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Hearing Loss and Alzheimer Disease. 听力损失与阿尔茨海默病
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_526
Arianna Di Stadio, Mickie J Hamiter, Dalila Roccamatisi, Anil K Lalwani
{"title":"Hearing Loss and Alzheimer Disease.","authors":"Arianna Di Stadio, Mickie J Hamiter, Dalila Roccamatisi, Anil K Lalwani","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_526","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have been done to investigate the role of hearing loss (HL) in cognitive decline. A co-existence of these two conditions has been identified. Recently, thanks to the use of functional MRI and EEG it has been shown that untreated HL can expose patients with cognitive decline to a higher risk of developing Alzheimer Disease (AD). This chapter will discuss the difference between central and peripheral HL, the link between HL and cognition and the relationship between HL and AD. At the end of the chapter the available technologies to treat HL will be discussed as well as their impact on memory and cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"129-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity: Integrating Memory and Anxiety Impairments in the Early Stages of Alzheimer's Disease. 海马体突触可塑性：阿尔茨海默病早期整合记忆和焦虑障碍。
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_565
Mark A Good, David M Bannerman
{"title":"Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity: Integrating Memory and Anxiety Impairments in the Early Stages of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Mark A Good, David M Bannerman","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_565","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A decline in hippocampal function has long been associated with the progression of cognitive impairments in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The disruption of hippocampal synaptic plasticity [primarily the reduction of long-term potentiation LTP] by excess production of soluble beta-amyloid (Aβ) has long been accepted as the mechanism by which AD pathology impairs memory, at least during the early stages of AD pathogenesis. However, the premise that hippocampal LTP underpins the formation of associative, long-term memories has been challenged. Here, we consider evidence that this canonical view of LTP needs to be refined. Similarly, the view that the hippocampus simply supports memory ignores the wealth of data showing that the hippocampus is functionally heterogeneous along its septo-temporal axis. The ventral (but not the dorsal) hippocampus plays a major role in modulating emotional reactions to conflict. Here, we suggest that hippocampal LTP is not involved in forming long-term associative memories, but instead contributes to the disambiguation of overlapping memories in situations of conflict and associative interference. This conceptualisation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity may help explain how early-stage AD pathology may impact both memory and anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"27-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms (BPSD) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD): Development and Treatment. 阿尔茨海默病（AD）的行为和心理症状（BPSD）：发展和治疗
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_566
Hyewon H Lee, Arun Chinnameyyappan, Oriel J Feldman, Giovanni Marotta, Kate Survilla, Krista L Lanctôt
{"title":"Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms (BPSD) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD): Development and Treatment.","authors":"Hyewon H Lee, Arun Chinnameyyappan, Oriel J Feldman, Giovanni Marotta, Kate Survilla, Krista L Lanctôt","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_566","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), such as agitation, apathy, and psychosis, are highly prevalent and have a significant impact on patients and their care partners. The neurobiology of BPSD involves a complex interplay of structural brain changes and alterations in the neurotransmitter system. Various genetic and plasma biomarkers have also been studied. Research in BPSD has been limited by heterogeneity in the diagnostic criteria and assessment tools. As such, there have been ongoing efforts to develop a gold-standard assessment tool and diagnostic criteria. Current practice guidelines recommend nonpharmacological therapies as first-line treatments. Pharmacological options are often used when there is an insufficient response to nonpharmacological strategies, but there can be serious adverse effects with existing pharmacological agents. This has resulted in growing efforts to develop novel therapeutics with more favorable tolerability profiles, with some showing promising results. Other biological therapies, such as neurostimulation, have also demonstrated positive results. As our understanding of BPSD evolves, ongoing research efforts in treatment of BPSD are warranted in order to enhance the quality of life for patients and their care partners.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"245-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cholinergic System Structure and Function Changes in Individuals with Down Syndrome During the Development of Alzheimer's Disease. 唐氏综合征患者胆碱能系统结构和功能在阿尔茨海默病发展过程中的变化。
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_523
Jason K Russell, Alexander C Conley, Jo Ellen Wilson, Paul A Newhouse
{"title":"Cholinergic System Structure and Function Changes in Individuals with Down Syndrome During the Development of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Jason K Russell, Alexander C Conley, Jo Ellen Wilson, Paul A Newhouse","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_523","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adults with Down syndrome represent the population with the highest risk of developing Alzheimer's disease worldwide. The cholinergic system is known to decline in Alzheimer's disease, with this decline responsible for many of the cognitive deficits that develop. The integrity of the cholinergic system across the lifespan in individuals with Down syndrome is not well characterized. Small fetal and infant post-mortem studies suggest an intact cholinergic projection system with a potential reduction in cholinergic receptors, while post-mortem studies in adults with Down syndrome reveal an age-related decrease in cholinergic integrity. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) over the last 20 years have allowed for studies investigating the changes in cholinergic integrity across aging and during the development of Alzheimer's disease. One large cross-sectional study demonstrated reduced cholinergic basal forebrain volume measured by MRI associated with increasing Alzheimer's disease pathology. In a small cohort of adults with Down syndrome, we have recently reported that PET measures of cholinergic integrity negatively correlated with amyloid accumulation. New disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease and treatments under development for Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome have the potential to preserve the cholinergic system, while treatments targeting the cholinergic system directly may be used in conjunction with disease-modifying therapies to improve cognitive function further. A greater understanding of cholinergic neuronal and receptor integrity across the lifespan in individuals with Down syndrome will provide insights as to when targeting the cholinergic system is an appropriate therapeutic option and, in the future, maybe a valuable screening tool to identify individuals that would most benefit from cholinergic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"49-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DNA Methylation in Alzheimer's Disease. 阿尔茨海默病的 DNA 甲基化。
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_530
Luke Weymouth, Adam R Smith, Katie Lunnon
{"title":"DNA Methylation in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Luke Weymouth, Adam R Smith, Katie Lunnon","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_530","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To date, DNA methylation is the best characterized epigenetic modification in Alzheimer's disease. Involving the addition of a methyl group to the fifth carbon of the cytosine pyrimidine base, DNA methylation is generally thought to be associated with the silencing of gene expression. It has been hypothesized that epigenetics may mediate the interaction between genes and the environment in the manifestation of Alzheimer's disease, and therefore studies investigating DNA methylation could elucidate novel disease mechanisms. This chapter comprehensively reviews epigenomic studies, undertaken in human brain tissue and purified brain cell types, focusing on global methylation levels, candidate genes, epigenome wide approaches, and recent meta-analyses. We discuss key differentially methylated genes and pathways that have been highlighted to date, with a discussion on how new technologies and the integration of multiomic data may further advance the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"149-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What Can We Learn About Alzheimer's Disease from People with Down Syndrome? 我们能从唐氏综合症患者身上学到什么？
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_546
Lucia Maure-Blesa, Iñigo Rodríguez-Baz, Maria Carmona-Iragui, Juan Fortea
{"title":"What Can We Learn About Alzheimer's Disease from People with Down Syndrome?","authors":"Lucia Maure-Blesa, Iñigo Rodríguez-Baz, Maria Carmona-Iragui, Juan Fortea","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_546","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent cause of intellectual disability of genetic origin, estimated to affect about 1 in 700 babies born worldwide (CDC 2023). In Europe and the United States, current estimates indicate a population prevalence of 5.6 and 6.7 per 10,000 individuals, respectively, which translates to more than 200,000 people in the United States, more than 400,000 people in Europe, and approximately six million worldwide. Advances in healthcare and the treatment of accompanying conditions have significantly prolonged the lifespan of those with DS over the past 50 years. Consequently, there is a pressing need to address the challenges associated with ageing among this population, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) being the primary concern. In this chapter, we will review the significance of studying this population to understand AD biology, the insights gained on AD in DS (DSAD), and how this knowledge can help us understand the AD not only in DS but also in the general population. We will conclude by exploring the objectives that remain to be accomplished.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"197-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Achieving Inclusion in Pharmacological Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease. 实现纳入阿尔茨海默病的药理临床试验。
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_522
Doris Molina-Henry, Rema Raman
{"title":"Achieving Inclusion in Pharmacological Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Doris Molina-Henry, Rema Raman","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_522","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Participant recruitment and retention into randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is a growing and evolving science. It varies dramatically by discipline given the important and key choices that must be made based on the unique trial design considerations. In the field of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) therapeutics, recruitment goals, approaches, and strategies vary based on the disease stage of the target population which can range from asymptomatic adults with biomarker evidence of the disease to end-stage symptom management. This chapter discusses existing barriers and provides recommendations to achieve inclusive and timely recruitment in multi-center AD trials. It proposes an evidence-based recruitment framework anchored on culturally cognizant and participant focused study level and study site level efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"229-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biological Sex Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease. 阿尔茨海默病的生物性别差异。
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_545
Jawza A Almutairi, Emma J Kidd
{"title":"Biological Sex Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Jawza A Almutairi, Emma J Kidd","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_545","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease is a highly complex and multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder, with age being the most significant risk factor. The incidence of Alzheimer's disease doubles every 5 years after the age of 65. Consequently, one of the major challenges in Alzheimer's disease research is understanding how the brain changes with age. Gaining insights into these changes could help identify individuals who are more prone to developing Alzheimer's disease as they age. Over the past 25 years, studies on brain aging have examined thousands of human brains to explore the neuronal basis of age-related cognitive decline. However, most of these studies have focused on adults over 60, often neglecting the critical menopause transition period. During menopause, women experience a substantial decline in ovarian sex hormone production, with a decrease of about 90% in estrogen levels. Estrogen is known for its neuroprotective effects, and its significant loss during menopause affects various biological systems, including the brain. Importantly, despite known differences in dementia risk between sexes, the impact of biological sex and sex hormones on brain aging and the development of Alzheimer's disease remains underexplored.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"79-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Involvement of Complement in Alzheimer's Disease: From Genetics Through Pathology to Therapeutic Strategies. 补体在阿尔茨海默病中的参与：从遗传学到病理学再到治疗策略。
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_524
Nikoleta Daskoulidou, Sarah M Carpanini, Wioleta M Zelek, B Paul Morgan
{"title":"Involvement of Complement in Alzheimer's Disease: From Genetics Through Pathology to Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Nikoleta Daskoulidou, Sarah M Carpanini, Wioleta M Zelek, B Paul Morgan","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_524","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complement is a critical component of innate immunity, evolved to defend against pathogens and clear toxic debris ranging from dead and dying cells to immune complexes. These roles make complement a key player in homeostasis; however, complement has a dark side. When the rigid control mechanisms fail, complement becomes dysregulated, acting as a driver of inflammation and resultant pathology in numerous diseases. Roles of complement in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias have emerged in recent years, supported by genetic, biomarker and pathological evidence and animal model studies. Numerous questions remain regarding the precise roles of complement in the brain in health and disease, including where and when complement is expressed, how it contributes to immune defence and garbage disposal in the healthy brain, and exactly how complement contributes to pathology in dementias. In this brief review, we will summarise current knowledge on complement roles in brain, present the evidence implicating complement in AD and explore whether complement represents an attractive therapeutic target for AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"3-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction to: Involvement of Complement in Alzheimer's Disease: From Genetics Through Pathology to Therapeutic Strategies. 更正：补体在阿尔茨海默病中的参与：从遗传学到病理学到治疗策略。
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_576
Nikoleta Daskoulidou, Sarah M Carpanini, Wioleta M Zelek, B Paul Morgan
{"title":"Correction to: Involvement of Complement in Alzheimer's Disease: From Genetics Through Pathology to Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Nikoleta Daskoulidou, Sarah M Carpanini, Wioleta M Zelek, B Paul Morgan","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_576","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_576","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"C1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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