Viktoryia Uhnevionak, C. Strenger, A. Burenkov, V. Mortet, E. Bedel-Pereira, J. Lorenz, P. Pichler
{"title":"Characterization of n-channel MOSFETs: Electrical measurements and simulation analysis","authors":"Viktoryia Uhnevionak, C. Strenger, A. Burenkov, V. Mortet, E. Bedel-Pereira, J. Lorenz, P. Pichler","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818864","url":null,"abstract":"n-channel 4H-SiC MOSFETs were manufactured and characterized electrically at room temperature by current-voltage and Hall-effect measurements as well as by numerical simulations. To describe the observed electrical characteristics of the SiC MOSFETs, Near-Interface Trap (NIT) and charge carrier mobility degradation models were included in the simulation, performed with Sentaurus Device of Synopsys. For an accurate description of interface defects, their density versus trap energy was extracted from Hall-effect measurements. The result of the extraction indicates a continuous spreading of interface traps in the SiC conduction band, which was not reported before. For the first time also, the interface trap density as a function of trap energy as extracted from Hall-effect measurements was used directly in Sentaurus Device simulations. To check the applicability of the suggested model, it was used for the electrical simulation of MOSFETs with different channel lengths and widths but manufactured using the same technological processes. The developed simulation model shows excellent agreement with experimental results.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133614930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Nakane, Y. Shuto, H. Sukegawa, Z. Wen, Shuu'ichirou Yamamoto, S. Mitani, Masaaki Tanaka, K. Inomata, S. Sugahara
{"title":"Monolithic integration of pseudo-spin-MOSFETs using a custom CMOS chip fabricated through multi-project wafer service","authors":"R. Nakane, Y. Shuto, H. Sukegawa, Z. Wen, Shuu'ichirou Yamamoto, S. Mitani, Masaaki Tanaka, K. Inomata, S. Sugahara","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818871","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrated monolithic integration of pseudo-spin-MOSFETs (PS-MOSFETs) using vendor-made MOSFETs fabricated in a low-cost multi-project wafer (MPW) product and lab-made magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) formed on the topmost passivation film of the MPW chip. The tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio of the fabricated MTJs strongly depended on the surface roughness of the passivation film. Nevertheless, after the chip surface was atomically flattened by SiO2 deposition and successive chemical-mechanical polish (CMP) process, the fabricated MTJs on the surface exhibited a sufficiently large TMR ratio (> 140 %) adaptable to the PS-MOSFET application. The implemented PS-MOSFETs showed clear modulation of the output current controlled by the magnetization configuration of the MTJs, and a maximum magnetocurrent ratio of 90 % was achieved. These magnetocurrent behaviors were quantitatively consistent with those predicted by HSPICE simulations. The developed integration technique using a MPW CMOS chip would also be applied to monolithic integration of CMOS devices/circuits and other various functional devices/materials, which would open the door for exploring CMOS-based new functional hybrid circuits.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124924742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin Rebuffat, V. D. Marca, P. Masson, J. Ogier, M. Mantelli, Olivier Paulet, L. Lopez, R. Laffont
{"title":"Effect of ions presence in the SiOCH inter metal dielectric structure","authors":"Benjamin Rebuffat, V. D. Marca, P. Masson, J. Ogier, M. Mantelli, Olivier Paulet, L. Lopez, R. Laffont","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818858","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the electrical instabilities of Inter Metal Dielectric (IMD) SiOCH are investigated. These instabilities concern leakage current between metal lines and dielectric breakdown. At room temperature IMD leakage current tends to increase with waiting time. At high temperature and without electrical stress, a defect recovering phenomenon occurs and leakage current decreases. Depending on the applied electrical field, different conduction mechanisms are activated. At low field, Ionic conduction predominates, whereas at high electric field, Poole-Frenkel conduction is predominant. Comparing data and simulation results, ion activation energy is estimated. Then, presence of alkaline ions in SiOCH is suggested as the cause of electrical instabilities. Finally, Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown (TDDB) is modeled as a function of initial leakage current and stress voltage bias.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126001723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kawasaki, A. Dobroiu, T. Eto, Y. Kurita, K. Kojima, Y. Yabe, H. Sugiyama, Takayuki Watanabe, Susumu Takabayashi, T. Suemitsu, V. Ryzhii, K. Iwatsuki, T. Otsuji, Y. Fukada, J. Kani, J. Terada, N. Yoshimoto
{"title":"Graphene-channel FETs for photonic frequency double-mixing conversion over the sub-THz band","authors":"T. Kawasaki, A. Dobroiu, T. Eto, Y. Kurita, K. Kojima, Y. Yabe, H. Sugiyama, Takayuki Watanabe, Susumu Takabayashi, T. Suemitsu, V. Ryzhii, K. Iwatsuki, T. Otsuji, Y. Fukada, J. Kani, J. Terada, N. Yoshimoto","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818882","url":null,"abstract":"We report on photonic frequency double-mixing conversion utilizing a graphene-channel FET (G-FET). Optoelectronic properties of graphene are exploited to perform single-chip photonic double-mixing functionality, which is greatly advantageous in future broadband technological conversion between optical fiber and sub-terahertz wireless communications. A 1-GHz modulation signal on a 125-GHz carrier is electrically input to the gate, whereas a 1.58-μm dual wavelength CW laser beam having a frequency difference of 112.5 GHz impinges on the G-FET. The G-FET works as a photomixer generating a 112.5-GHz local signal which is then electrically mixed to the 1-GHz modulated 125-GHz carrier signal, resulting in the down-conversion of the 1-GHz signal to a 12.5-GHz intermediate frequency (IF) signal.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125255689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Becherer, J. Kiermaier, S. B. Gamm, I. Eichwald, G. Csaba, D. Schmitt-Landsiedel
{"title":"Nanomagnetic logic clocked in the MHz regime","authors":"M. Becherer, J. Kiermaier, S. B. Gamm, I. Eichwald, G. Csaba, D. Schmitt-Landsiedel","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818872","url":null,"abstract":"Perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic (pNML) is a computing concept, where the local magnetization and fringing fields of ferromagnets are used to store and process information. So far, pNML devices have been exclusively operated at millisecond time scales. In this work, pNML magnets are clocked by a planar on-chip inductor at frequencies ranging from 100 kHz to 10 MHz. The inherent switching field (SF) and SF distribution (SFD) of an individual magnet is determined. An Arrhenius equation is used in order to model the SFD. Furthermore, a magnetic power-clock, implemented by an on-chip inductor with ferromagnetic cladding, is proposed and analyzed by finite element simulations. With the extracted data, an estimate of the power density of a scaled pNML computing system is given.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125417716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Sedghi, Jingwei Zhang, J. Ralph, Yi Huang, I. Mitrovic, S. Hall
{"title":"Towards rectennas for solar energy harvesting","authors":"N. Sedghi, Jingwei Zhang, J. Ralph, Yi Huang, I. Mitrovic, S. Hall","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818836","url":null,"abstract":"The modeling of terahertz components for application in rectifying antennas (rectennas) for solar energy harvesting is described. The components under consideration are metal insulator insulator metal (MIIM) rectifiers and patch antennas. The Schrödinger equation is solved using numerical methods, to predict the bound states that occur in the conduction band notch between the two insulators. These states provide for resonant tunneling in the forward bias condition so reducing the dynamic resistance of the diode allowing better matching with the antenna. The antenna separation is optimized to produce a broadband performance to cover the solar spectrum so indicating feasibility for their use in this application.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117133564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging memories","authors":"L. Baldi, G. Sandhu","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818813","url":null,"abstract":"Scaling of conventional charge-storage memories is becoming increasingly harder. Several new memory concepts (emerging memory: EM) are vying for the position of mainstream replacement. The landscape of EM technologies will be reviewed, with special attention to the most mature ones. The challenges for their integration in complex memory systems will be highlighted.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115879039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Vitale, M. Fernandez-Bolaños, A. Bazigos, C. Dehollain, A. Ionescu
{"title":"RF MEMS power sensors for ultra-low power wake-up circuit applications","authors":"W. Vitale, M. Fernandez-Bolaños, A. Bazigos, C. Dehollain, A. Ionescu","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818875","url":null,"abstract":"Power savings requirements in wake-up circuits and RFID applications can greatly benefit from the emerging RF MEM technology. In this paper we report an RF MEM power sensor that can simultaneously offer significant power savings and co-integration with wake-up CMOS circuitry. The RF MEM sensor has no DC power consumption (in contrast to solid state diodes) and can be actuated by an RF signal as low as tenths of μW. We investigate a design and operation exploiting an RF MEM capacitive switch biased near the pull-in voltage. The device has the remarkable feature of tunable power sensitivity by the applied DC bias. We experimentally demonstrate that the RF MEM power sensor principle can be efficiently applied to a wideband range of signals (measured from kHz to 6 GHz) and for RF power smaller than 1 μW. We report a study on the influence of the different parameters to better understand the performance (power savings and improved sensitivity with respect to standard capacitive sensors, up to 10 fF mW-1) and the limits of this device in terms of robustness/repeatability. An application for semi-passive RFID tags operating in the ISM bands (2.4-5.8 GHz) has been proposed, showing the feasibility of ultra-low power implementations of the wake-up circuit.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115574299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Traoré, E. Vianello, G. Molas, M. Gely, J. Nodin, E. Jalaguier, P. Blaise, B. D. Salvo, L. Fonseca, Kanhao Xue, Y. Nishi
{"title":"On the forming-free operation of HfOx based RRAM devices: Experiments and ab initio calculations","authors":"B. Traoré, E. Vianello, G. Molas, M. Gely, J. Nodin, E. Jalaguier, P. Blaise, B. D. Salvo, L. Fonseca, Kanhao Xue, Y. Nishi","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818846","url":null,"abstract":"We show experimentally that the first reset operation of forming-free HfOx based RRAM devices is of bulk type where the reset current is area dependent. Moreover, the device pristine resistance shows a weak inverse proportionality to temperature, which we associate to a sub-stoichiometric HfOx matrix created during device fabrication. Finally, we use ab initio calculations to gain insight into the atomistic structure of these forming-free RRAM devices.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"45 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131294541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Rigante, P. Livi, M. Wipf, K. Bedner, D. Bouvet, A. Bazigos, A. Rusu, A. Hierlemann, A. Ionescu
{"title":"Low power finfet ph-sensor with high-sensitivity voltage readout","authors":"S. Rigante, P. Livi, M. Wipf, K. Bedner, D. Bouvet, A. Bazigos, A. Rusu, A. Hierlemann, A. Ionescu","doi":"10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSDERC.2013.6818890","url":null,"abstract":"Low power n-channel fully depleted local-SOI FinFET integrated sensors have been developed and validated for the amplification of pH sensing signals. A simple architecture with one FinFET connected as depletion-mode load and another one as driving sensor, provides a maximum readout gain of 6.6 V/V with a maximum pH readout sensitivity of 185 mV/pH, at 2 V operation. By comparing the proposed amplifier with a single sensing FinFET the threshold voltage shift readout is shown to be 4.4 times larger. High-k dielectric HfO2 has been used to maximize both sensing and electronic performances. The FinFETs have been fabricated on bulk silicon by a local-SOI technique. FinFET thickness (TFin) and height (HFin) achieved are in the range of 20 nm ≤ T Fin ≤ 40 nm and 65 nm ≤ HFin ≤ 120 nm.","PeriodicalId":112804,"journal":{"name":"2013 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133813494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}