&nbsp;Clara Abraham ,&nbsp;Carlos Fernandez-Hernando ,&nbsp;Dan Jane-wit","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endothelial cells (ECs) integrate immune and vascular functions to promote host defense against pathogens. While previously studied as forming passive flow conduits, ECs are now recognized as active contributors to maladaptive inflammation. During acute infection, ECs may promote tissue pathologies, including hypoxia, acidosis, electrolyte disturbances, and capillary barrier breakdown. These pathologies significantly contribute to organ dysfunction and septic shock. In chronic vascular infection, ECs may promote loss of vascular quiescence, contributing to vascular malformations and vaso-occlusive lesions. In this review, we discuss the interplay between the immune and vascular roles of blood ECs, an emerging area of interest with therapeutic implications. While previously overlooked, therapies targeting dysregulation of EC function(s) may show clinical benefit towards improving outcomes related to both acute and chronic forms of infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102648"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transfusion-related acute lung injury: experimental models to study pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies 输血相关性急性肺损伤：实验模型研究发病机制和治疗策略
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102650
Farahnaz Rayatdoost , Rick Kapur
{"title":"Transfusion-related acute lung injury: experimental models to study pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies","authors":"Farahnaz Rayatdoost ,&nbsp;Rick Kapur","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a life-threatening complication of blood transfusion, with mortality rates exceeding 40% in critically ill patients. Despite its clinical severity, TRALI pathogenesis remains unclear, leaving clinicians struggling to fully understand and manage it due to its unpredictable onset, complex causes, and lack of available treatments. Recent advances in experimental models, including <em>in vitro</em>, <em>ex vivo</em>, and <em>in vivo</em> models, have revealed novel mechanisms such as neutrophil extracellular trap formation, gut–microbiota crosstalk, and endothelial and neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species, as well as some preclinical therapeutic advancements. This review synthesizes mechanistic insights from experimental models, critically evaluates their translational applicability, and proposes a roadmap for personalized prevention strategies, including biomarker-driven transfusion protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102650"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging novel therapies for steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: recent advances and future directions 类固醇难治性急性移植物抗宿主病的新疗法：最新进展和未来方向
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102649
Yishan Ye , Wenjing Hao , Florent Malard , Mohamad Mohty
{"title":"Emerging novel therapies for steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: recent advances and future directions","authors":"Yishan Ye ,&nbsp;Wenjing Hao ,&nbsp;Florent Malard ,&nbsp;Mohamad Mohty","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a significant complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), characterized by immune-mediated tissue damage from donor immune cells. Standard treatment of aGVHD involves systemic corticosteroids, but many patients do not respond adequately, with 30%–50% of patients being steroid refractory (SR-aGVHD) leading to poor outcomes. This highlights the need for effective second-line therapies. Ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor, has emerged as a key treatment, demonstrating superior overall response rates in SR-aGVHD compared to best available therapies. However, resistance and intolerance to ruxolitinib necessitate exploring novel and combination therapies such as apraglutide, neihulizumab, and other targeted agents, which have shown promising results in clinical trials. Additionally, nonpharmacologic approaches, including microbiotherapy, mesenchymal stromal cells, or alpha-1 antitrypsin, are also being investigated for their immunomodulatory potential. The future direction is to develop personalized treatment strategies that incorporate biomarkers and diverse therapeutic modalities. The aim is to enhance disease management, aiming for sustainable control and improved quality of life in patients facing the challenges of SR-aGVHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102649"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
B-cell antigen presentation in central nervous system autoimmunity b细胞抗原在中枢神经系统自身免疫中的表现
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102647
Carson E Moseley , Joseph J Sabatino Jr , Scott S Zamvil
{"title":"B-cell antigen presentation in central nervous system autoimmunity","authors":"Carson E Moseley ,&nbsp;Joseph J Sabatino Jr ,&nbsp;Scott S Zamvil","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of B cells in central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity was initially highlighted by successful clinical trials of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in multiple sclerosis (MS). Research in MS as well as in aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG<sup>+</sup> neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disorder (MOGAD) has expanded our appreciation of the contribution of B cells in multiple CNS autoimmune diseases. B cells have multiple functions in the initiation and propagation of CNS autoimmunity that extend beyond autoantibody production, including bidirectional interactions with T cells via B-cell antigen presentation. A deeper understanding of the cooperation between B cells and T cells in MS, NMO, and MOGAD should permit the development of more effective therapies across CNS autoimmune disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102647"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From metabolomics to transfusion-associated immunomodulation 从代谢组学到输血相关免疫调节
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102646
Angelo D’Alessandro , James C Zimring
{"title":"From metabolomics to transfusion-associated immunomodulation","authors":"Angelo D’Alessandro ,&nbsp;James C Zimring","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of review</h3><div>This review summarizes recent advances in metabolomics that have enhanced our understanding of transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM), highlighting how biochemical changes in stored blood products — with a focus on packed red blood cells — affect recipient immune responses.</div></div><div><h3>Recent findings</h3><div>Metabolomics has revealed critical biochemical shifts — termed storage lesions — in blood products, notably accumulation of oxidized lipids, extracellular vesicles, and hemolysis-derived molecules, such as free heme and iron. These metabolites influence recipient immunity by triggering both inflammatory and immunosuppressive pathways, mediated through mechanisms involving redox imbalance, inflammasome activation, and modulation of immune cell metabolism. Studies underscore that the immunological outcomes of transfusions are shaped not only by storage duration but also by donor-specific metabolic profiles influenced by genetics, diet, and environmental exposures. Metabolic profiling has identified novel biomarkers, such as hypoxanthine and kynurenine, which correlate with transfusion quality and immunological impact.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>Metabolomics has transformed our understanding of TRIM, emphasizing that transfusion is an active biochemical intervention rather than passive fluid replacement. Moving forward, integrating metabolomic insights into transfusion medicine promises personalized strategies — selecting blood units based on metabolic rather than chronological age and donor characteristics — thus improving safety and clinical outcomes in transfusion recipients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102646"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent progress in understanding of allergic transfusion reaction 过敏性输血反应的最新研究进展
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102644
Fumiya Hirayama , Ayumu Kuroishi , Nobuki Matsuyama , Kazuta Yasui , Yoshihiro Takihara
{"title":"Recent progress in understanding of allergic transfusion reaction","authors":"Fumiya Hirayama ,&nbsp;Ayumu Kuroishi ,&nbsp;Nobuki Matsuyama ,&nbsp;Kazuta Yasui ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Takihara","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allergic transfusion reactions (ATRs) are among the most common adverse nonhemolytic transfusion reactions. However, since ATR is diagnosed based only on clinical observations, contrary to other allergic diseases, the causal relationship between a given ATR and the corresponding transfusion remains ambiguous in most cases. Although the prevailing theory suggests that immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated type I allergies are the primary cause of ATRs, the IgE-mediated pathway has rarely been demonstrated. Furthermore, despite accumulating reports suggesting the role of allergic predispositions to food and inhaled antigens, the etiology of ATR has yet to be fully elucidated. The recent introduction of the basophil activation test (BAT) and passive immune BAT into transfusion medicine has provided novel insights into these issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102644"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microbial regulation of serotonin and neuroimmune interactions 微生物调节血清素和神经免疫相互作用
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102639
Lewis W Yu , Elaine Y Hsiao
{"title":"Microbial regulation of serotonin and neuroimmune interactions","authors":"Lewis W Yu ,&nbsp;Elaine Y Hsiao","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and neuroimmune system is essential during host–microbiome interactions. Recent research has begun to unravel microbiome–neuroimmune crosstalk and suggest classical neurochemicals as key molecular players. Serotonin, a tryptophan-derived neurochemical found across the kingdom of life, is increasingly recognized as an important effector molecule central to interkingdom communication. Here, we focus on serotonin as a key factor for microbiome–neuroimmune interaction. We briefly summarize the serotonergic system and the role of the gut microbiome in regulating serotonin bioavailability, which leads to downstream effects on neuroimmune responses and microbial fitness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102639"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Potential immune consequences of cold-stored platelet transfusion 冷藏血小板输注的潜在免疫后果
IF 5.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102645
Kimberly A Thomas , Rachael P Jackman
{"title":"Potential immune consequences of cold-stored platelet transfusion","authors":"Kimberly A Thomas ,&nbsp;Rachael P Jackman","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2025.102645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising interest in using cold-stored platelets (CSP) for improving outcomes in patients with active bleeding has led to multiple clinical trials with the goal of determining the <em>in vivo</em> hemostatic efficacy of CSP compared to standard-of-care room temperature–stored platelets. These trials are concentrated predominantly on safety and hemostatic efficacy measurements in response to therapeutic transfusion with CSP, with safety focused on the usual immune-mediated adverse reactions associated with transfusion, such as allergic and alloimmune reactions. However, given the established relationship between thrombosis and inflammation/immune activation as seen in atherosclerosis, autoimmune disease, and infection (to include the recent COVID-19 pandemic), the goal of this review is to highlight additional mechanisms by which CSP may potentiate or dampen immune activity in the context of therapeutic CSP transfusion in actively bleeding patients, thus highlighting areas of future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102645"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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