Diabetes & metabolism最新文献

{"title":"New users of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are at low risk of incident pancreatic cancer: A nationwide population-based cohort study","authors":"Yun Kyung Cho ,&nbsp;Sehee Kim ,&nbsp;Myung Jin Kim ,&nbsp;Woo Je Lee ,&nbsp;Ye-Jee Kim ,&nbsp;Chang Hee Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2025.101605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2025.101605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We aimed to investigate whether sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are associated with a decreased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to other glucose lowering medications (oGLMs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This active-comparator, new-user cohort study used the nationwide National Health Insurance Service database of the Republic of Korea from September 2014 to June 2020. From 79,423 new users of SGLT2is and 294,707 new users of oGLMs, we used a propensity score to match 59,954 from each of these two treatment groups. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of GI cancers, encompassing stomach, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the observation period, there were 814 and 916 GI cancers, and 794 and 1,140 deaths in the SGLT2is and oGLMs treatment groups, respectively. The use of SGLT2is was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of GI cancers, with an adjusted HR of 0.90 (95 % CI: 0.82 to 0.99). However, only the incidence of pancreatic cancer was significantly lower in SGLT2is users compared to non-users, with an adjusted HR of 0.72 (95 % CI: 0.55 - 0.95). In the entire cohort, the multivariable-adjusted HR for pancreatic cancer was 0.70 (95 % CI: 0.56 to 0.88).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>For T2D patients, SGLT2i use was associated with a diminished pancreatic cancer risk compared to oGLMs. Future studies should ascertain the potential protective effect of SGLT2is against pancreatic cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 101605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin autofluorescence of advanced glycation end-products, glycemic memory, and diabetes complications","authors":"Vincent Rigalleau ,&nbsp;Yann Pucheux ,&nbsp;Thierry Couffinhal ,&nbsp;Frederic J Tessier ,&nbsp;Michael Howsam ,&nbsp;Sébastien Rubin ,&nbsp;Catherine Helmer ,&nbsp;Fadi Alkhami ,&nbsp;Alice Larroumet ,&nbsp;Laurence Blanco ,&nbsp;Marie-Amélie Barbet-Massin ,&nbsp;Amandine Ferriere ,&nbsp;Kamel Mohammedi ,&nbsp;Ninon Foussard","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the pionneer work of Meerwaldt and the Groningen team, who related skin autofluorescence (SAF) to the dermal concentrations of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), hundreds of articles have been devoted to its application in diabetes. Due to the slow turnover of the AGEs formed on collagen of the skin, the SAF can reflect the progressive accumulation of AGEs and hence be a marker of long-term glucose exposure. Accordingly, relations with HbA1c from the previous 3–10 years have been established in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and even in gestational diabetes mellitus. Other important determinants of SAF exist however, notably age, renal function, diet, and genetics. SAF is also related to current and future micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes, as expected for a marker of glycemic memory. It is also related to some important emerging diabetes complications and comorbidities such as cancer, cognitive decline and liver disease. Quantitative information on glucose exposure during the previous years may be pertinent to personnalize care for patients with diabetes: priority for glucose control when SAF is low, and for screening for complications once SAF is high.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between adipose deposition and mortality among adults without major cardiovascular risk factors","authors":"Sophie E. Claudel ,&nbsp;Ashish Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To examine the association between adiposity and mortality in U.S. adults without major cardiovascular risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 7,948 adults (4,123 women, 3,825 men) aged &gt; 20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2004, 2011–2016). Participants with cardiovascular disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 60 ml/min/1.73m², diabetes, hypertension, or pregnancy were excluded. Adiposity measures, assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry or anthropometrics, included android and gynoid fat mass index (FMI), android-to-gynoid ratio, subcutaneous, abdominal, and visceral FMI, BMI, and waist circumference. We employed multivariable-adjusted Cox regression and restricted cubic spline models to assess sex-specific associations between adiposity measures and all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a median follow-up of 7.8 years, there were 83 deaths among women and 119 among men. In women, BMI, waist circumference, and gynoid FMI showed non-linear associations with all-cause mortality, while in men, BMI, waist circumference, and android-to-gynoid ratio demonstrated similar non-linear associations. In final adjusted models, a 1-SD increase in visceral, subcutaneous, and abdominal FMI among women was associated with 61 % (HR 1.61, 95 % CI 1.17–2.21), 87 % (HR 1.87, 95 % CI 1.13–3.08), and 89 % (HR 1.89, 95 % CI 1.19–2.99) higher mortality risk, respectively. Women in the lowest tertile of gynoid FMI had an 82 % (HR 1.82, 95 % CI 1.01–3.29) higher mortality risk compared to those in the middle tertile. In final adjusted models, a 1-SD increase in gynoid, android, visceral, subcutaneous, and abdominal FMI among men was associated with 30 % (HR 1.30, 95 % CI 1.02–1.65), 41 % (HR 1.41, 95 % CI 1.09–1.83), 54 % (HR 1.54, 95 % CI 1.04–2.28), 69 % (HR 1.69, 95 % CI 1.25–2.29), and 76 % (HR 1.76, 95 % CI 1.25–2.48) higher mortality risk, respectively. Additionally, men in the middle tertile of android-to-gynoid ratio had a 2.68-fold higher mortality risk compared to the lowest tertile, while men in the highest BMI tertile had an 83 % higher mortality risk compared to the lowest tertile. Sex modified the association between gynoid FMI and mortality (<em>P</em>-interaction = 0.008).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Imaging-based adiposity measures have distinct prognostic value for mortality beyond traditional anthropometrics in adults without cardiovascular risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phthalates exposure, biological aging, and increased risks of insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","authors":"Yueru Yang ,&nbsp;Shuhui Wan ,&nbsp;Linling Yu ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Jiahao Song ,&nbsp;Da Shi ,&nbsp;Yongfang Zhang ,&nbsp;Weihong Chen ,&nbsp;Weihong Qiu ,&nbsp;Bin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To estimate the individual and combined influences of phthalates and biological aging on insulin resistance (IR), prediabetes, and diabetes in population with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data on 3,045 US adults with MASLD were collected to outline the individual and mixed effects of urinary phthalate metabolites on prevalent IR, prediabetes, and diabetes by survey-weighted logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, as well as the interaction effects between phthalates and biological aging.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We discovered positive relationships – odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval [CI] – of mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate 1.147 [1.041;1.264], mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate 1.175 [1.073;1.288], and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate 1.140 [1.040;1.250] with IR, and of mono-isobutyl phthalate with prediabetes 1.216 [1.064;1.390] (all FDR-adjusted <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). WQS analyses indicated significantly mixed effects of phthalate metabolites on the elevated risks of IR 1.166 [1.034;1.315], prediabetes 1.194 [1.006;1.416], and diabetes 1.214 [1.026;1.437]. Biological age (BA) and phenotypic age (PA) were positively associated with IR, prediabetes, and diabetes and further significantly interacted with phthalates on the outcomes; typically, compared to participants with low levels of phthalates mixture and PA, those with high levels of phthalates mixture and PA had the highest risks of IR 2.468 [1.474;4.133] (<em>P</em>_interaction = 0.031), prediabetes 1.975 [1.189;3.278] (<em>P</em>_interaction = 0.009), and diabetes 6.065 [3.210;11.460] (<em>P</em>_interaction = 0.013).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Phthalates exposure of MASLD adults was related to increased risks of IR, prediabetes, and diabetes, which were interactively aggravated by biological aging. Controlling phthalates exposure and biological aging probably hold significant relevance for the prevention of diabetes in the MASLD population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of glycemic control in diabetic patients by monitoring HbA1c levels before, during and after Covid-19 confinement in Auvergne, France","authors":"Anthony Albouy ,&nbsp;Céline Lambert ,&nbsp;Pierre Bernard ,&nbsp;Catherine Laporte ,&nbsp;Frédéric Fortin","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To describe glycemic control in diabetic patients monitored by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) before, during and after COVID-19 confinement. To identify factors, measured before confinement, associated with HbA1c testing during confinement and those associated with a 1 % increase in HbA1c after confinement.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Retrospective, descriptive study of diabetic patients over 18 years old who underwent at least one HbA1c test before and after confinement. The data were collected from medical analysis laboratories in the Auvergne region (France) and included HbA1c measurements between March 17, 2019, and May 11, 2021, age, sex, residential area, and medical specialty of the prescribing physician.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>70,286 patients were included (54.1 % men, mean age 71.7 ± 13.1 years). The average preconfinement HbA1c level (6.80 % ± 1.16) was similar to the average post-confinement HbA1c level (6.80 % ± 1.14). A larger median reduction of 0.90 % points in HbA1c level in the year following confinement was observed in patients whose preconfinement HbA1c level was ≥ 9 %. Only 24.5 % of the patients had an HbA1c test performed during confinement, the majority of whom were over 80 years of age and had an average HbA1c level between 7 and 9 % before confinement. For 5.1 % of the patients, the average HbA1c level increased by one percentage point or more after confinement. Patients ≤ 64, those with an insufficient number of blood tests before confinement and those with an imbalance in HbA1c before confinement were at risk of glycemic imbalance after confinement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Confinement had no impact on HbA1c levels in diabetic patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101597"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity rather than diabetes impacted severe Covid-19 on reunion island: A retrospective cohort study from a frontline hospital, 2020–2021","authors":"Yann Brousse ,&nbsp;Patrick Gérardin ,&nbsp;Dina Filali ,&nbsp;Victorine Lenclume ,&nbsp;Hind Aissaoui ,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Jaffar Bandjee ,&nbsp;Estelle Nobecourt ,&nbsp;Léa Bruneau","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>2019-Coronavirus reached the French island of Reunion, which is marked by a very high prevalence of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in March 2020. The objective was to determine the metabolic factors associated with the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Reunion Island.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective observational cohort study enrolled patients who were hospitalized on the island from March 11th, 2020 to August 4th, 2021. Severe Covid-19 was defined according to the WHO's definition, including deaths. A multilevel logistic model with the circulation period of the variants as a random effect was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age of the 681 patients enrolled was 56 years [42–68] and 54% were men. Obese patients and patients who were both diabetic and obese had an increased risk of developing severe Covid-19: 2.64 [1.46;4.78] and 2.96 [1.47;5.93], aOR [CI95%] respectively. Diabetic inpatients did not when adjusting for individual characteristics and accounting the period of circulation of variants: 1.24 [0.68;2.24] (<em>P</em> = 0.471).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals an unexpected prominence of obesity on T2DM (without precision) in the development of severe Covid-19. Despite a high prevalence of T2DM, this finding may partially explain why Covid-19 did not have an even greater impact on the island. Further studies should also consider the treatment of diabetes, diabetic complications, glycemic imbalance or stratify by the novel subgroups of T2DM to better understand the link between T2DM and severe Covid-19 in the Reunionese population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and care for preclinical stage 1–2 type 1 diabetes in first-degree relatives: French expert position statement","authors":"Roberto Mallone ,&nbsp;Elise Bismuth ,&nbsp;Charles Thivolet ,&nbsp;Pierre-Yves Benhamou ,&nbsp;Nadine Hoffmeister ,&nbsp;François Collet ,&nbsp;Marc Nicolino ,&nbsp;Rachel Reynaud ,&nbsp;Jacques Beltrand ,&nbsp;SFD, SFEDP and AJD","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The natural history of type 1 diabetes (T1D) evolves from stage 1 (islet autoimmunity with normoglycemia; ICD-10 diagnostic code E10.A1) to stage 2 (autoimmunity with dysglycemia; E10.A2) and subsequent clinical stage 3 (overt hyperglycemia), which is commonly the first time of referral. Autoantibody testing can diagnose T1D at its preclinical stages 1–2 and lead to earlier initiation of care, particularly for first-degree relatives of people living with T1D, who are at higher genetic risk. Preclinical T1D screening and monitoring aims to avoid inaugural ketoacidosis and prolong preservation of endogenous insulin secretion, thereby improving glycemic control and reducing long-term morbidity. Moreover, early management can help coping with T1D and correct modifiable risk factors (obesity, sedentary lifestyle). New treatments currently under clinical deployment or trials also offer the possibility of delaying clinical progression. All these arguments lead to the proposition of a national screening and care pathway open to interested first-degree relatives. This pathway represents a new expertise to acquire for healthcare professionals. By adapting international consensus guidance to the French specificities, the proposed screening strategy involves testing for ≥ 2 autoantibodies (among IAA, anti-GAD, anti-IA-2) in relatives aged 2–45 years. Negative screening (∼95 % of cases) should be repeated every 4 years until the age of 12. A management workflow is proposed for relatives screening positive (∼5 % of cases), with immuno-metabolic monitoring by autoantibody testing, OGTT, glycemia and/or HbA1c of variable frequency, depending on T1D stage, age, patient preference and available resources, as well as the definition of expert centers for preclinical T1D.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of pre- and post-exercise strategies on hypoglycemic risk for two modalities of aerobic exercise among adults and adolescents living with type 1 diabetes using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Joséphine Molveau ,&nbsp;Étienne Myette-Côté ,&nbsp;Capucine Guédet ,&nbsp;Sémah Tagougui ,&nbsp;Roxane St-Amand ,&nbsp;Corinne Suppère ,&nbsp;Elsa Heyman ,&nbsp;Virginie Messier ,&nbsp;Valérie Boudreau ,&nbsp;Laurent Legault ,&nbsp;Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We investigated strategies to mitigate hypoglycemic risk during and after different aerobic exercises in people with type 1 diabetes (pwT1D) using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.</div></div><div><h3>Research design and methods</h3><div>Thirty-seven pwT1D (21 adults, 16 adolescents; HbA1c = 7.5 ± 1.0 %) participated in two post-absorptive (4-h post-meal) exercise sessions (60-min continuous moderate intensity [CONT] vs. intermittent [INT]). Pre-exercise basal rate reduction (BRR) was either 40 % or 80 %, 90 min before exercise. Post-exercise, participants undertook either a 20 % BRR for 10 h with 20 % reduced dinner bolus (INS) or a 45 g post-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) snack with a 50 % insulin bolus, and a 30 g bedtime CHO snack without bolus (snack).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>While a similar number of hypoglycemic events (31 vs. 28) were observed between exercise modalities, CONT led to a greater decrease in blood glucose during exercise compared to INT (-3.1 ± 2.3, CONT vs. -2.7 ± 2.2 mmol/l, INT, <em>P</em> = 0.005). Changes in blood glucose during exercise (-3.0 ± 2.4, 40 %BRR vs. -2.8 ± 2.1 mmol/l, 80 %BRR, <em>P</em> = 0.076) and the number of hypoglycemic events (35 vs. 24) were similar between 40 % and 80 %BRR. Time in hyperglycemia was lower with INS compared to snack in the first 30 min after exercise, but no differences were observed for late recovery period or nighttime.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compared to INT, CONT led to greater blood glucose decline without increasing hypoglycemia risk. A larger pre-exercise BRR did not further reduce hypoglycemia risk during exercise. Post-exercise INS and snack strategies led to comparable glucose profiles in pwT1D.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of smoking behavior change on diabetes incidence after cancer development: A nationwide cohort study","authors":"MI Hee Cho ,&nbsp;Jinhyung Jung ,&nbsp;Hye Yeon Koo ,&nbsp;Wonyoung Jung ,&nbsp;Kyungdo Han ,&nbsp;In Young Cho ,&nbsp;Dong Wook Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus (DM) increase risks of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality in cancer survivors. An increased risk of DM incidence in cancer survivors has been observed and smoking is an important modifiable risk factor for DM development in the general population. Thus, we investigated the association between smoking behavior change after cancer diagnosis and DM incidence in cancer survivors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance System database included patients with newly diagnosed cancers between 2010 and 2016. Smoking behavior changes after cancer diagnosis were categorized as never smoker, ex-smoker, quitter, smoking starter, and persistent smoker. The associations between smoking behavior changes and DM incidence in overall and specific cancers were investigated using Cox regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 263,940 cancer survivors, 67.6 % were never smokers, 16.0 % were ex-smokers, 9.3 % were quitters, 1.0 % were smoking starters, and 6.2 % were persistent smokers. During a mean follow-up of 4.0 years, 12,175 patients were diagnosed with DM after cancer development. Compared to the never smokers, the adjusted hazard ratios (95 % confidential interval) of DM incidence were 1.06 (1.00–1.13) for ex-smokers, 1.45 (1.35–1.54) for quitters, 1.46 (1.25–1.71) for starters, and 1.57 (1.45–1.69) for persistent smokers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compared with never smokers, cancer survivors who engaged smoking at any point before or after cancer diagnosis showed an increased risk of DM incidence after cancer diagnosis. Cancer survivors should be advised to quit smoking promptly and to maintain abstinence throughout cancer survivorship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-hour post-load glucose is associated with biopsy-proven metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in obese individuals","authors":"Fangqin Yuan ,&nbsp;Da Fang ,&nbsp;Hao Xu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Nie ,&nbsp;Wen Cai ,&nbsp;Tianwei Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To investigate the association between one-hour post-load plasma glucose (1h-PG) levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinical data were collected from 538 obese participants who underwent oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and liver biopsy in the Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with the Nanjing University Medical School. Participants were categorized into normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (pre-DM), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) groups, with further stratification of the NGT group into 1h-PG Low and 1h-PG High. The diagnosis of MASLD and MASH was performed using the NASH Clinical Research Network scoring system. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between each category and MASLD/ MASH.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of MASLD and MASH progressively increased across NGT 1h-PG Low, NGT 1h-PG High, pre-DM and T2DM groups. Compared to the NGT 1h-PG Low group, the NGT 1h-PG High group had a significantly higher risk of MASLD (OR 3.27 [95 % CI 1.32;8.09]) and MASH (OR 3.08 [1.55;6.11]), which is similar to the pre-DM group. Additionally, elevated 1h-PG levels were associated with hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, and fibrosis. Mediation analysis indicated that Matsuda insulin sensitivity index and disposition index played a sequential mediating role between 1h-PG and hepatic steatosis, accounting for 14.23 % of total effect (β 0.014 [95 % CI 0.002;0.035]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Elevated 1h-PG levels increase the risk of MASLD and MASH in obese individuals. Early screening and management of MASLD are necessary, even in NGT individuals when 1h-PG levels are ≥8.6 mmol/l.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11334,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolism","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 101588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}