Domestic animal endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the ovine liver and duodenum during early pregnancy","authors":"Hongxu Fang ,&nbsp;Xinxin Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongyue Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxin Ma,&nbsp;Leying Zhang,&nbsp;Ling Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The liver and intestine play a critical role in nutrient absorption, storage, and metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate expression pattern of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway that included PI3K, AKT1, mTOR, FoxO1, SREBP-1, PPARα, PTEN and FXR in the maternal liver and duodenum. Ovine livers and duodenums were sampled at day 16 of the estrous cycle, and at days 13, 16 and 25 of gestation, and RT-qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to detect mRNA and protein expression. The results showed that expression of PI3K, AKT1, p-mTOR, FoxO1, SREBP-1 and PTEN upregulated in the maternal liver, and PPARα upregulated in the duodenum. However, expression of FoxO1, SREBP-1 and PTEN in the duodenum downregulated during early pregnancy. In addition, expression levels of SREBP-1, PTEN and PPARα in the maternal liver, and PI3K in the duodenum peaked at day 13 of pregnancy. In addition, expression levels of PI3K, p-mTOR and FoxO1 in the liver, and AKT1 and p-mTOR in the duodenum peaked at day 16 of pregnancy. Nevertheless, expression levels of FXR both in the maternal liver duodenum downregulated at days 13 and 16 of pregnancy. In conclusion, early pregnancy regulated expression pattern of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the ovine liver and duodenum in a pregnancy stage-specific and tissue-specific manner, which may be necessary for the adaptations in maternal hepatic nutrient metabolism and intestinal nutrient absorption early pregnancy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106870"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of endophyte-infected tall fescue seed consumption on endocrine changes associated with intake regulation and post-absorptive metabolism in growing steers","authors":"Mindy E. King ,&nbsp;Hannah M. Herzing ,&nbsp;Kyle R. McLeod ,&nbsp;James L. Klotz ,&nbsp;Andrew P. Foote ,&nbsp;J. Lannett Edwards ,&nbsp;David L. Harmon","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fescue toxicosis is a syndrome occurring from the consumption of endophyte-infected tall fescue and results in substantial economic losses to the beef industry primarily from reduced growth accompanied by decreased dry matter intake (DMI); however, the associations characterizing this reduction in DMI have yet to be elucidated. The objective of this experiment was to identify endocrine changes associated with intake regulation post-consumption of endophyte-infected tall fescue seed (E+). Twelve Holstein steers were stratified by body weight and assigned to 1 of 3 treatments (n=4): 0 ppm ergovaline (ERV), 1.8 ppm ERV, or 2.7 ppm ERV. Treatments were achieved by combining differing proportions of ground E+ and non-endophyte-infected tall fescue seed. Steers were adapted to their diets for 7 d followed by a 7 d DMI collection period. Within treatment, steers were assigned to a sampling day (d 16 or d 17). Blood samples were collected every 20 min for 8 h, beginning 1 h before feeding. Intake data was analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC) with treatment, day, and the interaction as fixed effects. Hormone and metabolite data were analyzed with the fixed effect of treatment, time, and the interaction including time as a repeated measure and orthogonal contrasts. Dry matter intake was linearly decreased with increasing ERV in the diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Insulin and leptin concentrations exhibited a quadratic effect (<em>P</em> = 0.018 and <em>P</em> = 0.005) with insulin concentrations highest for the 2.7 ppm treatment and leptin concentrations highest for the 1.8 ppm treatment. No differences were detected for active ghrelin or β-hydroxybuytrate concentrations among treatment groups. Further, steers consuming both the 1.8 and 2.7 ppm ERV treatments had lower prolactin concentrations compared to the 0 ppm treatment (quadratic, <em>P</em> <em>=</em> 0.019). Glucose concentrations had a tendency for a linear increase as ERV concentrations increased (<em>P</em> = 0.091). A treatment × time interaction (<em>P</em> = 0.002) was noted in NEFA concentrations, with the 1.8 ppm ERV treatment showing increased pre-feeding concentrations, and the 2.7 ppm ERV treatment exhibiting elevated NEFA concentrations as time post-feeding progressed. The results suggest that E+ consumption reduces intake likely through alterations in intake-related hormones and post-absorptive metabolism and contributes to our current understanding of E+ effects on intake reduction while providing avenues for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106873"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141729523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and gestation in Criollo mares: endocrine and metabolic profiles","authors":"Mateo Pardié ,&nbsp;Irene Kalpokas ,&nbsp;Francesca Freccero ,&nbsp;Carolina Castagnetti ,&nbsp;Ana Meikle","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to determine the effect of body condition score (BCS) on metabolic and endocrine parameters in pregnant Criollo mares (<em>n</em>=41), which were categorized according to their BCS as obese (7 to 9 BCS, <em>n</em>=26) or normal (5 to 7, <em>n</em>=15). Blood samples were taken during gestation in 3 periods: between 3.5 and 5 months (I), 8 and 9 months (II) and in the last month of gestation (III). The data was analyzed in the statistical model by mixed procedures, including BCS, gestational period and their interaction as fixed effects. BCS was only different in period I, as normal mares increased their BCS in the later periods. Leptin concentrations were greater in obese mares when compared to non-obese mares during all sampling periods (<em>P</em>&lt;0.01), while glucose concentrations were also greater in the former group (<em>P</em>&lt;0.01) but only during the first sampling period. Insulin concentrations and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were greater also in obese mares in periods I and III (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Adiponectin concentrations in period I were lower in obese mares (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Cholesterol concentrations increased during gestation, and obese mares tended to have greater concentrations than nonobese mares (<em>P</em>&lt;0.1). Triglyceride concentrations were not affected by group or gestational period. This study revealed adaptations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism during gestation in mares. Several parameters are dependent on the degree of body fat reserves, which are reflected in the concentrations of biomarkers such as leptin and adiponectin. Insulin concentration in obese mares was higher than non-obese mares at the end of gestation, a similar profile was observed for HOMA-IR although cutoff values are yet still to be validated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased insulin-like growth factor 1 concentrations in a population of non-diabetic cats with overweight/obesity","authors":"D.D. Miceli ,&nbsp;A. Jaliquias ,&nbsp;M.F. Gallelli ,&nbsp;J.D. García ,&nbsp;C. Vecino ,&nbsp;J.P. Rey Amunategui ,&nbsp;G.A. Pompili ,&nbsp;I.M. Espiñeira ,&nbsp;J. Más ,&nbsp;O.P. Pignataro","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Feline hypersomatotropism (HST) is typically associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), whereas HST without concurrent DM has only been reported in a few cases. Weight gain may be observed in cats with HST. The aims of this study were to evaluate circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in non-diabetic cats with overweight/obesity, to screen this population for the presence of HST, and to assess whether there is a correlation between body weight/body condition score (BCS) and serum IGF-1 concentration in overweight/obese cats. In this prospective study, 80 overweight/obese cats from referral centers in Buenos Aires (Argentina) were evaluated. Serum IGF-1 was measured as part of the routine tests for overweight/obesity. Non-diabetic cats were included in the study if they had a BCS&gt;6/9. Twenty-nine cats were classified as overweight (BCS 7/9), whereas 51 were classified as obese (BCS 8-9/9). Median serum IGF-1 concentrations of cats with BCS 7/9, 8/9, and 9/9 were 570 ng/ml (range 123-1456 ng/ml), 634 ng/ml (range 151-1500 ng/ml), and 598 ng/ml (range 284-2450 ng/ml), respectively. There was a positive linear correlation between serum IGF-1 concentrations and body weight (r= 0.24, 95% CI 0.01-0.44 P=0.03), and between IGF-1 and BCS (r= 0.27, 95% CI 0.08-0.44 P=0.004). In total, 8.75% (95% confidence interval 3.6-17.2%) of the cats with overweight/obesity had IGF-1 concentrations &gt;1000 ng/ml. Pituitary enlargement was detected on computed tomography in 4/7 cases. These seven cats showed varying degrees of phenotypic changes consistent with acromegaly. A proportion of 8.75 % of overweight/obese non-diabetic cats from referral centers in Buenos Aires had serum IGF-1 concentration in a range consistent with HST in diabetic cats. Likewise, 5% of overweight/obese cats were likely to be diagnosed with HST, supported by evidence of pituitary enlargement. Serum IGF-1 concentrations were positively correlated with body weight and BCS in this population of cats. This study highlights the relevance of screening different populations of non-diabetic cats to increase the detection of HST/acromegaly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141138798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of circulating miRNAs in mares approaching parturition","authors":"Mio Kikuchi ,&nbsp;Harutaka Murase ,&nbsp;Kenichi Urata ,&nbsp;Taichiro Ishige ,&nbsp;Shun-ichi Nagata ,&nbsp;Teruaki Tozaki ,&nbsp;Hironaga Kakoi ,&nbsp;Toshina Ishiguro-Oonuma ,&nbsp;Keiichiro Kizaki","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are stable in body fluids and can serve as biomarkers for various diseases and physiological states. Although pregnancy˗related miRNAs have been identified in various mammals, studies on parturition˗related circulating miRNAs in mares are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify parturition˗related miRNAs and examine their potential applications in the prediction of parturition date. miRNAs were extracted from the plasma of Thoroughbred mares 30 days (295–326 days pregnant) and 5 (323–352 days pregnant) – 0 (328–357 days pregnant) days before parturition, followed by small RNA sequencing (small RNA˗seq) and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT˗qPCR). Additionally, we measured plasma progestin concentrations in mares using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Small RNA˗seq data indicated that 18 miRNAs were affected by parturition proximity. Among the 18 miRNAs, two novel miRNAs and three known miRNAs (miR˗361˗3p, miR˗483, and miR˗99a) showed significant changes at 5–0 days before parturition compared with that at 30 days to parturition. Plasma progestin concentrations were higher at 5–3 days to parturition than at 30 days to parturition, and then decreased on the day of parturition. Conclusively, this study provides basic knowledge of parturition˗related circulating miRNAs in mares, and identifies miRNAs that could potentially be used as biomarkers to predict parturition in mares.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106879"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739724024000420/pdfft?md5=ff347d9207a7c1d574807dc426ef3878&pid=1-s2.0-S0739724024000420-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GATA4: Regulation of expression and functions in goat granulosa cells","authors":"Kexin Gao ,&nbsp;Yeda Chen ,&nbsp;Peijie Wang ,&nbsp;Wenlin Chang ,&nbsp;Binyun Cao ,&nbsp;Liqiong Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>GATA4 plays a pivotal role in the reproductive processes of mammals. However, the research on GATA4 in goat ovary is limited. This study aimed to study the expression and function of GATA4 in goat ovary. Utilizing real-time PCR and western blot analysis, we studied the expression and regulatory mechanisms of GATA4 in goat ovary and granulosa cells (GCs). We found that GATA4 was expressed in all follicle types in the goat ovary, with significantly higher levels in GCs of larger follicles (&gt;3 mm) compared to those in smaller follicles (&lt;3 mm). Additionally, we demonstrated that human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) induced <em>GATA4</em> mRNA expression via the activation of PKA, MEK, p38 MAPK, PKC, and PI3K pathways <em>in vitro</em>. Our study also showed that hCG suppressed the levels of miR-200b and miR-429, which in turn directly target GATA4, thereby modulating the basal and hCG-induced expression of GATA4. Functionally, we examined the effect of siRNA-mediated <em>GATA4</em> knockdown on cell proliferation and hormone secretion in goat GCs. Our results revealed that knockdown of <em>GATA4</em>, miR-200b, and miR-429 suppressed cell proliferation. Moreover, knockdown of <em>GATA4</em> decreased estradiol and progesterone production by inhibiting the promoter activities of <em>CYP11A1, CYP19A1, HSD3B,</em> and <em>StAR</em>. Collectively, our findings suggest a critical involvement of GATA4 in regulating goat GC survival and steroidogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106859"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141130677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy assessment of a synthetic porcine recombinant corticotrophin for the ACTH stimulation test in healthy cats","authors":"Daniela J. Lopes ,&nbsp;Luciana De Jesus ,&nbsp;Barbara B. Rivas ,&nbsp;Milena C. De Oliveira ,&nbsp;Priscila V. Furtado ,&nbsp;Debora Cattaruzzi ,&nbsp;Álan G. Poppl","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Porcine adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) has been considered valid for the ACTH stimulation test (ACTHST) in humans and dogs; however, its safety and efficacy for use in cats are unknown. Also, the equivalence between 5 µg/kg and 125 µg/cat dose of synthetic corticotropin (1-24 ACTH - cosyntropin/tetracosactide) is assumed for ACTHST in cats. This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of different porcine recombinant ACTH doses for the ACTHST in healthy cats and its equivalence with tetracosactide. The study was divided into two arms. The first evaluated safety and equivalence of intravenous 1 µg/kg, 5 µg/kg, or 125 µg/cat porcine ACTH in seven healthy cats for the ACTHST evaluating basal and post-ACTH androstenedione, aldosterone, cortisol, and progesterone concentrations. In the second arm, the equivalence of the 125 µg/cat porcine ACTH dose was evaluated compared to results obtained using 125 µg/cat of tetracosactide in ten healthy cats regarding cortisol responses. In all tests, several cat-friendly strategies were adopted, and the ACTHST protocol involved basal and 60-minute post-ACTH blood sampling and intravenous ACTH injection. No adverse reactions were documented, and no tested cat showed any complications during the study. No porcine ACTH tested dose significantly increased androstenedione secretion. In contrast, all tested doses were able to increase progesterone concentration significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and Δ-progesterone in response to 5 µg/kg or 125 µg/cat was considered equivalent (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.99). The 125 µg/cat dose promoted greater responses for both cortisol and aldosterone, characterized by Δ-cortisol (<em>P</em> = 0.009) and Δ-aldosterone (<em>P</em> = 0.004). Despite equivalent Δ-cortisol results in response to 5 µg/kg or 125 µg/cat (<em>P</em> = 0.18); post-ACTH results of cortisol in response to 5 µg/kg only approximate statistical significance when compared with basal (<em>P</em> = 0.07). Porcine ACTH and tetracosactide significantly increased post-ACTH cortisol concentration (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) while the Δ-cortisol was slightly greater in response to the porcine ACTH (<em>P</em> = 0.006). These results suggest porcine ACTH could be an alternative source of corticotropin for the ACTHST in cats; however, maximum corticoadrenal stimulation seemed more reliable in response to a 125 µg/cat regarding cortisol and aldosterone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106880"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the gonadotropin surge on steroid receptor regulation in preovulatory follicles and newly formed corpora lutea in the cow","authors":"Bajram Berisha ,&nbsp;Granit Thaqi ,&nbsp;Dieter Schams ,&nbsp;Daniela Rodler ,&nbsp;Fred Sinowatz ,&nbsp;Michael W. Pfaffl","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of the study was to characterize the <em>mRNA</em> expression patterns of specific steroid hormone receptors namely, estrogen receptors (ESRRA—estrogen related receptor alpha and ESRRB—estrogen related receptor beta) and progesterone receptors (PGR) in superovulation-induced bovine follicles during the periovulation and subsequent corpus luteum (CL) formation. The bovine ovaries (<em>n</em> = 5 cow / group), containing preovulatory follicles or early CL, were collected relative to injection of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at (I) 0 h, (II) 4 h, (III) 10 h, (IV) 20 h, (V) 25 h (preovulatory follicles) and (VI) 60 h (CL, 2–3 days after induced ovulation). In this experiment, we analyzed the steroid receptor <em>mRNA</em> expression and their localization in the follicle and CL tissue. The high <em>mRNA</em> expression of ESRRA, ESRRB, and PGR analyzed in the follicles before ovulation is significantly reduced in the group of follicles during ovulation (25 h after GnRH), rising again significantly after ovulation in newly formed CL, only for ESRRA and PGR (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Immunohistochemically, the nuclei of antral follicles' granulosa cells showed a positive staining for ESRRA, followed by higher activity in the large luteal cells just after ovulation (early CL). In contrast, the lower PGR immunopresence in preovulatory follicles increased in both small and large luteal cell nuclei after follicle ovulation. Our results of steroid receptor <em>mRNA</em> expression in this experimentally induced gonadotropin surge provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of the effects of steroid hormones on follicular–luteal tissue in the period close to the ovulation and subsequent CL formation in the cow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106876"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739724024000390/pdfft?md5=260990baf41237f6419df69e0d15c6c8&pid=1-s2.0-S0739724024000390-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in cortisol, cortisone and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II activity in saliva during pregnancy and lactation in sows","authors":"M. Botía ,&nbsp;D. Escribano ,&nbsp;F. Tecles ,&nbsp;S. Martínez-Subiela ,&nbsp;J.J. Cerón ,&nbsp;M. López-Arjona","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The activity of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II, which can be estimated by the combined measurement of cortisol and cortisone, is gaining importance as a marker for the assessment of stress in pigs. The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of this enzyme and the salivary concentrations of cortisol and cortisone in pigs during pregnancy, farrowing and lactation and to compare it with other stress-related biomarkers such as CgA, S100A12 and alpha-amylase. Salivary cortisol concentrations and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoenzyme type 2 activity decreased after farrowing, while cortisol concentrations increased. Enzyme activity did not show significant correlations with any of the other stress-related biomarkers measured in this study. Overall, the results of this report indicate a different regulation of 11β-HSD type II activity and of cortisol and cortisone during pregnancy and lactation, which should be considered when evaluating these analytes in saliva during these periods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739724024000389/pdfft?md5=7a3f8d2d88224ea8c824d228562044f7&pid=1-s2.0-S0739724024000389-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The glucagon-receptor antagonist MK-3577 reduces glucagon-stimulated plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in metabolically healthy overweight cats","authors":"J Mott ,&nbsp;C Celly ,&nbsp;R Glock ,&nbsp;C Gilor","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The role of glucagon disturbances in diabetes mellitus is increasingly recognized and, hence, glucagon antagonism might aid in treatment of hyperglycemia and other metabolic disturbances. The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics of the glucagon receptor antagonist MK-3577 and its effect on plasma glucose, insulin, and glucagon concentrations in healthy cats. In a cross-over placebo-controlled study, 5 purpose-bred cats were treated with either Placebo, MK-3577 (1 mg/kg), or MK-3577 (3 mg/kg). Glucose, insulin and glucagon concentrations were measured at 0, 15, 225, 240 min post-treatment administration. Glucagon (20 mcg/kg, IM) was administered at 240 min and glucose and insulin were measured at 255, 265, 275, 285 and 300 min. Plasma MK-3577 concentrations peaked at 4.2 and 3.2 hours after 1 and 3 mg/kg dosing with a half-life of 14.8h and 15.5h respectively. Baseline glucose, insulin and glucagon concentrations did not differ significantly between treatment groups. At a dose of 3 mg/kg, MK-3577 blunted the glucagon-stimulated rise of glucose (<em>p=</em>0.0089) and insulin (<em>p=</em>0.02). Similar trends were observed with MK-3577 at the 1 mg/kg dose but the effect was smaller, and not significant. In conclusion, the GRA MK-3577 has a pharmacokinetic profile suitable for diminishing the glucagon-induced rise of glucose and insulin in healthy cats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106874"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141632998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}