Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Neuroanatomical Correlate of Memory Impairment in Parkinson's Disease Assessed by Composite Recall and Recognition Test with MMSE.","authors":"Yoko Sugimura, Toru Baba, Iori Kawasaki, Tomoko Totsune, Hideki Oizumi, Takafumi Hasegawa, Kyoko Suzuki, Atsushi Takeda","doi":"10.1159/000548180","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Memory impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized mainly by impaired recall with preserved recognition. Despite its clinical importance, there are only a limited number of simple bedside memory tests that can assess both recall and recognition memory together, and that can also be used to detect the neuroanatomical changes in PD. To address this issue, we examined whether a simple memory test that can evaluate both recall and recognition memory can detect cortical abnormalities related to memory impairment in PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed a composite recall and recognition memory score using the Mini-Mental Statement Examination to reflect recall and recognition memory. We assessed memory impairment in 210 patients with PD using this test and investigated the neuroanatomical correlations with the test results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This simple memory test showed that recognition memory was generally preserved in PD, and furthermore, the test results were significantly correlated with atrophy of the limbic and frontal cortices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adding recognition evaluation to a simple memory test can detect abnormalities in memory-related brain regions in PD. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"197-202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Personhood in Dementia.","authors":"Kok Pin Ng, Philip Lin Kiat Yap","doi":"10.1159/000548031","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Polish Version of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease Dementia.","authors":"Anna Barczak, Anna Krempa-Kowalewska","doi":"10.1159/000549856","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) is a widely recognized cognitive screening tool; however, its diagnostic accuracy and optimal cutoff values for distinguishing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD-D) have not been established in the Polish population. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability, diagnostic performance, and optimal cutoff scores of the ACE-III in differentiating between controls, MCI, and AD-D patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1,265 Polish participants were assessed: 767 with AD-D (321 men; mean age, 74.9 ± 8.2 years), 216 with MCI (90 men; mean age, 72.2 ± 8.4 years), and 282 controls (77 men; mean age, 67.1 ± 8.7 years). All underwent cognitive screening using the ACE-III and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Group differences were examined using the Kruskal-Wallis test, while receiver operating characteristic analyses determined diagnostic accuracy and optimal cutoff points. ANCOVA with bootstrap resampling was used to control for age and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Internal consistency of the ACE-III was strong (McDonald's ω = 0.889). The ACE-III demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared with the MMSE, with optimal cutoffs of 88.5 (sensitivity, 98%; specificity, 92%) for distinguishing controls from MCI and 72.5 (sensitivity, 90%; specificity, 76%) for distinguishing MCI from AD-D.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ACE-III is a reliable and sensitive tool for detecting early cognitive decline in the Polish population. Its superior diagnostic utility compared with the MMSE, particularly in identifying early neurocognitive impairment, supports its use in timely diagnosis and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"355-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145965557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Combinations of Modifiable Risk Factors Are Most Prevalent and Most Strongly Associated with Low Cognition? Results from Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.","authors":"Surim Son, Mark Speechley, Guangyong Zou, Manuel Montero-Odasso","doi":"10.1159/000550244","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent multidomain intervention trials for dementia show it is possible to improve cognition by targeting combinations of risk factors. We aimed to identify the most prevalent co-occurring risk factor combinations that are strongly associated with low cognition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis included 30,097 participants aged 45 to 85 in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. The five most prevalent dyad, triad, and tetrad combinations of 12 modifiable risk factors were identified. Neuropsychological test battery composite Z score was calculated to assess cognition. Multivariable linear regression was used to explore the association between the prevalent combinations of risk factors and cognition. Synergistic interaction between risk factors was assessed using interaction terms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most prevalent dyadic combination was physical inactivity and sleep disturbance, with hypertension added for the triad, and obesity added for the tetrad. The dyadic combination associated with both high prevalence and the strongest association with low cognition was hearing loss and physical inactivity (prevalence 27%; mean difference -0.12 [95% CI: -0.14 to -0.09]). For the triad, it was hearing loss, physical inactivity, and hypertension (14%; -0.14 [-0.16 to -0.11]), and with the addition of obesity for the tetrad (5.1%; -0.15 [-0.19 to -0.12]). Synergistic interaction was observed between hypertension and physical inactivity (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prevalent and detrimental combinations of modifiable risk factors for dementia were identified to inform targeted intervention strategies. The synergistic interaction between hypertension and physical inactivity highlights the benefit of addressing both risk factors simultaneously to maximize cognitive benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"342-354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146009224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited Diagnostic Performance of Cerebrospinal Fluid Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Dementia.","authors":"Pontus Erickson, Tobias Borgh Skillbäck, Silke Kern, Ingmar Skoog, Linus Jönsson, Ulf Andreasson, Kaj Blennow, Maria Eriksdotter, Henrik Zetterberg","doi":"10.1159/000550601","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a neuroinflammatory marker reflecting reactive astrogliosis and is measured regularly in clinical practice. However, its diagnostic utility in differentiating dementia subtypes remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate differences in CSF GFAP concentrations and its associations with markers of disease severity and amyloid pathology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using three datasets encompassing a broad range of dementia diagnoses. Included variables were CSF GFAP, β-amyloid 42 (Aβ42), the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, and time from sampling to death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,345 individuals were included. In Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) and Lewy body dementia, GFAP levels were similar (p > 0.05). Lower levels were observed in PDD compared to early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EAD), late-onset AD (LAD), and vascular dementia (VaD) (all p < 0.05); however, the discriminative performance was low-to-moderate: PDD versus LAD (AUROC = 0.74, CI = 0.64-0.84, p < 0.001), VaD (AUROC = 0.71, CI =0.61-0.81, p < 0.001) and EAD (AUROC = 0.59, CI = 0.47-0.71, p = 0.13). Associations were seen with MMSE in mixed AD and VaD (p = 0.027), but not in the other diagnostic categories. GFAP levels did not differ between subjects grouped according to Aβ42/Aβ40 status (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CSF GFAP did not exhibit clinically relevant diagnostic or prognostic value in dementia. Further studies are needed to clarify its role in PDD. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"364-372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12975142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146009270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clock Is Not Enough: The Clock Drawing Test versus the Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment for Detecting Dementia in Older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Adults.","authors":"Jesse Zanker, Zoë Hyde, Kate Smith, Dawn Bessarab, Kate Bradley, Harry Douglas, Jo-Anne Hughson, Huong Nguyen, Rosyln Malay, Rachel Quigley, Kylie Radford, Sarah Russell, Robyn A Smith, Freda Werdiger, Edward Strivens, Leon Flicker, Dina LoGiudice","doi":"10.1159/000548440","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to explore the performance of the Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment - Cognitive component (KICA-Cog) and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults with dementia and without dementia in the Let's CHAT Dementia study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional diagnostic test accuracy study, participants completed Comprehensive Geriatric Assessments. Demographic, health, cognitive, and functional histories, and cognitive assessments (KICA-Cog and CDT) were recorded. The reference standard was consensus diagnosis by two geriatricians blinded to KICA-Cog and CDT performance. Binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses explored accuracy against a diagnosis of dementia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-five adults with a median age of 74 years (interquartile range 65, 78) were assessed, of whom 39 (52.0%) were women. Forty-seven (62.7%) had normal cognition, 15 (20.0%) had cognitive impairment no dementia, and 13 (17.3%) had dementia. Sixty-one (81.3%) participants had completed primary school, and 13 (17.3%) had completed secondary school. People with dementia were older (p = 0.046), but no differences were found for gender, comorbidities, or education. KICA-Cog and CDT scores were inversely associated with dementia in unadjusted and fully adjusted models (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.43, 95% CI [0.26-0.71] and OR = 0.18 [0.07-0.51], respectively). The KICA-Cog was superior to the CDT for classifying dementia in participants, with area under the curve (95% CI) = 0.98 (0.95-1.00); versus 0.79 (0.64-0.93), respectively, p < 0.001. The optimal KICA-Cog cutpoint for classifying dementia was ≤34, with 92.3% sensitivity and 90.3% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>KICA-Cog is superior to CDT at classifying dementia when used with older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults and should, therefore, be prioritised over the CDT for cognitive screening in older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"203-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-Year Cognitive Trajectories in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia: Associations with Attendance in a Multimodal Day-Care Program.","authors":"Miyuki Nemoto, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Miho Ota, Hiroyuki Sasai, Haruhiko Midorikawa, Aya Sekine, Ayako Kitabatake, Tetsuaki Arai","doi":"10.1159/000548680","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia are critical stages at which non-pharmacological strategies may help delay further cognitive decline. While multimodal interventions show short-term benefits, evidence on long-term cognitive trajectories, particularly regarding adherence, remains limited. We examined 5-year changes in cognitive function among individuals with MCI or mild dementia participating in a multimodal day-care program, focusing on adherence levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-arm longitudinal observational study was conducted at the University of Tsukuba Hospital (April 2013-February 2020). The multimodal program (exercise, cognitive training, music and art therapy) was conducted 3 days/week in two 2-h sessions (morning and afternoon). Most participants (approximately 94%) attended once weekly; some attended more often. Cognitive function was assessed annually using the Japanese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-J). Participants were grouped according to attendance thresholds (i.e., the proportion of sessions attended out of the total sessions scheduled: 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%) to examine the association with cognitive outcomes. Mixed-effects models adjusted by propensity scores evaluated longitudinal MMSE-J changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 96 participants (mean age: 71.4 years; baseline MMSE-J: 26.2; mean participation: 3.8 years), the average annual MMSE-J decline was 0.53 points (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: -0.70, -0.36). At the 60% threshold, ≥60% attendance was associated with a 2.3-point decline (vs. 6.6 points for <60%), yielding a -4.6-point difference (95% CI: -7.38, -1.73). Similar findings appeared at 70% (-4.2 points; 95% CI: -6.78, -1.55) over 5 years. No significant interactions were observed at the 50% or 80% threshold.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consistent participation - attending at least 60% of sessions - in a multimodal day-care program was associated with relatively stable cognitive trajectories over 5 years, indicating the importance of sustained engagement. The findings support the potential value of continued participation and warrant further investigation in controlled settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coiling versus Clipping for the Treatment of Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysms: Meta-Analysis on the Effects on Post-Intervention Cognitive Outcomes.","authors":"Quan Zhou, Haonan An, Jinhua Gao, Hao Zhang, Shiliang Wang, Songxia Xu, Feng Guo","doi":"10.1159/000550308","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cognitive impairment is a critical concern in patients after aneurysm repair. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the cognitive outcomes following two common treatment modalities for ruptured cerebral aneurysms: endovascular coiling and microsurgical clipping.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library was conducted, without language restriction at the search stage, to identify relevant studies up to October 2024. Studies of adults with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage treated by coiling or clipping and reporting quantitative cognitive outcomes were included, provided a full text (or sufficient extractable data) was available from randomized controlled trials or observational studies. The primary outcome was cognitive function, measured using standardized mean differences (SMDs) across various domains such as memory, attention, and executive function. A random-effects model was applied to account for heterogeneity, and publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression and Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies with a total of 1,044 participants were included. The pooled analysis demonstrated that coiling was associated with better short-term cognitive outcomes (SMD = 0.984, 95% CI = 0.639 to 1.330, p < 0.000), likely due to its minimally invasive nature. However, long-term cognitive outcomes were uncertain. Sensitivity and publication bias analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, with no significant evidence of publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis suggests that endovascular coiling is associated with better cognitive outcomes compared to microsurgical clipping in the treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Future research should focus on long-term follow-ups, standardized cognitive assessments, and investigating novel treatment strategies to further enhance cognitive outcomes after aneurysm repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"373-385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145932554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Relationship between Inflammatory Proteins and Alzheimer's Disease: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Rui Xu, Yongjun Gao","doi":"10.1159/000546762","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies on Alzheimer's disease (AD) indicate inflammation does not just follow but drives neurodegeneration. Protein aggregation in neurodegeneration can trigger neuroinflammation, worsening protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to use bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to find the causal link between specific inflammatory proteins and AD, creating new hypotheses for studying AD's pathological mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Independent genetic variants for 91 inflammatory proteins (14,824 individuals) and AD (111,326 clinically diagnosed/\"proxy\" AD patients and 677,663 controls) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) from published genome-wide association studies among individuals of predominantly European ancestry. MR analyses included the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, weighted median estimator, MR-Egger regression, sample mode, weighted mode, and sensitivity analyses of Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis, false discovery rate correction, and MR-Egger intercept test. We employed a bidirectional two-sample MR approach to explore the causal relationship between inflammatory proteins and AD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings are mainly based on the IVW approach. Our results indicate that elevated levels of TNF-β (OR = 0.917, 95% CI = 0.862-0.975, p = 0.006) and IL-6 (OR = 0.941, 95% CI = 0.899-0.985, p = 0.009) are significantly associated with a reduced AD risk, while AD has no impact on the levels of the 91 inflammatory proteins selected in this paper. The results of the sensitivity analyses were robust.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated levels of TNF-β and IL-6 exert a protective effect against the occurrence of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"26-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Aysan Moeinafshar, Amir Reza Barati, Sahand Tehrani Fateh, Mohammad Taha Pahlevan Fallahy, Alireza Soltani Khaboushan","doi":"10.1159/000547180","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, affects millions globally, with cognitive impairment as a significant non-motor complication. These cognitive changes, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia, drastically reduce quality of life and worsen prognosis. Early and accurate detection is critical for effective management and therapeutic interventions.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) offer novel solutions for diagnosing, predicting, and managing cognitive deficits in PD by integrating diverse data modalities, including neuroimaging, electrophysiology, kinetic markers, and laboratory biomarkers. Prominent AI techniques, such as support vector machines, random forests, and convolutional neural networks, have demonstrated high accuracy in analyzing multimodal data for cognitive profile prediction. Additionally, AI supports the development of personalized treatment strategies, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, and enhances accessibility through telemedicine initiatives. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in standardizing methodologies, improving model interpretability, and integrating AI tools into clinical practice. Overcoming these hurdles will require robust validation studies and multidisciplinary collaboration.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review examines the transformative role of AI in analyzing multimodal datasets to classify cognitive impairments, predict disease progression, and identify therapeutic targets, paving the way for personalized, patient-centered care in PD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"116-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}