Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease最新文献

{"title":"Lesion on the oral mucosa due to American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and on the lip due to Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a rare case report","authors":"Flávia Sirotheau Corrêa Pontes ,&nbsp;Emilie Christina Teixeira de Barros ,&nbsp;Igor Mesquita Lameira ,&nbsp;Karolyny Martins Balbinot ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Moraes Costa ,&nbsp;Lorena Paula de Paula ,&nbsp;Felipe Paiva Fonseca ,&nbsp;Hélder Antônio Rebelo Pontes","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis is an endemic parasitic disease in several regions, including Brazil. Squamous Cell Carcinoma is the main malignant neoplasm of the head and neck and is strongly linked to chronic sunburn. We present a rare case in which a patient exhibits the manifestation of both diseases in the oral region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 1","pages":"Article 116727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing clinical laboratories: The impact of artificial intelligence in diagnostics and patient care","authors":"Asem Ali Ashraf ,&nbsp;Srinidhi Rai ,&nbsp;Sameeksha Alva ,&nbsp;Priya D. Alva ,&nbsp;Sriram Naresh","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) is fundamentally transforming clinical laboratories, significantly improving diagnostic precision and operational effectiveness in the fields of pathology, microbiology, and biochemistry. This evolution holds great promise for advancing patient care and enhancing disease management strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A comprehensive literature review was performed using established databases, including Google Scholar, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed. Recent studies published between 2020 and 2024 were sourced using focused keywords related to AI's application in clinical laboratory settings. The inclusion criteria prioritized peer-reviewed articles that contributed to innovations in diagnostic methodologies and operational efficiency. A thematic analysis was conducted to collate findings regarding AI's impact across the preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical phases of laboratory work.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>AI significantly enhances various laboratory processes, such as histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and microbiological diagnostics. Notable applications include workflow automation, detailed analysis of biomarker data, and real-time processing to facilitate clinical decision-making. However, the benefits of AI come with challenges, including concerns about data integrity, ethical implications, and potential biases in algorithms, requiring careful management as AI becomes more integrated into clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The future of clinical laboratories is poised for increased automation and the incorporation of AI and IoT technologies. While these advancements offer the potential for improved healthcare outcomes through greater accuracy and efficiency, evolving ethical and legal frameworks are crucial to address issues related to data privacy and accountability of algorithms. Ongoing adaptation and exploration of AI applications are vital to fully harnessing its capabilities in diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 4","pages":"Article 116728"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifocal Candida infections in cancer patients face dual challenges of surgical risk and drug resistance","authors":"Rasha M. Abdel-Hamid ,&nbsp;Mohammed E. Abdelhafiz ,&nbsp;Wafaa S. Khalaf ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Ashour","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multifocal <em>Candida</em> infections represent a serious threat for cancer patients, often leading to increased mortality. This study investigates the risk factors and outcomes for multifocal <em>Candida</em> infections compared to single-site infections and evaluates species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns. Fifty-seven <em>Candida</em> isolates were obtained from 23 cancer patients with multifocal infections. Another 57 isolates were collected from 57 matched patients with single-site infections. Germ tube test and CHROMAgar medium were used for species identification. Antifungal susceptibility of amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole, and voriconazole was determined following the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI), M60-Ed2. Of the 80 cancer patients, the majority of cases involved solid tumors (85.0 %), with gastrointestinal cancer being the most common in both multifocal and single-focal groups (<em>p</em> = 0.207). Significantly more patients with multifocal infections were admitted to the ICU compared to those with single-site infections (60.9 % versus 34.0 %, <em>p</em> = 0.029). Surgical procedures independently increased the risk for multifocal infections (OR: 10.506, <em>p</em> = 0.047). Multifocal infections had a significantly higher mortality rate than single-site infections (69.6 % versus 42.1 %, OR: 3.143, <em>p</em> = 0.026). Non-albicans <em>Candida</em> (NAC) species constituted 57.9 % (n = 66) of the 114 isolates, with <em>Candida glabrata</em> being the most prevalent (n = 49, 43.0 %). All tested antifungals revealed high resistance rates, particularly amphotericin B (79.8 %) and fluconazole (53.5 %). NAC species demonstrated significantly higher resistance rates than <em>Candida albicans</em>. Multifocal <em>Candida</em> infections in cancer patients showed higher mortality, with surgical procedures and ICU admission as key risk factors. The increasingly prevalent resistant NAC species, particularly <em>C. glabrata</em>, need accurate identification, antifungal stewardship, and new therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 4","pages":"Article 116726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of optimized Real time-PCR HRM assay and SPR-based biosensor for noninvasive isolation of H. pylori and Clarithromycin resistance 23S-SNP subtype","authors":"Atena Abedi Maghami ,&nbsp;Ashraf Mohabati Mobarez ,&nbsp;Abbas Yadegar ,&nbsp;Maryam Nikkhah ,&nbsp;Amir Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Marziyeh Mousazadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High Resolution Melting analysis is a highly sensitive molecular method, and the plasmonic-based sensor is a convenient test, be clinically elicited, in simultaneous <em>H. pylori</em> control and the prevention of Clarithromycin resistant strains related to SNPs. Comparing gold standard tests, we evaluated HRMA and the SPR-based biosensor in regard to noninvasive forms of <em>H. pylori</em> management, and explored resistance through a possible mechanism by 23S-SNPs.We optimized Realtime-PCR HRM analysis, and SPR-based biosensor. Referring to CTs ± 38, isolation sensitivity was evaluated at 74 %. Compared to the reference-test, results agreements were assessed with a kappa of 43 %, <em>p</em> = 0.001. Within melting plots (differentiation plot), the strains were detectable at Tms ranging from 81.5 to 82.3 (°C). Contributing to phenotypically determined resistant strains for 44 %, there was a wide distribution among resistant variants assessed through Tms of 82, 81.5, 82, 82.3, and 81.7 (°C). A2143C was the only mutation isolated at a specific Tm of 82.3°C; kappa = 8 %, <em>p</em> = 0.3. For sensing analysis, including 100 % specificity, this sensor type was associated with lower sensitivity of 49 %, kappa=19 %, <em>p</em> = 0. 01. For SNP, specificity, kappa value, and p-value of isolation were 100 %, 100 %, and 0.001. Lod was 0.003 ng/mL and 0.03 µg/mL for HRM assay and sensing analysis. In our evaluations, applicable priority of HRM analysis was the higher estimation of sensitivity; its differentiation plot was completely covered the results of strain variability regarding specific SNPs detection. Consistent with the biosensor for isolation of SNP, the development of biosensors is the necessity for noninvasive <em>H. pylori</em> detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 4","pages":"Article 116722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143284138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of community-acquired hypervirulent Acinetobacter Pittii infection, study of molecular characteristics, and literature review","authors":"Jian Sun ,&nbsp;Wenzeng Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Zhan ,&nbsp;Xin Tian ,&nbsp;Yunsong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Acinetobacter pittii</em>, is typically a nosocomial pathogen and is rarely community-acquired.</div></div><div><h3>Case Presentation</h3><div>A 50-year-old male in China developed septic shock, multiorgan failure, and severe pneumonia. Cultures confirmed <em>A. pittii</em>, resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam but susceptible to other antibiotics. He recovered after 43 days of treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Genome sequencing revealed high virulence, confirmed by larvicidal assays. This first report of community-acquired <em>A. pittii</em> highlights its potential for severe infections and septic shock, necessitating clinician awareness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 2","pages":"Article 116564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover 2 - Aims/Scopes, Ed Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0732-8893(24)00460-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0732-8893(24)00460-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 2","pages":"Article 116636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of bacterial respiratory tract infections during the pre-pandemic, COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic era: A retrospective study of hospitalized adults in northern Greece between 2018 and 2023","authors":"Kyriaki Dimaka ,&nbsp;Theodoros Karampatakis ,&nbsp;Melina Kachrimanidou ,&nbsp;Helen Katsifa ,&nbsp;Maria Exindari","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has had impact on global healthcare and respiratory disease patterns. The aim was to evaluate the changes in positive respiratory cultures during the pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis of respiratory specimens in Papanikolaou Hospital during 2018–2023 was performed. In total, 18,852 samples (12,277 males, 6575 females) of respiratory samples were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During 2018–2019, 684 BAL samples were received, of which 12.3 % were positive. Positive pharyngeal smears constituted 24.8 %, compared to 18.5 % in pandemic years, and 29.6 % in 2023. In PTC, pre-pandemic, positives were 12.3 %, while in 2021 the maximum percentage of positives (21.9 %) was observed. Positive levels remained high in 2023 (18.3 %). Concerning bronchial secretions, there was an increase (55.3 % in 2022 vs 47.0 % in 2019). The predominant bacteria were <em>Acinetobacter spp, Klebsiella spp</em> and <em>Pseudomonas spp</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Except for the bronchial secretions, the rest of the respiratory specimens do not exhibit any definite trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating a novel quantitative assay for HIV-1 VL among Chinese individuals infected with HIV","authors":"Yue Chang ,&nbsp;Ting Zhu ,&nbsp;Yufei Miao ,&nbsp;Haiyin Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhixin Hao ,&nbsp;Taisheng Li ,&nbsp;Yang Han","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring viral load (VL) is essential for HIV/AIDS treatment management. China's reliance on costly imported VL assays limits accessibility. In this study, we evaluated the Revvity, a novel quantitative PCR-based HIV-1 VL assay developed in China, against the Roche Cobas assay for qualitative and quantitative concordance using concordance, linear regression, and Bland-Altman analysis. Assessing 399 samples from HIV-positive outpatients, we found 99.19 % (368/371) agreement on positivity and a strong correlation (r = 0.981, p &lt; 0.0001) over the assays’ linear ranges. The mean log10 copies/mL difference between assays was -0.025 (95 % CI: -0.055 to -0.005). At VL ≥1000 copies/mL, VL &lt;1000 copies/mL, and VL &lt;200 copies/mL, 94.0 %, 96.1 %, and 92.9 % of paired results fell within 95 % limits of agreement, respectively. Notably, Revvity was more effective at identifying low VL samples as positive compared to Roche. The Revvity assay offers a consistent, cost-effective alternative for HIV VL monitoring, especially beneficial in resource-limited settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 4","pages":"Article 116723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden threats: Brucellosis diagnosis and co-infection patterns in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever suspects","authors":"Murtaza Öz ,&nbsp;Fatih Çubuk ,&nbsp;Yasemin Çakır Kıymaz ,&nbsp;Caner Öksüz ,&nbsp;Mürşit Hasbek ,&nbsp;Seyit Ali Büyüktuna ,&nbsp;Nazif Elaldı","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the frequency of brucellosis in patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this study, 1231 patients were evaluated retrospectively, including 14 patients with CCHF and brucellosis coinfection and 25 patients with brucellosis alone. Statistical methods such as the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test were used.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Of the patients with a preliminary diagnosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), 3.2% were found to have brucellosis. In the group co-infected with brucellosis and CCHF, the time to hospital admission was shorter. Additionally, tick exposure and headache were observed more frequently in this group. Creatine kinase levels were found to be higher in the co-infected group, while lymphocyte counts and fibrinogen levels were lower compared to the group with brucellosis alone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study revealed a 3.2% rate of brucellosis in patients with a preliminary diagnosis of CCHF. Due to the similarity of symptoms and common risk factors, the differential diagnosis of brucellosis should be considered in patients diagnosed with CCHF. Additionally, the possibility of brucellosis coexisting with CCHF should always be considered. Even in patients diagnosed with CCHF, an evaluation for brucellosis must be conducted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The performance of nanopore sequencing in rapid detection of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes in blood cultures","authors":"Wentao Gu ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Qin ,&nbsp;Meilin Duan ,&nbsp;Minggui Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanlin Guan ,&nbsp;Xiaogang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid identification of causative microbes and their resistance is essential for effective monitoring, treating, and controlling of infectious diseases. Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) is capable of generating and analyzing data in real time, its potential in clinically detecting pathogens and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and subsequently predicting resistance phenotypes needs to be evaluated. In this study, positive blood cultures from 67 patients with bloodstream infection were collected for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), ONT next generation sequencing (NGS) with a sequencing time limit of 1 h, and Illumina NGS. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was also performed. ONT NGS achieved 100 % coincidence rate (67/67) with MALDI-TOF-MS and Illumina NGS in pathogen identification, the sensitivity reached 100 %. Both ONT and Illumina NGS detected a high number of AMR genes (584 and 585, respectively). The consistent rate of ONT NGS against Illumina NGS for AMR genes detection reached 91.79 % (537/585). When considering antimicrobial susceptibility test results as the standard to evaluate the prediction value of ONT NGS in detecting AMR genes, ONT NGS showed competitive sensitivity (77.4 % vs 77.3 %), specificity (83.3 % vs 83.7 %), and accuracy (80.4 % vs 80.4 %) with Illumina NGS. Furthermore, the average time cost of ONT NGS (3.5 h) was significantly shorter than Illumina NGS (50.5 h) and MALDI-TOF-MS + antimicrobial susceptibility test (66-96 h). These findings highlight the potential of ONT NGS in rapidly and accurately detecting pathogens and AMR genes in clinical practices, which can assist in predicting resistance phenotypes and subsequently improving the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}