Current Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Adaptive Evolution in the Mammalian Gut Microbiota: Insights and Discoveries.","authors":"Limin Wei, Yue Peng, Jingxin Mao, Qing Hu","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04516-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04516-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota is inextricably linked to the host over a long evolutionary process, and the mammalian gut microbiota is the result of the interaction between bacterial species and the host. It plays a vital role in the digestion and absorption of the host, nutrient metabolism, and immune regulation, and the host genetics, diet, age, antibiotic use, and other factors can also cause changes in the gut microbiota. Natural selection serves to maintain a stable dynamic balance between the gut microbiota and the host over an extended period, and the symbiotic system formed by the microbiota and the host under this dynamic equilibrium can clearly indicate the transmission mode of the gut microbiota during the evolutionary process. Hence, the function, influencing factors, and recent advances in the evolution of the gut microbiota in mammals were reviewed, which provides a reference for a deeper understanding of the interaction between the gut microbiota and the host.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wuhapuella caenivorax gen. nov., sp. nov., a Novel Member of the Family Weeksellaceae, a Flocculent Bacteria Isolated from an Urban Sewage Treatment Plant.","authors":"Yangyang Sun, Qianzhi Wang, Shunda Qiu, Changcui Chen, Siqi Wu, Na Gao, Han Chen, Jun Yu, Chunlei Yang, Hao Li, Shijie Bai, Dongru Qiu, Jingcheng Dai","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04505-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04505-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Gram-stain-negative, flocculating strain A-14^T was isolated from the Wuhan wastewater treatment plant. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain A-14^T was most closely related to the family Weeksellaceae and, among genera, was most closely related to genus Daejeonia (Daejeonia ginsenosidivorans NP5^T, 95.54% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The orthologous average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity, and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between A-14^T and other species within the families Weeksellaceae and Flavobacteriaceae were 62.2-66.4%, 70.2-72.5%, and 18.0-34.7%, respectively. The growth temperature range was 10-40 °C (optimum 37 °C) and the pH ranged from 5.0 to 8.5 (optimum pH 7.0). The optimum NaCl concentration required for growth was 1% (w/v). Genomic G + C content was 40.9%. Chemotaxonomic analysis of strain A-14^T showed that the major respiratory quinone was MK-6, the predominant cellular fatty acids (more than 10% of total fatty acids) were iso-C_15:0, anteiso-C_15:0, and iso-C_17:0 3-OH, and the main polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), aminolipid (AL), and two unknown polar lipids. The functional analysis of the genome revealed potential genes associated with polyphosphate metabolism, suggesting the strain's capacity for polyphosphate accumulation. This suggests that the strain might be of potential value for the treatment of phosphorus-contaminated wastewater. Based on evidence from phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies, the newly isolated strain A-14^T represents a novel genus within the family Weeksellaceae, for which the name Wuhapuella caenivorax gen. nov., sp.nov. is proposed. The type strain is A-14^T (= MCCC 1K08965^T = KCTC 102291^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agromyces aerolatus sp. nov., an Actinobacterium Isolated from Air of Manufacturing Shop in a Pharmaceutical Factory.","authors":"Ming-Hui Song, Ning Zhang, Shi Shi, Wei He, Yu-Qin Zhang, Yun Teng, Yi-Ling Fan, Dao-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04503-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04503-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strains without flagellum, designated strains LY-1074^T and LY-1358, were isolated from a settling dish in manufacturing shop of a pharmaceutical factory in Shandong province, China. Both strains grew under aerobic conditions with temperature of 10-37 °C (optimal 28 °C), pH of 6.0-10.0 (optimal 8.0) and NaCl concentration of 0-3.0% (w/v) (optimal 0-1.0%). Both strains showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain Agromyces indicus NIO-1018^T, severally with the similarity of 97.5% and 98.0%, and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains LY-1074^T and LY-1358 had clear and independent taxonomic positions in the genus Agromyces. Chemotaxonomic analysis indicated that the main respiratory quinone of the two strains was MK-12, the major fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0, iso-C_15:0, iso-C_16:0 and anteiso-C_17:0, and the major polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and unidentified glycolipid (GL). The G + C contents of strains LY-1074^T and LY-1358 were both 71.0%. Strains LY-1074^T and LY-1358 demonstrated 100% digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values, unequivocally establishing their genomic conspecificity. In contrast, comparative genomic analysis against all available Agromyces genomes revealed significantly lower ANI and dDDH values (below the interspecific thresholds of 95% and 70%, respectively). According to the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic features, strains LY-1074^T and LY-1358 were considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Agromyces aerolatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain LY-1074^T (= GDMCC 1.60117^T = JCM 36371^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Insight for Improving Transglutaminase Production Through Combined HVCP and LiCl Mutagenesis in Streptomyces mobaraensis.","authors":"Tingting Chang, Ge Lian, Luyao Bian, Chong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04512-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04512-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transglutaminase (TGase) is widely used in food, medicine, textile, and other industries owing to its excellent ability to promote protein cross-linking. The growing demand urgently requires the improvement of TGase production. Streptomyces mobaraensis FETSm1 was subjected to complex mutagenesis by high-voltage atmospheric cold plasma (HVCP) in combination with the chemically assisted mutagen lithium chloride (LiCl), and then a mutant FETSm2 with a 140% increase in TGase activity (12 U/mL) was obtained. FETSm2 had higher intracellular ATP content, which promotes the metabolism of the cells. The expression of TGase in FETSm2 was twofold higher than that of FETSm1, while enhanced activase activity promoted pro-TGase activation, contributing to the eventual increased TGase production. The application of the CCD-RSM and GA-ANN models further enhanced TGase production. FETSm2 could achieve a 17.64 U/mL TGase activity at the optimal ratio of the peptone, MgSO₄, K₂HPO₄, which was 41.12% higher than the original fermentation medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Endophytes of Medicinal Plants: Applications and Recent Developments.","authors":"Minakshi Sharma, Gaurav Sood, Anjali Chauhan","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04499-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04499-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytic bacteria are endosymbionts that reside within plant tissues without causing apparent disease in the host. Bacteria employ various traits (lipopolysaccharides, flagella, pili, twitching motility, etc.) to colonize host plants. In this colonization process a variety of compounds released by plants in addition to bacteria play a key role in plant growth. Endophytes are in symbiotic association with their host plant and show beneficial effect on them using various direct and indirect mechanisms of plant growth promotion. In addition to plant growth promotion, endophytes also confer stress tolerance in the current scenario of climate change. Furthermore, endophytes have emerged as an important source of novel metabolites, enzymes of industrial importance and as stress alleviators of host plant, but still several features of endophytic associations are unknown. However, little is documented about plant growth-promoting endophytes (PGPE) of medicinal plants. Current review focused on the drivers of endophyte community structure with an attempt to relate it with plant growth promotion, its mechanisms and the current as well as future aspects of molecular techniques to reveal these communities. In-depth knowledge of the mechanism of host infection and role of endophytes could be exploited to enhance agricultural productivity in terms of plant growth promotion and biocontrol.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actinomadura opuntiae Sp. Nov., Isolated from a Soil of Cactus and the Reclassification of Actinomadura namibiensis Wink Et Al. 2003 as a Later Heterotypic Synonym of Actinomadura kijaniata Horan and Brodsky 1982.","authors":"Soon Dong Lee, Hong Lim Yang, In Seop Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04472-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04472-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel actinomycete, designated as strain OS1-43^T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) in Mara Island, Jeju, Republic of Korea and the taxonomic position was unraveled by a polyphasic approach. A 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis showed that strain OS1-43^T belonged to the genus Actinomadura and was closely associated with Actinomadura xylanilytica BK147^T. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics supported the affiliation of strain OS1-43^T to the genus Actinomadura. The calculation of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that strain OS1-43^T revealed the highest sequence identity with Actinomadura violacea LCR2-06^T (99.1%), followed by Actinomadura xylanilytica BK147^T (98.9%). Core gene-based phylogenomic tree revealed that strain OS1-43^T formed an independent lineage within the genus Actinomadura and well separated from representatives of this genus. The genome of strain OS1-43^T revealed the highest OrthoANIu and dDDH values with Actinomadura montaniterrae CYP1-1B^T (90.1 and 40%, respectively), followed by Actinomadura physcomitrii LD22^T (89.8 and 38.7%, respectively), Actinomadura nitritigenes L46^T (89.8 and 38.6%, respectively), and Actinomadura violacea LCR2-06^T (89.7 and 38.1%, respectively), albeit that the former three type strains showed low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (97.5-98.0%) with strain OS1-43^T. Based on the results of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, and the values of overall genomic relatedness indices, strain OS1-43^T (= KACC 19750^T = NBRC 114686^T) represents a new species of the genus Actinomadura, for which the name Actinomadura opuntiae sp. nov. is proposed. Also, the results of genome analysis in addition to similar phenotypic features support the reclassification of Actinomadura namibiensis Wink et al. 2003 as a later heterotypic synonym of Actinomadura kijaniata Horan and Brodsky 1982.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing Diversity in NRPS Gene Clusters Across Six Pathogenic Colletotrichum Species.","authors":"Mohammad Sayari, Majid Sharifi-Tehrani, Leila Shabani, Aria Dolatabadian, Fouad Daayf","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04440-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04440-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary metabolites play a crucial role in fungal survival and pathogenicity, with non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) serving as key enzymes in the biosynthesis of many of these essential compounds. This study aimed to investigate the diversity and evolutionary relationships of NRPS gene clusters across six Colletotrichum species to better understand their roles in fungal pathogenicity. Using a combination of genomic analyses, we identified 53 unique NRPS genes and clusters, including species-specific genes, and categorized them into distinct functional clades. Of the 53 unique NRPSs encoded by the 6 Colletotrichum species, 9 are newly identified within the Colletotrichum genus and consist of multi-modular NRPSs featuring 2 and 4 modules. Phylogenetic analysis based on adenylation domains revealed that the NRPSs of the 6 Colletotrichum species are grouped into 16 distinct clades, each globally associated with biological functions, including apicidin synthetase, chrysogine, hydroxamate-type ferrichrome siderophore peptide synthetase, gliovirin, and other unclassified synthetases. Among the 15 identified gene clusters, one cluster containing the NRPS gene CfNRPS9 is unique to C. fructicola and is absent from all other Colletotrichum genomes. These findings offer valuable insights into the diversity and evolutionary pathways of NRPS gene clusters in pathogenic Colletotrichum species, highlighting their potential roles in pathogenicity and secondary metabolite production. The newly identified NRPSs present promising targets for future functional studies and the development of new strategies for managing diseases in crops affected by Colletotrichum species.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paenibacillus wuxiensis sp. nov., a Novel Bacterium Capable of Producing Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) and Inhibiting Rhizoctonia solani Kühn Isolated from Agricultural Soil.","authors":"Cansheng Yuan, Luyao Ruan, Ying Yang, Lin Wang, Zhuang Ke, Jian He","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04502-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04502-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Gram-stain-positive bacterium, which produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and inhibited Rhizoctornia solani Kühn, designated strain P4^T, was isolated from agricultural soil in Wuxi city, Jiangsu province, PR China. Cells were rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming, motile by peritrichous flagella. Growth occurred at 15-42 °C (optimum at 30 °C), pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0-7.5) and with 0-3.0% NaCl (w/v; optimum, 0.5%). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain P4^T is a member of the genus Paenibacillus, closely related to Paenibacillus alvei DSM 29^T (98.3%), followed by P. marinisediminis S27^T (96.0%), P. aquistagni 11^T (95.9%) and P. profundus SI 79^T (95.5%). Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene and genomic sequences indicated that strain P4^T was clustered in the genus Paenibacillus and formed a subclade with P. alvei DSM 29^T. The genome size of P4^T was 6.7 Mb with a G + C content of 46.6%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between the genomes of strain P4^T and seven closely related type strains ranged from 71.5-84.8% to 20.6-28.7%, respectively. The percentage of conserved proteins (POCP) values between strain P4^T and its related strains ranged from 57.2 to 73.5%. The major fatty acids (≥ 5%) were anteiso-C_15:0, iso-C_15:0, C_16:0, iso-C_16:0 and anteiso-C_17:0. The polar lipids profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PME), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), unidentified aminolipid (AL), three unidentified glycolipids (GL1-3), three unidentified phospholipids (PL1-3), five unidentified aminophospholipids (APL1-5) and five unidentified lipids (L1-5). The only isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and the cell wall peptidoglycan was meso-DAP. Based on phylogenetic, genomic and phenotypic data, strain P4^T was considered to represent a novel species in genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus wuxiensis was proposed, with P4^T (= MCCC 1K09189^T = KCTC 43706^T) as the type strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Necroptosis by Aspergillus fumigatus Exopolysaccharide in Human Macrophages Derived from THP-1 Cells: Involvement of the RIP1-RIP3-MLKL Signaling Axis.","authors":"Wei Shen, Meng Wang, Ting Han, Yan Yao, Xinyi Ying, Yuyue Cui, Peng Du","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04487-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04487-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has indicated that the exopolysaccharide galactosaminogalactan (GAG) from Aspergillus fumigatus plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of experimental invasive aspergillosis by promoting virulence. However, it remains unclear whether the exopolysaccharide is directly virulent to host cells. In this study, we established a co-incubation system using human THP-1-derived macrophages and GAG extracted from A. fumigatus ATCC 1022 to assess the capacity of GAG to induce necroptosis in THP-1 cells, as well as to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this process. Our findings indicate that the proportion of N-acetylgalactosamine in the GAG fraction derived from strain ATCC 1022 was lower, while GAG demonstrated a significantly greater ability to induce the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, which was accompanied by the induction of necroptosis. Western blotting analysis revealed a significant increase in the phosphorylation of RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL proteins in GAG-treated THP-1 cells, and RIP1-RIP3-MLKL signaling activation and GAG-induced caspase activity-independent cell death were effectively inhibited by the TNF-α receptor-1 (TNFR1) inhibitor R-7050, the neutralizing antibody against TNF-α or necroptosis inhibitor Necrostatin-1. It's worth noting that the expression of CLEC4E, the gene encoding the Mincle receptor in macrophages, was elevated in the co-incubation system, potentially enhancing TNF-α-mediated necroptotic cell death. In addition to the RIP1-RIP3-MLKL axis, BAX, cleaved PARP, and JNK were also activated following GAG treatment, warranting further investigation into their roles in the regulation of necroptosis. Our findings demonstrate that GAG produced by A. fumigatus conidia during germination triggers necroptotic cell death in human THP-1 cells via TNF-α-mediated RIP1-RIP3-MLKL signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coprococcus intestinalis sp. nov., Parabacteroides caecihominis sp. nov., and \"Akkermansia massiliensis\" B2-R-115 with High Probiotic Potential from the Human Gut Microbiome.","authors":"Md Shamsuzzaman, Ram Hari Dahal, Yoon-Jung Choi, Shukho Kim, Jungmin Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04491-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04491-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three novel bacterial strains obtained from human fecal samples were characterized for their taxonomic classification and probiotic potential. The strains included one Gram-stain-positive (B2-R-112^T) and two Gram-stain-negative (TA-V-105^T and B2-R-115) strains; all were anaerobic and non-motile. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed them within the genera Coprococcus, Parabacteroides, and Akkermansia. Specifically, B2-R-112^T showed 97.7% sequence similarity to Coprococcus catus L8^T, TA-V-105^T showed 97.8% to Parabacteroides goldsteinii DSM 19448^T, and B2-R-115 exhibited 99.6% sequence similarity to \"Akkermansia massiliensis\" Marseille P6666^T. The genome sizes were 3,311,086 bp, 7,396,255 bp, and 3,288,486 bp, with G + C contents of 43.9%, 43.2%, and 57.8%, respectively. All strains demonstrated strong survival at pH 2.0-3.0 and robust bile salt tolerance (0.3% w/v oxgall) after 4 h, maintaining high viability in simulated gastric (pH 2.5, 4 h) and intestinal (pH 8.0, 6 h) fluids. They also exhibited significant antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses, using thresholds of ≥ 70% and ≥ 95%, respectively, supported the classification of strain B2-R-112^T and strain TA-V-105^T as novel species. Based on these phenotypic, genomic, and phylogenetic analyses, we propose the classification of these potential probiotic strains as novel species: Coprococcus intestinalis sp. nov. (type strain B2-R-112^T = KCTC 25419^T = CGMCC 1.17967^T and Parabacteroides caecihominis) sp. nov. (type strain TA-V-105^T = KCTC 25451^T = CGMCC 1.17989^T.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 11","pages":"513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}