Dental and Medical Problems最新文献

{"title":"Enhancement of physical and antimicrobial properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) reinforced with gold nanoparticles: An in vitro preliminary study.","authors":"Promila Verma, Rhythm Bains, Aseem Prakash Tikku, Rakesh Kumar Yadav, Pragya Pandey, Maniyalath Hrithu Vinod","doi":"10.17219/dmp/187884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/187884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is often associated with several challenges, including a prolonged setting time, poor handling characteristics and compromised physical properties in the presence of tissue fluids. Mineral trioxide aggregate, when used as a perforation repair or root-end filling material, needs adequate strength to withstand the forces acting on it. Recently, several researchers have attempted to overcome these challenges through the use of various additives.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the physical and antimicrobial properties of MTA reinforced with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Sixteen customized putty molds (6 mm in height x 4 mm in diameter) were filled with the materials assigned to 2 groups: control group, MTA (n = 8); and experimental group, MTA + AuNPs (n = 8). Compressive strength (CS) was evaluated using a universal testing machine, while setting time was assessed using a flat-ended indenter. The antimicrobial properties of MTA and MTA + AuNPs were evaluated using the agar diffusion method against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The data was statistically analyzed using an unpaired t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compressive strength was significantly higher in the MTA + AuNPs group (115.75 ±2.22 MPa) than in the MTA group (55.00 ±5.35 MPa) (p < 0.001). The MTA + AuNPs group also demonstrated a significantly shorter setting time than the MTA group (48.05 min vs. 165.00 min, respectively). The unpaired t-test revealed a significantly greater antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms in the MTA + AuNPs group than in the MTA group (P. aeruginosa > E. coli > S. aureus > E. faecalis > C. albicans).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Incorporation of AuNPs into MTA enhanced CS, shortened setting time and increased antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"1077-1082"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of knowledge on emergency dental trauma management among medical students: A systematic review.","authors":"Patrycja Kamieńska, Bartosz Jastrzębski, Tamara Pawlaczyk-Kamieńska","doi":"10.17219/dmp/202889","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/202889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental injuries frequently occur in children and adolescents. It is common for multiple types of injuries to affect the teeth and the surrounding tissues. Medical doctors often provide initial treatment; therefore, it is crucial for them to have the knowledge and skills necessary to provide first aid for traumatic dental injuries (TDIs).The present study aimed to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate the quality of the existing research on medical students' knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding the provision of first aid for dental injuries.The electronic medical databases Web of Science, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, and Scopus were searched. To identify additional publications, the reference lists of relevant articles were manually reviewed. The analysis included publications in English and Polish, including original research studies, such as randomized trials, cohort studies and cross-sectional surveys, while excluding case reports, reviews, commentaries, letters, and conference abstracts. The credibility of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of-bias tool. Due to substantial methodological and statistical heterogeneity, a meta-analysis was not possible; instead, a narrative synthesis was conducted to summarize the findings.The search identified 55 studies, of which 10 were included in the systematic review, involving a total of 2,424 medical students. All studies focused on tooth avulsion; 3 also addressed tooth fractures, and 1 discussed tooth luxation.The systematic review indicates that medical students often lack the knowledge and skills required to manage dental trauma in emergency situations, highlighting the need to include dental traumatology courses in medical education. Early training in the management of dental injuries should be implemented and integrated into first-aid training to improve preparedness for such situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"1031-1042"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of various nanosilica coating techniques on the zirconia surface and bond strength to resin cement.","authors":"Zainab Shakir Amory, Mohammed Rashid","doi":"10.17219/dmp/188209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/188209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zirconia restorations have attracted considerable attention because of their favorable mechanical and esthetic properties, which meet the requirements for both anterior and posterior restorations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the microshear bond strength (μSBS) between resin cement and zirconia surfaces dip-coated with nanosilica and nanozirconia suspensions of different compositions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An extra translucent (XT) zirconia disc composed of 5 mol% yttrium-stabilized zirconia was sectioned into 66 samples and divided into 6 groups: untreated zirconia as the control group; zirconia blasted with silica-coated alumina; and zirconia dip-coated with nanosilica-nanozirconia suspensions at volume ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75. The coated surfaces were analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Resin cement cylinders were bonded to the treated zirconia surfaces, and μSBS testing was performed. The differences between the groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc test, with the significance level set at p ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest μSBS was observed for the 50:50 nanosilica-nanozirconia group (51.63 ±5.56 MPa), whereas the lowest values were recorded for untreated zirconia (17.38 ±3.74 MPa). Zirconia blasted with commercially available silica-coated alumina showed μSBS of 31.00 ±6.54 MPa.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dip coating with nanosilica-nanozirconia suspensions appears to be a feasible method for improving resin-zirconia bonding while preserving the zirconia structure. Among the tested compositions, the 50:50 nanosilica-nanozirconia suspension produced the highest μSBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"969-979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bond strength of resin composite to caries-affected dentin after remineralization by different remineralizing agents: An in vitro study.","authors":"Sara Ibrahim Mohamed Fahmy, Ola Mohamed Ibrahim Fahmy, Sabry El Korashy, Mohamed Essam Mohamed Labib","doi":"10.17219/dmp/183841","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/183841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Following selective caries removal, the efficacy of bonding to the dentin substrate is questionable due to alterations in mineral content and the quality of remaining dentin, especially in deep proximal cavities.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength of resin composite to artificially demineralized dentin and sound dentin compared to demineralized dentin that underwent different remineralization protocols. Additionally, the study sought to evaluate the effect of the 2 bonding modes (total-etch/self-etch) on the applied remineralizing agent, and to analyze the failure mode.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study utilized 30 sound proximal molar surfaces. They were randomly divided into 5 groups based on the remineralization protocols, as follows: sound dentin as positive control (G1); artificially demineralized dentin but without surface treatment as negative control (G2); and artificially demineralized dentin surface groups with surface treatments (sodium fluoride (NaF) solution (G3), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (G4), and a combination of remineralizing agents (G5)). Different modes of application of the bonding agent (total-etch (B1) and self-etch (B2)) were implemented. Then, a nanohybrid composite was applied and light cured. The microtensile bond strength test was performed, and the failure mode was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The application of the total-etch mode resulted in a statistically significant difference between microtensile bond strength values of remineralization protocols. The NaF and nHAp groups (G3 and G4) exhibited the highest values. A statistically significant difference was observed between the microtensile bond strength values of remineralization protocols in the self-etch mode. The positive control, NaF, nHAp, and combined groups (G1, G3, G4, and G5) showed the highest values. The negative control group (G2) in both bonding modes demonstrated the lowest microtensile bond strength.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All remineralization protocols applied to demineralized dentin demonstrated an improvement in bond strength that was equivalent to sound dentin. All remineralized dentin surfaces exhibited a favorable failure mode in comparison to the negative control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":"981-991"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of clear aligner (Invisalign®) treatment and occlusal changes on the masticatory function and temporomandibular disorders: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Vanessa Marcelino, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes, Maria Dos Prazeres Gonçalves, Gustavo Vicentis de Oliveira Fernandes, Teresa Pinho","doi":"10.17219/dmp/202926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/202926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clear aligner treatment (CAT) may induce masticatory muscle tenderness and trigger temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Considering that CAT may interfere with the masticatory system, it is important to understand the relationship between CAT and occlusal changes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to analyze occlusal changes during CAT and assess the influence of postorthodontic occlusion on masticatory performance. A secondary objective was to determine whether the case complexity, the facial biotype and malocclusion were associated with occlusal alterations, masticatory performance, or the onset of TMD signs and symptoms during CAT.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Forty-two individuals who underwent and completed CAT were evaluated at 3 time points: before treatment (T0); at the end of treatment (T1); and 3 months after treatment, during which time clear aligners (CAs) were used only at night (T2). Temporomandibular disorders were assessed using Axis I of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) at T0, T1 and T2. Masticatory performance was evaluated at T1 and T2 using a two-colored chewing gum test and colorimetric analysis. Occlusal area and anterior and posterior occlusal contacts were evaluated digitally. Non-parametric statistical tests were used, with the significance level set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The occlusal area decreased significantly from T0 to T1 (p = 0.016). At T1, normodivergent individuals had significantly more anterior contacts than hyperdivergent patients (p = 0.013). Masticatory performance increased with the number of posterior occlusal contacts (p < 0.05), and individuals with Class I molar relationship had more anterior contacts than Class II patients (p = 0.004). At T2, Class III individuals showed higher values than Class II patients (p = 0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The number of occlusal contacts and occlusal contact area decreased during treatment. Nighttime use of CAs slightly enhanced occlusal contact recovery. Complex cases presented more posterior contacts at T0; simple cases presented a greater occlusal area at the end of CAT. Class I individuals presented more anterior contacts at T0. These movements increased the anterior contacts in Class III molar cases at the end of treatment and 3 months later. No significant differences in masticatory performance were found according to the molar relationship, the facial biotype or the case complexity; no TMD signs and symptoms were found during or after CAT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"893-906"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between diabetes and oral lichen planus: A systematic review.","authors":"Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan, Maria Maddalena Marrapodi, Diana Russo, Vincenzo Ronsivalle, Hande Uzunçıbuk, Marco Cicciù, Giuseppe Minervini","doi":"10.17219/dmp/202416","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/202416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Persistent inflammatory oral mucosal lesions characteristic of oral lichen planus (OLP) have attracted considerable attention due to their potential association with diabetes mellitus (DM). This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence from different study designs, including cross-sectional and case-control studies, to clarify the complex relationship between OLP and DM. The study was conducted according to predefined objectives and eligibility criteria. Using the PECOS framework, the review evaluated the prevalence, risk factors and comorbidities associated with DM among individuals with clinically diagnosed OLP. A search strategy combining Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and relevant keywords was applied across multiple databases. The findings demonstrated variability in the reported prevalence and clinical associations between type 2 DM (T2DM) and OLP. Some studies reported a strong correlation, whereas others yielded conflicting findings, potentially reflecting methodological differences. Cross-sectional studies generally demonstrated high methodological quality, supporting the reliability of findings. Case-control studies showed greater variability in methodological quality, with some areas requiring improvement. Quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) indicated generally good methodological quality, although differences in selection and comparability were observed across studies. The risk-of-bias assessment identified potential sources of bias, emphasizing the need for cautious interpretation of the available evidence. This study underlines the importance of standardized management procedures, emphasizes individualized patient care and supports further research into the mechanisms underlying the association between OLP and DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"1021-1030"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148879337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of surface treatment and simulated aging on the shear bond strength of different luting agents to zirconia.","authors":"Ravinder Singh Saini, Sunil Kumar Mysore Varhamanaiah, Sunil Kumar Vaddamanu, Rayan Ibrahim Binduhayyim, Marco Cicciù, Diana Russo, Maria Maddalena Marrapodi, Giuseppe Minervini","doi":"10.17219/dmp/200566","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/200566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zirconia, or stabilized zirconium oxide (ZrO2), is a widely used dental ceramic for full-coverage crowns owing to its favorable biological and esthetic properties. Upon cooling after high-temperature sintering, zirconia undergoes a tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation, which causes volume expansion and brittleness. Adhesive cementation (AC) is crucial for the clinical performance of zirconia restorations, enhancing their retention, marginal adaptation and fracture resistance, thereby contributing to their suitability for dental restorations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to evaluate how different kinds of surface treatment affect the shear bond strength (SBS) of zirconia, to analyze the influence of various luting agents on the SBS of zirconia, and to investigate the effect of simulated aging through water storage on the SBS of zirconia.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An experimental study design was used to assess the impact of 2 luting agents (RelyX™ Unicem and Panavia™ F 2.0), different surface treatment methods (STMs) and variable water-storage durations (1day (1D), 1 month (1M) and 6 months (6M)) on the SBS of zirconia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that RelyX consistently showed lower mean SBS values than Panavia across the different water-storage durations. For instance, in group 1 at 1D, the mean SBS for RelyX was 17.12 ±0.71 MPa as compared to 21.76 ±2.81 MPa for Panavia. ANOVA indicated significant differences in SBS between RelyX and Panavia in each group (group 1: F = 13.892; p < 0.000). Post-hoc tests confirmed significant differences in the mean SBS across the different aging durations. Overall, the findings provide comprehensive statistical evidence regarding the performance of the 2 dental luting agents under different surface treatment and aging conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RelyX consistently demonstrated lower mean SBS values than Panavia across the different water-storage durations, indicating differences in their bonding performance. Statistical analyses confirmed significant differences in SBS between the 2 luting agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"943-951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remineralization potential after a single application of silver diamine fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride on demineralized dentin.","authors":"Pravallika Chowdary Meka, Vinay Chandrappa, Uloopi Kadidal Shamanna, Chaitanya Penmatsa, Ahalya Penmetsa, Chandana Nadella","doi":"10.17219/dmp/163007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/163007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-invasive treatment involves the use of various remineralizing and cariostatic agents, including sodium fluoride, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF), silver nitrate, and silver diamine fluoride (SDF).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the surface morphology and mineral uptake of demineralized dentin following a single application of SDF and CPP-ACPF.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty-four caries-free premolar sections with marked areas of specific dimensions on the dentin surface were exposed to a demineralizing solution for 96 h and randomly allocated to 2 groups: group 1 (SDF); and group 2 (CPP-ACPF). Surface morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while mineral uptake was assessed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) following demineralization and the application of the test agents. Paired and unpaired t tests were used to analyze the continuous data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EDX revealed a difference in the mean increase in the calcium(Ca)/phosphorus (P) ratio between the SDF group (0.34 ±0.92) and the CPP-ACPF group (0.01 ±0.22); however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.400). In contrast, the mean increase in fluoride uptake was significantly higher in the SDF group (2.07 ±0.66 at%) than in the CPP-ACPF group (0.37 ±0.38 at%) (p = 0.001). The SEM images showed dense, granular structures in the intertubular areas, with partial occlusion of the dentinal tubules in the SDF group, whereas the CPP-ACPF group exhibited mineral deposits partially occluding the dentinal tubules, with non-homogeneous sediment formation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A single application of both SDF and CPP-ACPF demonstrated potential to promote mineral uptake in demineralized dentin, with comparable effects on calcium and phosphate incorporation. However, SDF showed a greater capacity for fluoride uptake and produced a denser, more compact surface morphology, whereas CPP-ACPF resulted in a more porous mineral deposition pattern. Overall, both agents demonstrated remineralization potential, although their effects on the mineral composition and surface characteristics of demineralized dentin differed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"953-959"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation of the body mass index to salivary cortisol and periodontal indices in children: A comparative analysis.","authors":"Aida Mehdipour, Amirhossein Khorrami, Mohammad Aghaali, Ali Saleh","doi":"10.17219/dmp/165842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/165842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a chronic disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, environmental, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors, and is associated with the development of numerous comorbidities. Its prevalence is increasing worldwide, making obesity one of the most significant public health challenges.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and the cortisol levels and periodontal status in children.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ninety eligible children aged 8-12 years were enrolled in the study and allocated into 3 groups: normal-weight; overweight; and obesity. After the parents completed a demographic questionnaire, the children underwent periodontal examinations and saliva collection. The salivary cortisol levels were measured using the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson's correlation test, the χ2 test, linear regression, and the Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The children's body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with the salivary cortisol levels and the gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BoP) and periodontal probing depth (PPD) (p = 0.010, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.005, respectively). However, BMI was not significantly associated with father's education, mother's education, the parental smoking addiction status, total family income, the frequency of mouthwash use per week, toothbrushing frequency per day, or daily study duration (p = 0.599, p = 0.143, p = 0.480, p = 0.875, p = 0.884, p = 0.203, and p = 0.338, respectively). The salivary cortisol levels were also significantly associated with age and GI, BOP and PPD (p = 0.010, p = 0.001, p = 0.018, and p = 0.016, respectively). In the multivariable linear regression analysis, the salivary cortisol levels remained significantly associated with age (β = 0.276; p = 0.004), obesity (β = 0.269; p = 0.006), father's education level (β = 0.393; p < 0.001), and the parental smoking addiction status (β = 0.238; p = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The salivary cortisol levels and periodontal indices were higher in overweight and obese children. Therefore, encouraging children and adolescents to adopt a healthier lifestyle and achieve weight reduction may help reduce the salivary cortisol levels and improve periodontal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"857-868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could this be about the clocks? Rethinking insomnia, sleep bruxism and circadian misalignment.","authors":"Miguel Meira E Cruz","doi":"10.17219/dmp/217834","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/217834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insomnia symptoms reported in sleep bruxism may partly reflect circadian misalignment rather than insomnia disorder per se, highlighting the need to integrate chronobiological assessment into both bruxism research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 4","pages":"851-855"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}