Diagnostic Cytopathology最新文献

{"title":"Cytology to More Clearly Distinguish Solitary Plasmacytoma at the Skull Base","authors":"Cynthia T. Welsh,&nbsp;Tiffany G. Baker,&nbsp;Christopher D. Allen,&nbsp;Donna R. Roberts,&nbsp;William A. Vandergrift","doi":"10.1002/dc.25446","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25446","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Solitary plasmacytomas are localized single tumors of monoclonal plasma cells that occur in two variants: solitary plasmacytoma of bone and extraosseous plasmacytoma. Solitary plasmacytoma of bone accounts for only 1%–2% of plasma cell lesions, and extraosseous plasmacytoma is also approximately 1%. These are both very uncommon at the skull base. We report two cases of plasmacytic neoplasms at the skull base where the differential diagnosis included pituitary adenoma when the tumor was sellar/suprasellar, or other bone-related tumors such as chordoma/chondrosarcoma when clivus/sphenoid bones were involved. Intraoperative diagnosis was facilitated by the use of cytologic preparations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 5","pages":"E75-E79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis Caused by Exophiala xenobiotica in a Poorly-Controlled Diabetic Patient: The Conventional Papanicolaou Staining on Cytology Specimen Can Potentially Guide Us to the Correct Diagnosis","authors":"Rie Kadoguchi,&nbsp;Kazushi Anzawa,&nbsp;Yoshiiku Okanemasa,&nbsp;Yao Liu,&nbsp;Vu Anh Dung,&nbsp;Akihiro Shioya,&nbsp;Sohsuke Yamada","doi":"10.1002/dc.25444","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25444","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phaeohyphomycosis is a very rare fungal infection, which is one of more usual complications in immunocompromised and/or traumatic patients, has never been reported especially in a cytological field. We describe a first case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by <i>Exophiala xenobiotica</i> (<i>E. xenobiotica</i>) in a poorly controlled diabetic patient, and in which a correct cytological diagnosis of phaeohyphomycosis was possible to conclude.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diabetic obese patient was a 60's-year-old male with a chief complaint of subcutaneous cyst-like nodule on the left knee. The Papanicolaou staining on aspiration cytology from this central fluid contained a substantial number of characteristically brown hyphae with dichotomous branching conidiophores and annelloconidia formation, in the necrotic and inflammatory backgrounds. Culture on potato dextrose agar showed many slow-growing yeast-like colonies particularly in an olivaceous gray to black colored fashion. Furthermore, sequencing data for the rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions confirmed phaeohyphomycosis caused by <i>E. xenobiotica</i> infection. Histologically, the resected subcutaneous nodule was diagnosed as necrotizing epithelioid granulomas with central abscess formation, admixed with a large number of dichotomous branching fungal organisms with conidia, reminiscent of <i>Aspergillus</i>. However, Fontana-Masson staining readily identified the melanin pigments in these fungal hyphae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this subcutaneous cyst-like case of immunocompromised patient, it is critical to consider the possibility of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. The conventional methodology of Papanicolaou staining on cytology specimen can recognize characteristically typical dichotomous branching and brown-pigmented fungi, potentially guiding us to the correct and quick diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"E70-E74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contaminant Suggesting Rotifer in Liquid-Based Cytology of the Cervix","authors":"José Eleutério Junior,&nbsp;Renata Mírian Nunes Eleutério","doi":"10.1002/dc.25442","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25442","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rotifers are rare in cytology, particularly in liquid media. We describe a case of rotifer in liquid-based cytology of a 30-year-old nulliparous woman without comorbidities who complained of vaginal discharge and sought a cervical cancer prevention service with no noteworthy findings on gynecological examination.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 3","pages":"136-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Sensitivity of Fine-Needle Aspiration Calcitonin in Detecting Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Is Independent of Predefined Decisional Thresholds","authors":"Sium Wolde Sellasie,&nbsp;Stefano Amendola,&nbsp;Leo Guidobaldi,&nbsp;Francesco Pedicini,&nbsp;Isabella Nardone,&nbsp;Tommaso Piticchio,&nbsp;Simona Zaccaria,&nbsp;Lorenzo Scappaticcio,&nbsp;Andrea Leoncini,&nbsp;Luigi Uccioli,&nbsp;Pierpaolo Trimboli","doi":"10.1002/dc.25440","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25440","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The measurement of Calcitonin (Ctn) in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) washout fluids (FNA-Ctn) has demonstrated excellent sensitivity, significantly higher than FNA cytology, in detecting medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). However, the absence of a fixed cutoff value for FNA-Ctn poses a limitation. This study aimed to investigate whether the sensitivity of FNA-Ctn in detecting MTC varies with different cutoffs reported in the literature. A single-centre series of MTCs was retrospectively reviewed. The preoperative FNA-Ctn levels were re-evaluated using various thresholds previously reported in the literature, and the corresponding FNA-Ctn sensitivities were compared. Twenty-one MTCs were included (69% women; median age 59 years; median serum Ctn value 86 pg/mL; median MTC major diameter 10 mm). The median FNA-Ctn value was 2000 pg/mL (interquartile range 49–250). MTCs nodules were assessed at high risk (ACR TI-RADS 5) in 50% of cases, while 47.6% were cytologically malignant. Additionally, 42.9% of cases were assessed as stage III according to Union for International Cancer Control staging system (UICC). Serum Ctn was significantly lower in stage I (<i>p</i> = 0.04). FNA-Ctn was positively correlated with serum Ctn (Rho = 0.45; <i>p</i> = 0.04), while ACR TI-RADS assessment with MTC stage (Rho = 0.69; <i>p</i> = 0.003). FNA-Ctn sensitivity ranged from 95% to 100% based on the previously proposed FNA-Ctn cutoffs. The high sensitivity of FNA-Ctn in detecting MTC did not significantly differ when applying the previously proposed cutoffs. Given the absence of a universally applicable FNA-Ctn decisional threshold, institutions should establish their own diagnostic cutoffs. Future guidelines should incorporate these concepts to enhance clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 5","pages":"197-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142964274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serous Cystadenoma of the Pancreas: An Easily Missed Cytological Diagnosis and Clues to Diagnosis","authors":"Alicia Cuber,&nbsp;Shefali Chopra","doi":"10.1002/dc.25437","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25437","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serous cystadenoma (SCA) of the pancreas is a benign nonmucinous cystic pancreatic neoplasm and the second most common type of pancreatic cystic neoplasm. Conservative management is advocated in asymptomatic cases as they have indolent clinical behavior and risk for postoperative morbidity, making an exact diagnosis essential. Morphologically, serous cystadenoma has a prominent subepithelial capillary meshwork causing the aspirate to be paucicellular and nondiagnostic. Therefore, cytologic diagnosis can be challenging, resulting in repeat aspirations or even unnecessary surgical resections. Since this is a diagnosis that is often overlooked, herein we offer a concise review of SCA along with characteristic radiology findings, diagnostic criteria including ancillary studies and possible differential considerations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 3","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration of Solitary Lung Nodules and the Triple Diagnosis Technique: Does Triple Diagnosis Improve Diagnostic Accuracy?","authors":"Jason Sinclair,&nbsp;Peace Preston,&nbsp;Magda Esebua,&nbsp;Van Nguyen,&nbsp;Carla Caruso,&nbsp;Jeffrey Kunin,&nbsp;Lester J. Layfield","doi":"10.1002/dc.25435","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25435","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endobronchial ultrasound guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is the predominant method for investigation of centrally located solitary pulmonary nodules. The method is associated with good to excellent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity with the positive predictive value of the test reaching 100% and reported negative predictive values for FNA of pulmonary nodules ranging from 53% to 97%. The impact of correlating cytologic results with imaging and clinical findings for improvement of negative predictive value has been poorly studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An electronic search of the cytology records of the University of Missouri was made for all EBUS-TBNA specimens with surgical pathology follow-up. The associated imaging and clinical impressions were obtained. The clinical impression/assessment was the assessment given in the clinical summary section of the clinical note. Results of each technique were designated as benign, indeterminate, or malignant. Diagnostic triplets were constructed, and calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value was performed for each modality as well as the triplets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Search revealed a total of 254 cases with definitive surgical follow up. Thirty-two of these were excluded because they were either cytologically non-diagnostic or fell into one of the intermediate categories. One hundred sixty-three and 84 of these cases had definitive imaging or clinical interpretive results respectively. Definitive diagnostic triplets were obtained in 58 cases (22.8%). Cytology was associated with a sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 81.1%. Its positive predictive value was 87.7% and its negative predictive value was 54.5%. Imaging was associated with a sensitivity of 90.7%, a specificity of 22.2%, a positive predictive value of 75.4% and a negative predictive value of 47.6% and these statistics were 96.7%, 33.3%, 78.4%, and 80.0% respectively for clinical analysis. The positive predictive value of a triplet analysis was 92.9% and the negative predictive value was 100%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diagnostic triplets were obtainable in only a minority of cases, but they resulted in significant improvement in positive and negative predictive values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"181-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytopathology Practice in Nigeria","authors":"Olaleke O. Folaranmi,&nbsp;Oladunni I. Olayiwola,&nbsp;Kehinde M. Ibiyeye,&nbsp;Mikhail O. Buhari,&nbsp;Olatunde K. Ibrahim,&nbsp;Ehigie J. Ighodalo,&nbsp;Abdulquadri Balogun","doi":"10.1002/dc.25441","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25441","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cytopathology is a cost-effective diagnostic method crucial for investigating suspected neoplastic lesions, particularly in Nigeria's healthcare system, where non-communicable diseases, especially with increasing rates of cancer. This review highlights the evolution of cytopathology practice in Nigeria, detailing its historical development, current methodologies, and the challenges faced within the healthcare framework. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques such as immunocytochemistry and molecular diagnostics globally, conventional methods remain essential due to their affordability and accessibility. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has gained acceptance for its diagnostic accuracy; however, significant disparities exist in the availability of cytological services across various regions. The lack of trained personnel and inadequate infrastructure further complicate the effective implementation of cytopathology practices. The findings highlight the urgent need for specialized training programs and improved resource allocation to enhance cytopathology services in Nigeria. We advocate for strategic interventions aimed at optimizing cytopathology's potential to improve cancer diagnosis and patient outcomes in resource-limited settings across the country.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"186-190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synaptophysin Positive Pulmonary Glomus Tumor Mimics Carcinoid Tumor on Fine-Needle Aspiration","authors":"Yuan Shen,&nbsp;Roshan Raza,&nbsp;Maheshwari Ramineni,&nbsp;Celia Marginean,&nbsp;Nilanjana Sur,&nbsp;Brant G. Wang","doi":"10.1002/dc.25439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dc.25439","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glomus tumors are benign vascular soft tissue neoplasms of glomus bodies. Primary lung glomus tumors are rare and usually express smooth muscle markers, and are negative for cytokeratin and neuroendocrine markers in immunohistochemistry. We report a case of a primary lung glomus tumor showing diffuse, strong, aberrant immunoexpression for synaptophysin and morphologically mimicking a low-grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"E66-E69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parotid Keratocystoma: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytomorphology With Ancillary Testing Results","authors":"Jerzy Klijanienko,&nbsp;Arnaud Gauthier,&nbsp;Hervé J. Brisse,&nbsp;Gaelle Pierron,&nbsp;Daniel Orbach","doi":"10.1002/dc.25438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dc.25438","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Keratocystoma is a rare benign salivary gland tumor described in 1999. Only 14 cases have been reported in the histopathological literature, with three of them having had a preoperative fine needle aspiration (FNA) performed. All cytological diagnoses were not specific.</p>\u0000 <p>We have seen a 12-month-old boy presenting a left parotid mass with facial nerve paralysis. FNA showed the presence of numerous mature squamous cells and some calcifications. The corresponding core needle biopsy showed identical morphologic features with no signs of malignancy. MAML2 FISH was negative, but IRF2BP2/RUNX2 fusion transcript was detected, which confirmed the diagnosis of keratocystoma.</p>\u0000 <p>Despite its benign nature, keratocystoma should be differentiated from other salivary gland tumors such as Warthin's tumor with squamous cell metaplasia, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, primary vs. metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, and necrotizing sialometaplasia.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"E61-E65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing a Software-Based Template for Standardized Structured Reports of Urinary Cytology and Its Impact on Turnaround Time in a Tertiary Center","authors":"Maja Kebe Radulović,&nbsp;Damjana Cimerman,&nbsp;Margareta Strojan Fležar","doi":"10.1002/dc.25434","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25434","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Standardized pathology reports enhance completeness and readability, contributing to the overall improvement in the management of patients. The standardization of urine cytology reporting has gained widespread acceptance with the use of the Paris system (TPS) for reporting urinary cytology, primarily focused on detecting high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). The next phase at the Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, was the implementation of TPS, including standardized additional findings on non–neoplastic changes, into a software-based standardized structured reporting (SBSSR) system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The implementation of SBSSR for urinary cytology at the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, began in March 2023. Before daily usage, the SBSSR template was tested and approved by all cytopathology team members. An informative briefing for clinicians was organized to facilitate inter-specialty communication. To assess the impact of the SBSSR system on reporting efficiency, the turnaround time was tracked from the receipt of the cytology sample in the lab to the time of digital signature on its diagnostic report during two consecutive 11-month periods (04/01/2022–03/01/2023 and 04/01/2023–03/01/2024).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All team members easily adopted the new SBSSR for urinary cytology. Reports are generated, costs are calculated, and they are digitally signed in a single step. The adoption of SBSSR for urinary cytology led to the replacement of dictation and administrative tasks. The average turnaround time for urine cytology has been reduced from 1,8 days (based on 2843 samples) to 1,5 days (based on 3438 samples).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The introduction of SBSSR for urinary cytology increased the quality of patient care with a shorter time to diagnosis and a higher level of report clarity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dc.25434","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}