Advanced Energy Materials最新文献_第6页

Single Atom Extracting Photoexcited Holes for Key Photocatalytic Reactions 关键光催化反应中单原子提取光激发空穴

IF 27.8 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202501945

Amin Talebian‐Kiakalaieh, Elhussein M. Hashem, Meijun Guo, Jingrun Ran, Shi‐Zhang Qiao

{"title":"Single Atom Extracting Photoexcited Holes for Key Photocatalytic Reactions","authors":"Amin Talebian‐Kiakalaieh, Elhussein M. Hashem, Meijun Guo, Jingrun Ran, Shi‐Zhang Qiao","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202501945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202501945","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances on material science result in the emerging concept of single atom catalysts as highly efficient photocatalysts to optimize the conversion efficiency of solar energy into chemicals/fuels. After more than five decades of research, severe electron–hole recombination remains the key bottleneck restricting the photocatalytic reactions. Particularly, the sluggish hole extraction/migration kinetic seriously suppresses the charge separation/transport. Thus, accelerating hole transfer kinetics emerges as the effective route to boost the photocatalytic processes. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, a timely review, which focuses on single atom extracting photogenerated hole for important photocatalytic reactions, is still missing. Thus, this review summarizes the latest achievement of hole extraction in single‐/dual‐single atom photocatalysts for key energy/environment‐related reactions (e.g., water splitting, Carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction, Nitrogen (N2) fixation, and wastewater treatment/pollutant degradation). Particularly, this review introduces the important role of advanced ex/in situ characterizations for exploring charge kinetics. It also offers new insights into accurate design of advanced single‐/dual‐single atom photocatalysts with optimized electron/hole transfer kinetics for key energy/environmental‐related applications.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stabilizing Interfaces of All‐Ceramic Composite Cathodes for Li‐Garnet Batteries 锂石榴石电池用全陶瓷复合阴极的稳定界面研究

IF 27.8 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202502280

Steffen Weinmann, Hana Gobena, Lucie Quincke, Jesse J. Hinricher, Samuel Merk, Hyunwon Chu, Thorben Prein, Jennifer L.M. Rupp, Kun Joong Kim

{"title":"Stabilizing Interfaces of All‐Ceramic Composite Cathodes for Li‐Garnet Batteries","authors":"Steffen Weinmann, Hana Gobena, Lucie Quincke, Jesse J. Hinricher, Samuel Merk, Hyunwon Chu, Thorben Prein, Jennifer L.M. Rupp, Kun Joong Kim","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202502280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202502280","url":null,"abstract":"The development of all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries employing oxide electrolytes is limited due to chemical incompatibilities and elevated interfacial resistance. In particular, high‐temperature co‐firing of composite cathodes leads to secondary phase formation at the interface between the active material and the electrolyte (catholyte), which in turn degrades electrochemical performance. Here, the cation interdiffusion mechanism is investigated during the co‐firing of Li‐garnet (Li7La3Zr2O12) and LiCoO2 under varying partial pressures of lithium and oxygen at elevated temperatures. At reduced partial pressures of lithium and oxygen, the formation of a minor secondary phase, LaCoO3 is observed; however, this phase is suppressed under higher partial pressures, resulting in a substantial increase in electrical conductivity by several orders of magnitude. Highly dense, secondary‐phase‐free composite cathodes are successfully fabricated that deliver the highest reported areal discharge capacity of 3.48 mAh cm⁻2 at room temperature under a current density of 0.25 mA cm⁻2, demonstrating the cathode's outstanding performance. These findings offer promising insights for the development of all‐oxide solid‐state battery prototypes incorporating thin oxide electrolytes and lithium metal anodes.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi‐Site Lead Passivation via Spatial Configuration Modulation of Additives for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells 高效钙钛矿太阳能电池添加剂空间结构调制的多位点铅钝化

IF 27.8 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202502409

Zewu Feng, Yanbo Wang, Jinzhi Si, Jianjun Xu, Yansen Guo, Hailong Huang, Yi Ji, Huanyu Zhang, Le Li, Shuilong Kang, Xueqi Wu, Xin Li, Yige Peng, Yitong Liu, Chenghao Ge, Chaopeng Huang, Yurou Zhang, Jingsong Sun, Siyu Chen, Weichang Zhou, Dongsheng Tang, Youyong Li, Bin Ding, Jefferson Zhe Liu, Klaus Weber, Nan Hu, Xiang He, Yi Cui, Hualin Zhan, Xiaohong Zhang, Jun Peng

{"title":"Multi‐Site Lead Passivation via Spatial Configuration Modulation of Additives for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Zewu Feng, Yanbo Wang, Jinzhi Si, Jianjun Xu, Yansen Guo, Hailong Huang, Yi Ji, Huanyu Zhang, Le Li, Shuilong Kang, Xueqi Wu, Xin Li, Yige Peng, Yitong Liu, Chenghao Ge, Chaopeng Huang, Yurou Zhang, Jingsong Sun, Siyu Chen, Weichang Zhou, Dongsheng Tang, Youyong Li, Bin Ding, Jefferson Zhe Liu, Klaus Weber, Nan Hu, Xiang He, Yi Cui, Hualin Zhan, Xiaohong Zhang, Jun Peng","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202502409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202502409","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold great promise as the next‐generation low‐cost photovoltaic technology due to their solution processability; however, this very advantage introduces intrinsic defects and microstructural imperfections, often limiting their performance and stability. Here, 4,4′‐oxydibenzenesulfonyl chloride (OBSC), featuring a flexible backbone with two sulfonyl chloride (SO2Cl) groups, is introduced as a bifunctional molecular additive to simultaneously passivate defects and regulate crystallization in perovskite films. The unique spatial configuration enables multi‐site coordination, strongly binding to uncoordinated lead (Pb2+) via Pb−O interactions and interacting with formamidinium (FA+) through hydrogen bonding, effectively suppressing nonradiative recombination. Concurrently, OBSC stabilizes perovskite‐solvent intermediate phases, retarding crystallization kinetics to promote the formation of high‐quality films with enlarged grains and reduced trap densities. Consequently, the optimized PSCs demonstrate a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.39% (certified 26.03%). Furthermore, the device retains 96% of the initial PCE after 1100 h of continuous one‐sun illumination. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of bifunctional additives in simultaneously addressing defects and crystallization issues, presenting a powerful strategy for achieving high‐performance, stable perovskite photovoltaics.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ambipolar Interfacial Molecule for Enhancing Performances of Perovskite Solar Cells with Versatile Architectures Under Various Illumination Environments (Adv. Energy Mater. 26/2025) 双极性界面分子用于增强多种结构钙钛矿太阳能电池在不同光照环境下的性能（Adv. Energy Mater. 26/2025）

IF 24.4 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202570115

Min Jun Choi, Seok Woo Lee, Hongjae Shim, So Jeong Shin, Hye W. Chun, Sang Eun Yoon, Juan Anthony Prayogo, Jan Seidel, Jae Sung Yun, Dong Wook Chang, Jong H. Kim

引用次数: 0

Advances in Interfacial Electrostatic Energy Harvesting via Direct Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators 直流摩擦纳米发电机界面静电能量收集的研究进展

IF 27.8 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202502544

Zhihao Zhao, Jie Wang

{"title":"Advances in Interfacial Electrostatic Energy Harvesting via Direct Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators","authors":"Zhihao Zhao, Jie Wang","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202502544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202502544","url":null,"abstract":"Interfacial electrostatic energy, widely presents in natural and artificial environments, has long been regarded as a hazardous and uncontrollable energy form due to its erratic discharge behavior. The advent of direct current triboelectric nanogenerators (DC‐TENGs) has opened new approaches for effectively harvesting electrostatic energy during electrostatic discharges and generating unidirectional current outputs without external rectifiers. Compared with conventional alternating current TENGs, DC‐TENGs offer simplified circuit design, and better adaptability for directly driving electronic devices. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the fundamental mechanisms of DC‐TENGs, including air breakdown‐based charge transfer and structural innovations that enable continuous DC output. The key factors affecting performance are systematically analyzed, such as material selection, structural configuration, and environmental conditions, along with recent strategies for performance enhancement. Furthermore, the versatility of DC‐TENGs is highlighted through their wide‐ranging applications in high‐voltage power generation, micro/nano energy sources, wearable electronics, self‐powered sensors, and ocean wave energy harvesting. This review concludes with perspectives on future research directions and practical deployment, emphasizing the potential of DC‐TENGs in enabling sustainable, distributed energy systems for smart environments and next‐generation electronics.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144593861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon Dots Induced Supramolecular Gel Polymer Electrolyte for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries (Adv. Energy Mater. 26/2025) 高性能锂金属电池用碳点诱导超分子凝胶聚合物电解质（Adv. Energy Mater. 26/2025）

IF 24.4 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202570113

Xingang Liu, Lidong Sun, Fei Zhai, Tao Wu, Peng Wang, Hongyan Du, Yanbin Xu, Xiaolong Wang

引用次数: 0

Sub‐Single‐Crystal and Grain‐Boundary Bonding Strategy for Superior Battery Stability 亚单晶和晶界键合策略提高电池稳定性

IF 27.8 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202502841

Qilin Tong, Hao Tong, Changlang Liang, Yan Cheng, Li Wang, Zhaozhe Yu, Xiangming He

{"title":"Sub‐Single‐Crystal and Grain‐Boundary Bonding Strategy for Superior Battery Stability","authors":"Qilin Tong, Hao Tong, Changlang Liang, Yan Cheng, Li Wang, Zhaozhe Yu, Xiangming He","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202502841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202502841","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrahigh‐nickel cathodes have become a promising option for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, traditional ultrahigh‐nickel secondary particles often crack at the interfaces between primary grains, causing significant surface side reactions. On the other hand, single‐crystalline particles face issues like long lithium‐ion diffusion paths and surface reconstructions. To address these challenges, this study introduces a sub‐single‐crystal structural strategy designed to shorten lithium‐ion diffusion paths within the particles and uses a grain‐boundary bonding technique to reduce the risk of secondary microsphere fracturing due to uneven mechanical stress. Specifically, 1 µm LiNi0.93Mn0.07O2 single‐crystal particles are bonded with Li3BO3 to create secondary particles. These smaller single‐crystal particles not only reduce the diffusion distance but also improve Li+ transport channels at grain boundaries. The bonding layer effectively limits electrolyte–electrode contact, prevents harmful grain phase changes, and boosts the cycle stability of the electrode material. In full battery tests with graphite anodes at a 1 C‐rate, the capacity retention rate is nearly 90% after 800 cycles at room temperature and about 82% after 800 cycles at 60°C. These results show that the structural design strategy greatly enhances structural stability. This research provides a solution for ultra‐high nickel cathodes, offering strong potential for advancing their practical applications.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contact Lithiation‐Assisted Alloying Enabling Fast‐Charging Silicon Anodes 接触锂化辅助合金化实现快速充电硅阳极

IF 27.8 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202502394

Kai Cheng, Shiyu Liu, Tiancheng Dong, Wenyu Wang, Yujie Zeng, Renming Zhan, Xiancheng Wang, Yucheng Tan, Xiangrui Duan, Xiaoxue Chen, Chunhao Li, Taoyang Ou, Chenhui Li, Kaifu Huo, Li wang, Yongming Sun

{"title":"Contact Lithiation‐Assisted Alloying Enabling Fast‐Charging Silicon Anodes","authors":"Kai Cheng, Shiyu Liu, Tiancheng Dong, Wenyu Wang, Yujie Zeng, Renming Zhan, Xiancheng Wang, Yucheng Tan, Xiangrui Duan, Xiaoxue Chen, Chunhao Li, Taoyang Ou, Chenhui Li, Kaifu Huo, Li wang, Yongming Sun","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202502394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202502394","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium (Li) dendrites form during fast charging due to sluggish alloying kinetics, causing poor cycling stability and safety risks in silicon (Si)‐based lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Here, we proposed a contact lithiation‐assisted alloying mechanism to accelerate Si anode kinetics. Regulating Li deposits from a loose dendritic form to a dense, adherent layer with enhanced Li diffusion kinetics facilitates contact lithiation with Si, ensuring a fast reaction rate and high Li utilization of the Li deposits, thereby substantially improving the fast‐charging performance of the Si anode. This mitigates dendritic Li plating and the accumulation of inactive Li species on the electrode surface. Decorating Si particles with ultra‐fine (∼10 nm) uniformly distributed Ag nanodomains facilitates conformal Li plating on the electrode surface, enabling in situ contact lithiation and faster alloying kinetics. The Si@Ag electrode exhibited a high average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.2% over 300 cycles at 3 C, compared to~ 96.4% for the bare Si electrode. An Ah‐level LiNi₀.₆Co₀.₂Mn₀.₂O₂.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"697 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Connecting Local Structure, Strain and Ionic Transport in the Fast Sodium Ion Conductor Na11+xSn2+xP1−xS12 快速钠离子导体Na11+xSn2+xP1−xS12中连接局部结构、应变和离子输运

IF 27.8 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202500861

Oliver Maus, Bibek Samanta, Florian Schreiner, Kyra Strotmann, Martin A. Lange, Marvin A. Kraft, Matthias Hartmann, Niina Jalarvo, Michael Ryan Hansen, Wolfgang G. Zeier

{"title":"Connecting Local Structure, Strain and Ionic Transport in the Fast Sodium Ion Conductor Na11+xSn2+xP1−xS12","authors":"Oliver Maus, Bibek Samanta, Florian Schreiner, Kyra Strotmann, Martin A. Lange, Marvin A. Kraft, Matthias Hartmann, Niina Jalarvo, Michael Ryan Hansen, Wolfgang G. Zeier","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202500861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202500861","url":null,"abstract":"On the road to highly performing solid electrolytes for solid state batteries, aliovalent substitution is a powerful strategy to improve the ionic conductivity. While the substitution allows optimization of the charge carrier concentration, effects on the local structure are often overlooked. Here, by pair distribution function analyses is shown that partial substitution of PS43− by SnS44− polyanion in the fast sodium ionic conductor Na11+xSn2+xP1−xS12 results in discrepancies between the local and average structure. The significantly larger SnS44− polyanions lead to inhomogeneities in the local environments of sodium ions and induce micro strain in the material. The combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and quasi‐elastic neutron scattering reveals a decrease in the activation energy of fast local ionic jumps. The substitution widens the bottleneck size of some diffusion pathways, and a correlation between the increased strain and improved local ionic transport is observed. Local frustrations caused by the induced inhomogeneities may flatten the energy landscape and lead to the detected decrease in the activation barrier. Understanding these effects of cationic substitution on the local structure, induced crystallographic strain and ionic transport can open up new possibilities to design fast conducting solid electrolytes.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorine‐Functionalized Chemistry Toward Stable Zn Anode in Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries 水锌离子电池中稳定锌阳极的氟功能化化学

IF 27.8 1区材料科学

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202502353

Yanjing Wang, Yi Kong, Tianyu Zhang, Chongchao Chen, Hongfei Wang, Yong Hu

{"title":"Fluorine‐Functionalized Chemistry Toward Stable Zn Anode in Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries","authors":"Yanjing Wang, Yi Kong, Tianyu Zhang, Chongchao Chen, Hongfei Wang, Yong Hu","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202502353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202502353","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorine‐functionalized materials, characterized by their strong electronegativity, hydrophobic properties, and capacity to form stable interfacial layers, effectively mitigate critical challenges, including dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, and corrosion, thereby cementing fluorine chemistry as a vital enabler of practical Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs). Despite these advantages, a systematic review of fluorine's multifaceted roles in anode stabilization remains scarce. This review underscores the essential contributions of fluorine chemistry in crafting sophisticated protective layers, fine‐tuning electrolytes, and developing functional separators. Fluorinated protective layers are instrumental in manipulating zincophilic sites, augmenting corrosion resistance, regulating Zn2+ ion transport, strengthening confinement effects, and directing Zn (002) plane deposition. Within electrolytes, fluorinated Zn salts, additives, and co‐solvents enhance ionic conductivity, broaden the electrochemical stability potential window, and facilitate forming durable solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers to inhibit side reactions. Moreover, fluorine‐modified separators balance hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics and improve mechanical robustness, effectively deterring dendrite formation. This review explores fluorinated interphase structure‐property correlations and modern analytical approaches to understand fluorine's role in ZIBs. Finally, the current obstacles and prospective strategies for harnessing fluorine chemistry are further delineated to advance the development of safe, long‐lasting, and sustainable ZIBs.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144568612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0