Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Development of a Scale for Assessing Caregiving Competence in Family Caregivers of Persons with Dementia.","authors":"Ippei Suganuma, Noriyuki Ogawa, Kenji Kamijou, Aki Nakanishi, Ippei Kawasaki, Keisuke Itotani, Shinichi Okada","doi":"10.1159/000549413","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aging of family caregivers and the growing number of older adults living alone have intensified concerns about dementia care in Japan. Early and effective assessment of caregiving competence is essential for providing timely support. This study aimed to develop the Caregiving Competence Scale for Dementia (CCSD) for primary family caregivers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-phase scale development study was conducted. In phase 1, potential items were generated through a literature review and refined with feedback from experienced family caregivers. In phase 2, a questionnaire survey assessed construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and examined reliability through internal consistency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses supported a five-factor solution comprising 27 items (7/5/6/3/6 per factor). Sampling adequacy was high (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin = 0.851), and model fit indices indicated acceptable fit (χ2/df = 1.838; Comparative Fit Index = 0.905; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.893; root mean square error of approximation = 0.072). Internal consistency was strong (Cronbach's α = 0.892), and concurrent validity was demonstrated by correlations with measures of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CCSD is a reliable and valid tool for assessing caregiving competence among family caregivers of individuals with dementia, enabling the development of targeted support strategies and appropriate interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"265-279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145444285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tablet-Based Assessment of Picture Naming in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease: An Accessible and Effective Tool for Distinguishing Mild Cognitive Impairment from Normal Aging.","authors":"Lauren Seidman, Sara Hyman, Rachel Kenney, Avivit Nsiri, Steven Galetta, Arjun V Masurkar, Laura Balcer","doi":"10.1159/000546451","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Effective mild cognitive impairment (MCI) screening requires accessible testing. This study compared two tests for distinguishing MCI patients from controls: rapid automatized naming (RAN) for naming speed and low-contrast letter acuity (LCLA) for sensitivity to low-contrast letters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two RAN tasks were used: the Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES, picture naming) and the Staggered Uneven Number test (SUN, number naming). Both RAN tasks were administered on a tablet and in a paper/pencil format. The tablet format was administered using the Mobile Integrated Cognitive Kit application. LCLA was tested at 2.5% and 1.25% contrast.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-four participants (31 MCI, 34 controls; mean age 73.2 ± 6.8 years) were included. MCI patients were slower than controls for paper/pencil (75.0 vs. 53.6 s, p < 0.001), and tablet MULES (69.0 s vs. 50.2 s, p = 0.01). The paper/pencil SUN showed no significant difference (MCI: 59.5 s vs. controls: 59.9 s, p = 0.07) nor did the tablet SUN (MCI: 59.3 s vs. controls: 55.7 s, p = 0.36). MCI patients had worse performance on LCLA testing at 2.5% contrast (33 letters vs. 36, p = 0.04*) and 1.25% (0 letters vs. 14 letters, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed similar performance of paper/pencil and tablet MULES in distinguishing MCI from controls (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.77), outperforming both SUN (AUC = 0.63 paper, 0.59 tablet) and LCLA (2.5% contrast: AUC = 0.65, 1.25% contrast: AUC = 0.72).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MULES, in both formats, may be a valuable screening tool for MCI. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culturally Adapted Cognitive Screening: Validation of the Jilla Moroccan Dementia Scale.","authors":"Mariam Jilla, Saad Mars, Nouhaila Laghnimi, Adil Gourinda, Amine Fakir, Aamer M'Barki, Habiba Zouali, Rachid Belfkih, Said Boujraf, Abdelhamid Benazzouz, Zouhayr Souirtic","doi":"10.1159/000549500","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Standard cognitive screening instruments such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) often fail to identify cognitive impairment in individuals with low literacy or no formal education as these tests rely heavily on reading, writing, and abstract reasoning. In Morocco and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), this limitation contributes to the under-recognition and diagnostic inaccuracy of dementia, particularly in communities with limited access to education or healthcare resources. The aim of the study was to develop and validate a culturally adapted, literacy-independent cognitive screening battery, the Jilla Moroccan Dementia Scale (J-MDS), specifically designed for use among adults with limited schooling in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The J-MDS comprises 17 entirely oral and pictorial subtests assessing memory, attention, language, executive function, praxis, and orientation. A total of 109 participants were included (54 living with dementia and 55 cognitively healthy controls). Dementia diagnosis was established according to DSM-5 clinical criteria, which served as the gold standard. Psychometric properties of the J-MDS were compared with the Moroccan Arabic version of the MoCA (MoCA-Darija). Internal consistency, concurrent validity, and diagnostic accuracy were assessed following the STARDem guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The J-MDS demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.936) and a strong correlation with the MoCA (ρ = 0.944, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.986, with an optimal cutoff score of 82, yielding 98.15% sensitivity and 94.55% specificity for dementia detection. Test performance was unaffected by gender, moderately influenced by age and education level, and remained robust across literacy groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The J-MDS is a reliable, culturally relevant, and clinically feasible cognitive screening tool for low-literacy populations. Its strong psychometric performance and simple administration make it well suited for community and primary care settings in Morocco and comparable LMICs. Future multicentre and longitudinal studies are recommended to establish normative data and confirm its applicability across diverse cultural contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"280-288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Leptin and Adiponectin among Indian Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Initial Experience of Memory Clinic from a Geriatric Tertiary Care Center in India.","authors":"Abhijith Rajaram Rao, Gaurav Desai, Swati Bajpai, Akshata Rao, Rashmita Pradhan, Avinash Chakrawarty, Prasun Chatterjee, Sharmishta Dey, A B Dey","doi":"10.1159/000547481","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to report the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among healthcare-seeking Indian older adults and study the relationship between serum leptin and adiponectin with MCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study, conducted in a tertiary care center's Memory Clinic in India, utilized Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) for patient categorization. Patients with a CDR of 0.5 were diagnosed with MCI, excluding those with a CDR >1. Biochemical markers, including leptin and adiponectin, were measured using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period of 2 years, 163 patients were included. Among them, 84 (52%) had MCI, and 58 (69%) had amnestic MCI. Patients with MCI were older (69.4 vs. 67.4, p = 0.048) and more prevalent in males (29 [72.50%] vs. 11 [44.72%], p = 0.002). Poor education and lower socio-economic status were associated with MCI. Among comorbidities and geriatric syndromes, multi-morbidity (OR: 7.35; 95% CI: 3.44-15.69), diabetes (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.25-5.63), cerebrovascular accident (OR: 27.68; 95% CI: 6.18-124.06), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 4.77; 95% CI: 2.11-10.76), coronary artery disease (OR: 6.64; 95% CI: 2.30-19.12), and urinary incontinence (OR: 5.63; 95% CI: 2.25-14.11) were associated with MCI. Adiponectin was significantly lower in patients with MCI (1.36 vs. 2.50, p = 0.003), whereas serum leptin was higher (2.56 vs. 2.46, p = 0.827) but not significant after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, and coronary artery disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In healthcare-seeking older patients MCI is prevalent and low serum adiponectin may serve as a valuable marker. Addressing multi-morbidity early at the primary care level could be a promising strategy for preventing dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"85-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Letter: \"Dementia Should Not Be Interpreted as a Cause of Ischemic Stroke\".","authors":"Chaeyoon Kang, Seung Won Lee, Hohyun Jung, Youngoh Bae","doi":"10.1159/000551285","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"316-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147343857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Serum Progranulin and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Ping Gong, Jing Shi, Kang Ye, Zhongsheng Zhu","doi":"10.1159/000547668","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Progranulin (PGRN), a secreted glycoprotein, plays a crucial role in several biological processes. However, its association with cognitive impairment in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum PGRN levels and cognitive impairment in patients with CAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 177 patients with CAD and 150 non-CAD controls were included, and serum PGRN concentrations and other CAD-related risk factors were measured. Cognitive function was assessed, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a comparison between patients with CAD (n = 177) and non-CAD (n = 150), CAD with MCI (n = 64), and CAD without MCI (n = 113), patients with CAD and CAD with MCI had significantly lower levels of PGRN (94.99 ± 11.23 ng/mL and 89.41 ± 9.53 ng/mL) than those of non-CAD and CAD without MCI (127.64 ± 14.06 ng/mL and 98.15 ± 10.92 ng/mL, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that lower PGRN levels (odds ratio [OR] = 0.937, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.897-0.979; p = 0.004) and elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (OR = 9.525, 95% CI = 1.485-61.098; p = 0.017), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (OR = 1.257, 95% CI = 1.107-1.427; p < 0.001), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (OR = 1.153, 95% CI = 1.036-1.284; p = 0.009) were independent risk factors for MCI. Conversely, higher brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were protective (OR 0.809, 95% CI = 0.734-0.892; p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified a PGRN cutoff of 93.52 ng/mL as predictive of MCI risk in patients with CAD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that reduced serum PGRN levels are associated with cognitive impairment in CAD, highlighting their potential role as biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"95-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Modifiable Factors Influencing Agitation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Assessment.","authors":"Xinyi Qian, Bo Hong, Yu Xu, Shifu Xiao, Xia Li, Ling Yue","doi":"10.1159/000548514","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to comprehensively assess the impact of caregiver, environmental, and individual factors on agitation symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and identify key modifiable factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 2022 to June 2023, 220 participants (110 patients with AD and their caregivers) were recruited from the Shanghai Mental Health Center. Patients with AD completed demographic, lifestyle, medical history, and neuropsychological tests, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The caregivers completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, environmental factor questionnaire, and emotional state assessments (Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales). Agitation severity was assessed using the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI). Group differences and relationships between potential factors and agitation were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 110 patients with AD, 56.36% exhibited agitation. The agitation group had more male patients (p = 0.012) and female caregivers (p = 0.003), lacked courtyard/garden views (p = 0.007), and had lower MMSE (p = 0.005) and GDS (p = 0.012) scores. After adjusting for variables, access to rooms with courtyard/garden views (OR = 0.256, p = 0.042), male caregivers (OR = 0.246, p = 0.005), and higher MMSE scores (OR = 0.194, p = 0.007) were protective factors against agitation. Male caregivers' presence was associated with a lower incidence of agitation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Improving living environments, promoting male caregivers, enhancing caregiver support, and early cognitive intervention may reduce agitation in AD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Cognitive Screening Tools for Dementia in Low-Educated Population from South America: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Diego Chambergo-Michilot, Nilton Custodio, Rosa Montesinos, Belen Custodio, Nelson Luis Cahuapaza-Gutierrez, Paulo Caramelli, Ismael Luis Calandri, Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki, Claudia Kimie Suemoto, Ricardo Allegri, Andrea Slachevsky, José F Parodi","doi":"10.1159/000548735","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite less education being common in Latin America, there is no systematic review on the use of brief cognitive screening (BCS) tools in illiterate and low-educated adults in the region. We systematically reviewed brief cognitive tests used to identify dementia in illiterate or low-educated adults from South America (SA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines. We searched four major databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, for studies up to September 2023, and included observational studies that reported at least sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, positive predictive value, or negative predictive value of dementia screening tools in illiterate or low-educated (less than 6 years of education) adults from SA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most studies in samples with illiteracy or low education across SA used BCS tools adapted to the local population's language. Seventeen tests were identified; among them, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) were the more common tools with good diagnostic accuracy in people with dementia. The sensitivity and specificity of reported BCS tools were at least 90%, and the area under the ROC curve was higher than 0.95.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The cutoff points for detecting dementia in illiterates and the low-educated adult population of SA should be adjusted for most brief cognitive tests. Developing specific and sensitive cognitive batteries for our region for cognitive evaluation in low-educated/illiterate participants is mandatory, including specific functionality evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"242-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia Should Not Be Interpreted as a Cause of Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Shih-Wei Lai, Kuan-Fu Liao","doi":"10.1159/000550305","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"314-315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145910625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis of P-Tau in Alzheimer's Disease: Trends and Emerging Research Priorities (1991-2024).","authors":"Xing Wang, Ying Shen, Chao Lei, Juan Chai, Qian Tan, Yanqiong Qin","doi":"10.1159/000549394","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As a major contributor to dementia burden worldwide, Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis involves critical phosphorylated tau (p-tau) abnormalities. This research employed bibliometric methods to systematically evaluate worldwide scientific trends, emerging foci, and international collaboration patterns regarding p-tau in AD research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant publications spanning 1991-2024 from the Web of Science Core Collection were extracted. Bibliometric analysis was performed using R package \"Bibliometrix\" (v4.3.3), CiteSpace (v6.1.R2) and VOSviewer (v1.6.20).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,685 publications were included. China led in publication volume (612, 22.8%), followed by the USA (586, 21.8%) and Sweden (212, 7.9%). University of London was the most productive institution (603 publications). Blennow Kaj stood out with publications and citations of 270 and 18,093. The Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Neurology were the top-ranked journal, with the highest publications (321) and citations (6,446), respectively. Cluster analysis revealed four major clusters, including mechanisms underlying p-tau in AD, p-tau as biomarker in AD, diagnosis of AD using p-tau, and consensus in AD. Keyword burst analysis emphasized recent terms such as \"neurofilament light,\" \"dysfunction,\" \"performance,\" and \"biomarker.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study systematically analyzed the researches on p-tau in AD. Research hotspots have evolved from the early focus on pathological features to the exploration of biomarkers-based diagnosis. Recently, the comprehensive assessment AD is emphasized, suggesting that future studies should pay more attention to regulatory mechanism of abnormal p-tau for identification of therapeutic targets and overcome the challenges of p-tau as biomarkers during clinical diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"289-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}