Dental and Medical Problems最新文献

{"title":"Comparative analysis of postoperative pain following bioceramic sealer application with three obturation methods: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja, Kaligotla Apoorva Vasundhara, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Flavia Iaculli, Carlo Rengo, Elena Calabria, Niccolò Giuseppe Armogida, Mariangela Cernera","doi":"10.17219/dmp/208898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/208898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One of the most important aspects of root canal therapy is pain control after treatment. Postoperative pain is an unwanted but common sensation following endodontic procedures. Recently, bioceramic sealers have gained attention in endodontics; however, clinical evidence supporting their effectiveness in pain reduction is still limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 3 obturation techniques using a bioceramic sealer (Cerafill RCS®) on postoperative pain in patients with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ninety-three patients diagnosed with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis were randomly allocated to one of three groups according to the obturation technique: cold lateral compaction; single cone obturation; or a hot modified technique. The severity of pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after treatment. The study utilized Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests to analyze pain scores across groups. Linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of postoperative pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sealer-based and hot modified techniques were associated with significantly lower postoperative pain levels compared to cold lateral compaction at all measured time points (p < 0.05). The regression analysis confirmed the obturation technique as a significant predictor of postoperative pain. The hot modified method, in particular, provided the most consistent pain relief, underscoring the potential of advanced obturation methods in enhancing patient recovery and comfort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sealer-based and hot modified methods significantly reduced postoperative pain compared to traditional techniques. These findings support the clinical adoption of innovative bioceramic sealer techniques to optimize pain management and patient satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"273-283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontitis associated with the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.","authors":"Mairely Nicole Bocanegra-Baez, Angel Steven Asmat-Abanto, Edwin Sanandres Jiménez, Jhonny Orlando Aguilar-Principe, Carlos Alberto Minchón-Medina","doi":"10.17219/dmp/186292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/186292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that has been linked to the progression of periodontitis, negatively affecting patients' quality of life. Further studies are required to determine the correlation between these conditions and to support the incorporation of periodontal control in patients with SLE.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine the association between periodontitis and the diagnosis of SLE in adult female patients in Peru attending outpatient rheumatology consultations.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and October 2023 and included 342 patients from the Department of Rheumatology of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo, Peru, and Víctor Lazarte Echegaray Hospital, Trujillo, Peru. Intraand inter-rater calibration for the clinical measurement of periodontitis yielded a κ value of 0.846 in both cases. The rheumatology specialist established the diagnosis of SLE. The χ2 test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the results, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No association was found between periodontitis and SLE (p = 0.453). However, correlations were noted between periodontitis and patients aged 27-59 years (p = 0.006), smoking (p = 0.035), systemic medication use (p < 0.001), arterial hypertension (p = 0.018), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No association was established between periodontitis and SLE. However, correlations were observed between periodontitis and SLE in specific subgroups, including patients aged 27-59 years, nonsmokers, and those without hypertension or diabetes. Furthermore, a higher prevalence of periodontitis was noted in older patients, smokers, those receiving systemic medication for SLE, and patients with hypertension or T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"303-309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a platform switch and a laser-microgrooved coronal design on short dental implants: A multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Renzo Guarnieri, Luca Savio, Alessandro Bermond Des Ambrois, Paolo Ghensi, Francesco Zuffetti, Rodolfo Reda, Dario Di Nardo, Luca Testarelli","doi":"10.17219/dmp/192213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/192213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The presence of severe atrophy in proximity to the maxillary sinus or the inferior alveolar nerve is a primary indication for the use of short dental implants. The placement of standard-length implants in such cases often requires complex regenerative procedures, leading to prolonged healing time and an increased invasiveness of the surgical procedure.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate crestal bone remodeling, implant success, complications, and implantand patient-related risk factors associated with the use of short, platform-switched dental implants with a laser-microgrooved collar for prosthetic rehabilitation of atrophic posterior jaws.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective study involved a chart review of medical records from 5 private dental clinics. Variables such as age, sex, smoking, periodontal disease, systemic diseases, medications, anatomical location, implant diameter and length, crown-to-implant ratio, and type of placement were collected. A total of 132 short implants placed in 84 patients were analyzed, with a follow-up of 3-5 years (mean (M): 4.2 ±0.8 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight short implants failed, including 62.5% of those affected by peri-implantitis. The implantlevel and patient-level success rates were 93.9% and 95.0%, respectively. The mean crestal bone loss (CBL) was 0.385 ±0.7 mm. Univariate regression analysis revealed that female sex, smoking status and periodontal disease were significantly associated with implant success at both the implant and patient levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Platform-switched short implants with a laser-microgrooved coronal design demonstrated high success rates in atrophic posterior jaws after 3-5 years of function, with stable crestal bone levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"295-302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic challenge in periodontics: The need for clarity when multiple periodontal and peri-implant diseases coexist - what is the course of action?","authors":"Gustavo Vicentis de Oliveira Fernandes, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes","doi":"10.17219/dmp/216410","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/216410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving diagnostic precision in periodontology and implantology is essential for better patient care, scientific advancement and study consistency, while always considering the worst-case scenario for diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"267-271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147510369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of psycho-behavioral-relaxation and occlusal splint therapy in the treatment of myalgia.","authors":"Anna Sójka-Makowska, Magdalena Łukaszewska-Kuska, Rafał Brożek, Magdalena Sobieska, Barbara Dorocka-Bobkowska","doi":"10.17219/dmp/202962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/202962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current treatment for patients with myalgia comprises splint therapy (ST), cognitivebehavioral therapy (CBT), psychological treatment, and education.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of relax-psycho-breathing therapy (RPB) and ST in women with myalgia, and to evaluate the efficacy of occlusal splint and/or behavioral therapy in the management of muscle pain.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study, designed as a randomized controlled trial (RCT), involved 105 women aged 25-55 years with pain in the masticatory muscles during the 30 days prior to examination. Myalgia was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) Axis I. The clinical examination assessed muscle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain intensity, TMJ sounds, maximum mouth opening (MMO), and deviation in mouth opening and mandibular movement. After an initial assessment, at the 2nd visit (V2), the 25 patients from the 1st group were introduced to RPB: relaxation techniques; breathing patterns; psychological-behavioral instruction; muscle exercise therapy; puffing therapy; and self-massage. The 2nd group of patients received a custom-made, thermoplastic, flatplane relaxation splint placed on the mandible. The efficacy of treatment in all subjects was evaluated at 2 follow-up visits (V3 and V4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In cases of muscle pain, pain during function, TMJ and muscle tenderness, and headache attributed to TMD, a statistically significant difference between the RPB and ST groups was observed only at the final follow-up visit. No significant differences between the 2 groups were found for MMO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The reduction in myalgia following treatment suggests that both RPB exercises and ST are equally effective. However, considering the cost and duration of myalgia therapy, comprehensive care incorporating relaxation techniques may be a preferable first-line approach rather than ST alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"311-322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteonecrosis of the jaw: A 5-year analysis of surgical outcomes and risk factors for complications.","authors":"Aleksy Zbigniew Nowak, Aleksandra Rudzka, Łukasz Piotr Słowik, Maciej Grzegorz Okła, Marek Andrzej Jaxa-Kwiatkowski, Krzysztof Osmola, Marzena Wyganowska","doi":"10.17219/dmp/201375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/201375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiation-induced and drug-induced bone necrosis present significant challenges for maxillofacial surgery departments and dental clinics. While the incidence of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) has decreased, the number of cases of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has markedly increased. This trend is associated with higher life expectancy and more frequent use of medications linked to MRONJ. To date, no uniform, scientifically validated treatment standards have been established for these conditions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate treatment outcomes in patients with ORN and MRONJ, as well as to identify risk factors for complications, with particular emphasis on differences in clinical presentation and management.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of medical records over a five-year period was conducted, including the charts of patients diagnosed with MRONJ and ORN who were hospitalized at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland, and subsequently followed up in the outpatient setting. Selected parameters included C-reactive protein (CRP), smoking status, type of necrosis, sex, and hospitalization time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differences in patient characteristics, including age, sex, smoking status, and clinical presentation, were observed between the groups. Patients with MRONJ were, on average, 5 years older than those with ORN and exhibited a significantly higher concentration of CRP, indicating a more pronounced inflammatory response. Smoking was identified as a weak but notable predictor of the need for mandibular resection. Additionally, elevated concentrations of CRP were associated with longer hospitalization and a higher incidence of complications, potentially contributing to prolonged hospital stays and an increased risk of adverse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight distinct clinical courses for MRONJ and ORN, underscoring the need for differentiated treatment strategies. Given the lack of standardized treatment protocols, the observed variations in clinical outcomes suggest the necessity for more targeted therapeutic approaches. Further research is essential to establish effective treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"285-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and gingivitis: A case-control study of metabolic-periodontal interplay.","authors":"María Pelechá-Salvador, Sandra López-Domènech, Cecilia Fabiana Márquez-Arrico, Meylin Fernández-Reyes, Laura Perea-Galera, Jonathan Hermenejildo, Carlos Morillas, Pablo Fernández-Collazo, Javier Silvestre-Rangil, Víctor Manuel Víctor, Francisco Javier Silvestre, Milagros Rocha","doi":"10.17219/dmp/211428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/211428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gingival inflammation has been increasingly linked to metabolic and endocrine disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This connection may involve immune system activation and cellular stress mechanisms, particularly the unfolded protein response (UPR), which regulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate whether gingivitis modulates UPR activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of women with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this case-control study, female subjects were divided into 2 groups: a control group (n = 48); and a PCOS group (n = 68), which included 24 individuals with gingivitis (PCOS+). Anthropometric, biochemical and periodontal parameters were determined, namely probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque index. Markers of oxidative stress, including total superoxide and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), and UPR mediators, such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha subunit (p-eIF2α), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), were evaluated in PBMCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with an increased plaque index and significantly higher BOP in PCOS+. Increased superoxide and reduced GPx1 levels were observed in women with PCOS, with no significant differences between subgroups. Gingivitis in PCOS was correlated with the activation of specific UPR pathways; higher levels of p-eIF2α and CHOP and lower GRP78 levels were detected in PCOS+, while ATF6 was increased in the overall PCOS group. Moreover, BOP demonstrated a direct correlation with p-eIF2α and the plaque index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The association of leukocyte ER stress responses in PCOS with gingival inflammation underscores the impact of periodontal disease on modulating systemic cellular stress in the context of multifactorial metabolic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146141415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro evaluation of discoloration and surface alteration in self-adhesive resin cements using CIELAB and 3D profilometry.","authors":"Christoph Matthias Schoppmeier, Anja Liebermann, Malin Janson","doi":"10.17219/dmp/205161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/205161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) are widely used in the field of restorative dentistry due to their simplified application and adequate bonding properties. However, their long-term color and surface stability, particularly under the influence of pigment-rich dietary substances, remain a critical concern in aesthetic restorations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the color stability and surface roughness of 4 contemporary SARCs after immersion in various staining media using digital photography.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 160 disc-shaped specimens (n = 40 per group) were fabricated from 4 SARCs: Maxcem Elite™ (MXC); G-CEM ONE™ (GCO); SpeedCEM® Plus (SPC); and RelyX™ Universal (RLX). The specimens were immersed in artificial saliva, coffee, red wine, or matcha tea at 37°C for 0 (T0), 7 (T1), 14 (T2), 21 (T3), and 28 (T4) days. Color changes (ΔE₀₀) were measured, and surface roughness parameters were evaluated using 3D laser scanning microscopy. The statistical analysis was performed using linear mixed models (LMMs) and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All materials showed visually perceptible color changes (ΔE₀₀ > 1.1). The highest discoloration and roughness values were observed in MXC, especially after exposure to red wine. RelyX™ Universal exhibited the greatest resistance to staining and surface degradation. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based SARCs (MXC, GCO) were more susceptible to pigment infiltration and roughness increase than urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA)-based cements (RLX, SPC).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The aesthetic stability of SARCs is influenced by both material composition and exposure to staining agents. Red wine caused the most severe discoloration and surface changes, followed by coffee, matcha tea and artificial saliva. Higher water sorption and surface roughness were associated with increased staining. Preserving surface integrity is essential for maintaining the long-term aesthetic performance of SARCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146141418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-dependent effects of gamma-ray irradiation on SLA-treated titanium Grade 4: An in vitro evaluation of its physical, chemical and surface properties.","authors":"Aldilla Miranda, Ira Komara, Arief Cahyanto, Cortino Sukotjo, Agus Susanto","doi":"10.17219/dmp/204865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/204865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gamma-ray sterilization is commonly used for dental implants, but may alter their physical, chemical and surface properties.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study compared gamma-ray irradiation doses of 15 kGy and 25 kGy in terms of their effects on the physical (microhardness), chemical (titanium (Ti) ion release) and surface (morphology and hydrophilicity) properties of sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) Ti Grade 4 (G4) implants.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 48 cylindrical Ti G4 samples (4 mm in diameter, 8 mm in thickness) were irradiated using cobalt-60 (Co-60) gamma radiation at 0 kGy (non-irradiated), 15 kGy or 25 kGy doses. Post-irradiation analyses included testing Vickers hardness (HV), Ti ion release in simulated body fluid (SBF) after 2 weeks, the water contact angle (θ), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphology assessment. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gamma-ray irradiation significantly impacted all measured properties. The mean hardness decreased from 536.5 HV (non-irradiated) to 251.3 HV (15 kGy) and 203.8 HV (25 kGy) (p < 0.001); no significant difference was observed between 15 kGy and 25 kGy. Titanium ion release increased with a radiation dose: 44.68 μg/L (non-irradiated); 93.75 μg/L (15 kGy; p = 0.0292 vs. control); and 218.98 μg/L (25 kGy; p < 0.001 vs. control and 15 kGy). The water contact angles approached 0° postirradiation, indicating a shift to superhydrophilicity, significantly different from the moderately hydrophilic control (p = 0.0085), with no difference between the radiation doses (p = 0.1266). The SEM analysis revealed more pronounced micro-damage and roughness at 25 kGy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both 15 kGy and 25 kGy significantly altered surface properties, but 25 kGy induced greater Ti ion release and micro-damage. Within the study limitations, 15 kGy is recommended as the preferred sterilization dose, as it maintains sterility while minimizing mechanical degradation and excessive Ti ion release as compared to 25 kGy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146060545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro evaluation of the effect of Er:YAG laser with a fractional PS04 handpiece on microbial biofilm survival.","authors":"Zuzanna Grzech-Leśniak, Jakub Pyrkosz, Jagoda Szwach, Martyna Lelonkiewicz, Magdalena Pajączkowska, Joanna Nowicka, Jacek Matys, Kinga Grzech-Leśniak","doi":"10.17219/dmp/201941","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/201941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The oral microbiota consists of a diverse range of microorganisms, with Streptococcus spp. and Candida spp. frequently coexisting in oral infections.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of Er:YAG (erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser therapy, utilizing the PS04 fractional beam, on the in vitro growth and biofilm formation of clinical strains of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Streptococcus mutans.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Singleand dual-species planktonic cultures and biofilms were exposed to an Er:YAG laser using a fractional PS04 handpiece. The effects of the laser were evaluated immediately after irradiation and 24 h post-irradiation by measuring colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Biofilm biomass (singleand dual-species) was quantified using the crystal violet staining method. The study tested 2 sets of laser parameters: group 1 (T1): 1.5 W, 10 Hz, 30 s, 0.4 J/cm2, irradiance: 3.9 W/cm2; and group 2 (T2): 6.15 W, 10 Hz, 30 s, 1.6 J/cm2, irradiance: 16 W/cm2. Non-irradiated samples served as controls. The parameters were selected based on their frequent clinical use for snoring treatment and facial rejuvenation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Candida albicans exhibited a significantly greater reduction under T2 settings in comparison to T1 (85.3 ±1.2% vs. 43.9 ±4.5%, respectively; p = 0.006) within single-species biofilms. For C. glabrata, a significant reduction was observed under T1 parameters (69.8 ±14.9%). Furthermore, S. mutans demonstrated a significantly higher reduction at T2 settings (97.1 ±0.6%) compared to T1 settings (81.1 ±19.6%), with statistically significant differences noted between S. mutans and both C. albicans and C. glabrata under T1, as well as between S. mutans and C. glabrata under T2. In dual-species biofilms, T2 fluence led to greater reductions in C. glabrata, S. mutans and C. albicans in mixed cultures (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Er:YAG laser, when used in conjunction with the PS04 handpiece, demonstrated a substantial reduction in the biofilms of C. albicans and C. glabrata. Higher fluence maintained reductions over a 24-h period, particularly in the case of C. glabrata and S. mutans. This study highlights the antifungal potential of low-fluence laser settings that are commonly used in facial aesthetic procedures and snoring treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":"169-178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}