Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021最新文献

{"title":"Technological evaluation of Pinus maximinoi wood for industrial use in kraft pulp production","authors":"M. Coelho, F. DA SILVA, JR., Flaviana Reis Milagres, Silvana Meister Sommer, Carlos Augusto Soares DO AMARAL, Fabricio A Biernaski","doi":"10.32964/tj20.8.501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/tj20.8.501","url":null,"abstract":"This study characterized Pinus maximinoi wood and evaluated its performance for pulp production. Samples of Pinus taeda wood were used as reference material. For both species, wood chips from 14-year-old trees were used for the technological characterization, pulping, bleaching process analysis, and pulp properties. A modified kraft pulping process was carried out targeting kappa number 28±5% on brownstock pulp. The bleaching sequence was applied for bleached pulp with final brightness of 87±1 % ISO. Refinability and resistance properties were measured in the bleached pulps. Compared to P. taeda wood, P. maximinoi showed slightly higher basic density (0.399 g/cm³) and higher holocellulose (64.5%), lignin (31.1%), and extractives content (4.5%), along with lower ash content (0.16%). P. maximinoi tracheids showed greater wall thickness (6.4 µm) when compared to P. taeda tracheids. For the same kappa number, P. maximinoi and P. taeda resulted in similar screened yield, with an advantage observed for P. maximinoi, which resulted in lower specific wood consumption (5.281 m³/o.d. metric ton), and lower black liquor solids (1.613 metric tons/o.d. metric ton). After oxygen delignification, P. maximinoi pulp showed higher efficiency on kappa reduction (67.2%) and similar bleaching chemical demand as P. taeda pulp. Compared to P. taeda pulps, the refined P. maximinoi pulps had similar results and the bulk property was 10% higher. Results showed that P. maximinoi is an interesting alternative raw material for softwood pulp production in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90229521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formic acid pulping process of rice straw for manufacturing of cellulosic fibers with silica","authors":"A. Sinha","doi":"10.32964/tj20.8.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/tj20.8.489","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging technology has the potential to develop entirely new approaches for producing cellulose fiber-based materials along with fuels and chemical raw materials like lignin and furfural. Rice straw is a rich source of cellulosic fibers and inorganic micronic-sized particles termed as ash. They can prove helpful in development of new or enhanced agricultural residue-based materials and products that offer cost effective substitutes for nonrenewable materials used in different domestic and industrial applications. Lignocellulose is an abundant material that is submicronic at the basic level. Rice straw is a fibrous lignocellulosic material obtained as agricultural \u0000residue, but it differs from most crop residues in its high content of silicon dioxide (SiO2). Ash content on a dry weight basis ranges from 13% to 20%, varying according to the state of conservation of the straw after harvest. The ash in rice straw has nearly 75% SiO2. The particle size analysis shows variation from few microns to hundreds of microns for inorganic residues left after burning at high temperatures above 550°C. Proximate analysis of rice straw shows that it contains 54% to 56% holocellulose and 15% to 18% lignin, both of which are natural biopolymers. The compound analysis shows the different compounds present in rice straw ash.\u0000Rice straw is available in hundreds of million tons in India and other Asian countries, so suitable technologies are required to convert rice straw from a biomass waste to useful bioproducts like pulp, paper, and paperboard. This research paper is intended to obtain pulp with fibers having inherent silica present in it to give high opacity paper and better bonding between fibers.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"492 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86794928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional starch-based barrier materials","authors":"P. Rao, Chinmay C Satam, Ashoka Ghosh, P. Hart","doi":"10.32964/tj20.8.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/tj20.8.511","url":null,"abstract":"Natural and renewable polymer-based barrier materials play an inevitable role in a sustainable economy. Most commercially available barrier materials are either based on multiple layers of synthetic polymers or petroleum-based chemicals. Tremendous amounts of research are being done in academia and industry to replace these synthetic barrier materials with natural and environmentally friendly materials. \u0000The current work summarizes the application of starch-based materials for various barrier applications, such as water vapor, oxygen, liquid water, oil, and grease. Also, exotic starch-based barrier materials for the application of sound, ultraviolet, and thermal barrier applications are reviewed. The potential of starch-based materials to offer antimicrobial and antiviral properties is discussed. Finally, commercially available starch-based barrier materials have been summarized.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80849038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can carbon capture be a new revenue opportunity for the pulp and paper sector?","authors":"Katja Kuparinen, Satu Lipiäinen, E. Vakkilainen","doi":"10.32964/tj20.8.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/tj20.8.527","url":null,"abstract":"Transition towards carbon neutrality will require application of negative carbon emission technologies (NETs). This creates a new opportunity for the industry in the near future. The pulp and paper industry already utilizes vast amounts of biomass and produces large amounts of biogenic carbon dioxide. The industry is well poised for the use of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), which is considered as one of the key NETs. If the captured carbon dioxide can be used to manufacture green fuels to replace fossil ones, then this will generate a huge additional market where pulp and paper mills are on the front line. \u0000The objective of this study is to evaluate future trends and policies affecting the pulp and paper industry and to describe how a carbon neutral or carbon negative pulp and paper production process can be viable. Such policies include, as examples, price of carbon dioxide allowances or support for green fuel production and BECCS implementation. It is known that profitability differs depending on mill type, performance, energy efficiency, or carbon dioxide intensity. The results give fresh understanding on the potential for investing in negative emission technologies. Carbon capture or green fuel production can be economical with an emission trade system, depending on electricity price, green fuel price, negative emission credit, and a mill’s emission profile. However, feasibility does not seem to evidently correlate with the performance, technical age, or the measured efficiency of the mill.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89365630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY TESTING'S BENEFITS IN A VARIETY OF CANCERS","authors":"R. S. Almuttairi, Shaymaa Abd Al-jasim Al Shukri Afaf K. Shwaikh","doi":"10.29121/ijmrps.v8.i8.2021.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/ijmrps.v8.i8.2021.1","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of mutations across the genome, notably in microsatellite (MS) DNA repeat sequences, is a hallmark of MSI/dMMR tumors. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a genetic change in which microsatellites, which typically have one to six nucleotide repetitions, acquire mutations corresponding to small nucleotide deletions or insertions. Immunohistochemistry or a PCR-based test directed against a set of five MS areas were used to create an MSI detection method. MSI is a significant biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87826122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Temperature Diverter Improves Operational Efficiency and Well Performance in Offshore Application","authors":"K. Vidma, Samuel Bremner, Sophia Ziyat, D. Choo, P. Abivin, T. Yusuf","doi":"10.4043/31246-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4043/31246-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Near-wellbore diversion during acid fracturing or matrix acidizing is widely used to improve reservoir coverage and to save time spent on zonal isolation. It is particularly useful in offshore operations where efficiency is crucial. Diversion is typically achieved by dynamic placement of degradable solid particulates into perforations, wormholes, and/or fractures to divert the treatment fluid to understimulated zones. The diverting material must maintain integrity and mechanical strength during the operation before degrading at the downhole temperature in the presence of stimulation fluids. Whereas currently used materials work very well in a wide temperature range, at temperatures below 140°F (60°C), finding an appropriate diverting material that balances the trade-offs between surface shelf-life, stability during treatment, and fast downhole degradation is a challenge. This paper presents a novel low-temperature diverter that pushes the degradable diverter temperature limit down to 70°F (21°C). The new material was deployed in a matrix acidizing job performed on an injector well in the North Sea. Field deployment was preceded by an extensive laboratory testing program to verify diversion efficiency and acceptable degradation.\u0000 The novel diverter was deployed in a restimulation treatment of a 10-year-old injection well where BHT was reduced to 70°F (21°C) due to long term injection of cold water. An acidizing treatment was designed to incorporate 4 diversion pills of the novel diversion material. All diversion pills were placed without extra operational time or operational issues. All four pills showed an instant pressure response of more than 250 psi as well as a sustained pressure increase of more than 100 psi, providing an indication of effective fluid diversion. The well was switched to injection mode less than 36 hours after the end of treatment without any flowback, providing a tremendous gain in operational efficiency. The post-treatment injection rate increased by 150% for several days, demonstrating significant and fast diverter degradation, despite the low temperature. The injection rate later stabilized at more than twice the pretreatment injectivity. The results demonstrate the viability of the novel low-temperature diverter in wells with BHT of 70 to 140°F (21 – 60 °C).","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76862938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Functional State Assessment as the Psychological Safety Marker of the Offshore Production Platform Workers","authors":"Y. Korneeva, N. Simonova","doi":"10.4043/31262-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4043/31262-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present study is devoted to the functional states’ identification and description as the psychological safety marker of offshore oil-producing platform workers with the fly-in-fly-out work organization. This will allow identifying an employee's risk group with low psychological safety for the development of measures to improve it, preserve their health and work efficiency. The research was carried out by means of a scientific expedition in April 2019 during the entire fly-in-fly-out visit to the offshore ice- resistant platform in the Caspian Sea. It was attended by 50 employees (average age 36.17 ± 1.064, average work experience on a fly-in-fly-out basis 7.97 ± 0.839, fly-in-fly-out period - 14 days). Research methods are: 1) instrumental psychophysiological methods for assessing the state on the devices «AngioScan» (stress level) and «Psychophysiologist» (operator performance, functional state level, functional reserves level); 2) psychological testing methods are M. Luscher's color test and the \"Well-being. Activity. Insistence\" questioning. Psychological testing of employee's personality traits. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and multivariate methods using the SPSS 23.00 software package.\u0000 As the study result, all employees were divided into two large groups according to functional states indicators: 1) a group with high performance, since these employees have optimal speed, high quality work performance and good health; 2) a group with low performance, because with a favorable general state of health and the performing tasks speed, employees show a low performance. The relationship between the two groups oil-producing platform employees’ subjective characteristics of efficiency and safety studied. It was found that employees with high performance are adapted to the negative environment impact and are characterized by high psychological safety. The second group representatives with low performance give higher assessments of the professional situations danger and are not satisfied with the work schedule, and therefore belong to the risk group and require additional measures to ensure psychological safety. Personal markers of attribution to groups with different efficiency are independence, cyclothymic character accentuation type, planning and the general level of subjective control.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"06 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86047294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Reservoir Management Workflows to Identify Candidates and Rank Opportunities for Production Enhancement and Cost Optimization in a Giant Field in Offshore Abu Dhabi","authors":"Carlos Mata, L. Saputelli, D. Badmaev, Wenyang Zhao, R. Mohan, Dávid Gönczi, A. Schweiger, R. Manasipov, Georg Schweiger, Lisa Krenn, Oussema Toumi","doi":"10.4043/31295-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4043/31295-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As the field matures and overall field production decline, an accelerated and advanced selection of existing wells for workovers and sidetracks would be critical to meet with the increasing demand for production. Traditionally, an intensive effort is required to identify the right candidates and to ensure the technical and economic success of well interventions, infill-drilling locations and sidetrack locations.\u0000 An advanced workflow is developed to automate the repetitive and less added value tasks such as data gathering and validation. The data set included historical production performance, static and dynamic reservoir and fluid properties, events and issues encountered within the evaluated wells and regions. The proposed solution allowed an integrated assessment of production enhancement opportunities through various consistent analytic computations, as well as machine learning techniques including Bayesian networks and time-series forecasting models.\u0000 The automated process generates a comprehensive list of future well interventions including sidetrack candidates, infill-drilling locations and behind casing opportunities with an advanced scoring system and several technical (production performance and reserves) and financial KPIs (i.e. net present value and unit technical cost). Several dashboards built and adjusted with the involvement of various company departments. Lastly, highly ranked opportunities are incorporated into the business plan in accordance to field development targets as well as the availability technical resources (rigs, materials, well availability).\u0000 The developed solution was tested and validated in a giant mature carbonate field with over 700 well strings in Offshore Abu Dhabi. The solution identified 20 times more feasible opportunities than the typical multidisciplinary team review in 75% less time duration. The automated workflows considered re-evaluating and selecting prime candidates with a reduced risk of failure, therefore improving the technical and economic value by 34%. The workflows are scheduled on daily basis giving a time-dependent assessment and expert monitoring system, which can also notify the operator when problems encountered. Instead of computationally heavy traditional numerical simulation models, the assessment of a large number of well count can be done within hours instead of months.\u0000 The combination of physics and machine learning based models lead to the development of automated workflows to rank and determine the best candidates via a successful cost optimization and production enhancement.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81945036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MultiResU-Net: Neural Network for Salt Bodies Delineation and QC Manual Interpretation","authors":"Yesser HajNasser","doi":"10.4043/31169-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4043/31169-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Accurate delineation of salt bodies is essential for the characterization of hydrocarbon accumulation and seal efficiency in offshore reservoirs. The interpretation of these subsurface features is heavily dependent on visual picking. This in turn could introduce systematic bias into the task of salt body interpretation. In this study, we introduce a novel machine learning approach of a deep neural network to mimic an experienced geophysical interpreter's intellect in interpreting salt bodies. Here, the benefits of using machine learning are demonstrated by implementing the MultiResU-Net network. The network is an improved form of the classic U-Net. It presents two key architectural improvements. First, it replaces the simple convolutional layers with inception-like blocks with varying kernel sizes to reconcile the spatial features learned from different seismic image contexts. Second, it incorporates residual convolutional layers along the skip connections between the downsampling and the upsampling paths. This aims at compensating for the disparity between the lower-level features coming from the early stages of the downsampling path and the much higher-level features coming from the upsampling path.\u0000 From the primary results using the TGS Salt Identification Challenge dataset, the MultiResU-Net outperformed the classic U-Net in identifying salt bodies and showed good agreement with the ground truth. Additionally, in the case of complex salt body geometries, the MultiResU-Net predictions exhibited some intriguing differences with the ground truth interpretation. Although the network validation accuracy is about 95%, some of these occasional discrepancies between the neural network predictions and the ground truth highlighted the subjectivity of the manual interpretation. Consequently, this raises the need to incorporate these neural networks that are prone to random perturbations to QC manual geophysical interpretation. To bridge the gap between the human interpretation and the machine learning predictions, we propose a closed-loop-machine-learning workflow that aims at optimizing the training dataset by incorporating both the consistency of the neural network and the intellect of an experienced geophysical interpreter.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"4 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86821896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Digital Solutions to Foster Greater Remote Engagement with Personnel","authors":"Lee Wilson, Ferdinand Velez, Jason Lim, Leah Boyd","doi":"10.4043/30976-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4043/30976-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Like most business sectors, the oil and gas industry had to adapt to virtual meetings and working from home in the new reality of the global COVID-19 pandemic. This has introduced new complications to completing activities that traditionally require personnel to be on site and collaborate in teams. This paper reviews digital initiatives that allow workers to collaborate virtually on EHS (Environmental, Health, & Safety)-driven practices such as safety audits and engage remotely for improved morale.\u0000 Specifically, the paper reviews the recent implementation of digital connectivity solutions for remote workers to join virtual ‘Safety Walk and Talks’ in processing facilities and offshore platforms. It also reviews programs to promote connectivity between workers, including virtual town halls and online coffee-hours conversations.\u0000 While these digitally enabled remote engagement initiatives are still relatively new, they have quickly provided benefits to the safe operation of offshore assets and the morale and mental wellbeing of the workforce. The first virtual ‘Safety Walk and Talk,’ which was conducted in Indonesia, brought together a cross-functional team that was split between a few in-person attendees and a majority of people joining virtually from remote locations. While the digital connection was not seamless, this first-of-its-kind virtual meeting proved the concept. The process improves EHS metrics by minimizing travel of teams to and from the site. It also keeps more people out of potentially hazardous work environments and minimizes exposure to coronavirus or other health hazards.\u0000 Other digital connectivity measures such as virtual town halls and worker-submitted videos have increased engagement between management, workers, and teams located around the globe. A virtual ‘Coffee Roulette’ program, in which workers spin a virtual wheel that connects them with other employees for informal chats, has allowed people to make new connections and feel less isolated.","PeriodicalId":11184,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 18, 2021","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88665868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}