Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Potential of Activated Growth Factor From Platelets in Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment [Letter].","authors":"Sari Luthfiyah, Triwiyanto Triwiyanto, Mohammed Ismath","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S520409","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S520409","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"465-466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Anti-Diabetic Drugs on Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Bo Yang, Huiqun Cheng, Yu Hu, Yizhu Chen, Yong Xu, Wei Huang, Yang Long, Chenlin Gao","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S503216","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S503216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Erectile dysfunction (ED) is considered one of the complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), affecting about 35-75% of diabetic patients. Studies suggest that anti-diabetic drugs could potentially alleviate ED in diabetics, yet the effects of different drug classes remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study aims to investigate the influence of various anti-diabetic drugs on ED.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out, focusing on clinical research linking anti-diabetic drugs and ED. Relevant studies were sought from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Review Manager 5.4.1 facilitated meta-analysis and subgroup analysis, while Stata 15.1 was employed for sensitivity analysis to ensure result robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An initial search yielded 3,906 articles across databases. After screening the titles and abstracts of 3,906 articles and performing a full-text review of 30 selected articles, we selected three studies for analysis ultimately. Our most significant finding is that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) show an advantage over metformin in improving erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients (Z = 2.41, P = 0.02), with a particularly notable effect observed in patients with higher BMI or obesity (Z = 2.26, P = 0.02). This suggests that GLP-1RAs may offer a promising therapeutic option for this patient population. Additionally, thiazolidinediones may enhance sexual function, although their safety and efficacy require further confirmation. Acarbose, insulin, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) also show potential for positively impacting ED, but more research is needed to establish their efficacy. Finally, the impact of metformin and sulfonylureas on ED remains uncertain, with mixed evidence from existing studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, GLP-1RAs demonstrate an advantage over metformin in improving erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients. Other antidiabetic drugs also show potential for enhancing erectile function in this population, but further extensive clinical trials are needed to address knowledge gaps and safety concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"467-478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyroptosis-Mediator GSDMD in Plasma: A Promising Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Lijing Huo, Xuexin Liu, Nan Ding, Hairui Zhang, Shiyu Hou, Jintian He, Baohua Zhao","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S502336","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S502336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the potential of plasma Gasdermin D (GSDMD) as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis and monitoring of type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comparative analysis of clinical indicators among newly diagnosed diabetes patients, those with prediabetes, and healthy controls, finding significantly elevated plasma GSDMD levels in the diabetes group (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Correlation analyses revealed that GSDMD levels were positively associated with inflammatory markers and indicators of insulin resistance, while negatively correlating with HOMA-β (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified GSDMD, IL-6, and CRP as independent risk factors for type 2 diabetes (P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve for plasma GSDMD was 0.988, indicating superior diagnostic capability compared to traditional markers like CRP (0.902) and IL-6 (0.857). With a threshold of 17.67 pg/mL, plasma GSDMD exhibited a sensitivity of 93.9% and specificity of 98.0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that plasma GSDMD not only reflects early metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes but also holds promise as a therapeutic target to mitigate inflammatory responses and improve insulin resistance. Further large-scale clinical studies are warranted to validate its diagnostic utility and enhance clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"453-464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiota in T2DM Patients with Microvascular Complications: A 16S rRNA Sequencing Study.","authors":"Yuying Wang, Dongmei Jiang, Xia Pan, Ke Sun, Tingting Li, Xin Cao, Xiaohui Zhu","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S493720","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S493720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with microvascular complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with T2DM were enrolled as study subjects. Based on the presence of microvascular complications, subjects were divided into a study group, a control group. Clinical fecal samples from the two groups were subjected to diversity analysis using the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology, comparing the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota between the two groups. The Tax4Fun software was utilized for the functional prediction of differential microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3727 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified, with 1311 OTUs common to both groups, and 1363 and 1053 OTUs unique to the study group and the control group, respectively. The study group exhibited a significant increase in the relative abundance of Clostridia and Negativicutes, and a marked decrease in Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, and Verrucomicrobia compared to the control group. LefSe analysis revealed significant differences in the relative abundance at two phyla, two classes, two orders, three families, and two genera levels between the groups. KEGG pathway analysis of differential microbiota identified 10 pathways with statistically significant differences (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals significant disparities in gut microbiota abundance between T2DM patients and those with microvascular complications of T2DM, suggesting potential microbial markers for diagnosing and treating microvascular complications of T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"373-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11831918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Support Vector Machine for Stratification of Cognitive Impairment Using 3D T1WI in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Zhigao Xu, Lili Zhao, Lei Yin, Milan Cao, Yan Liu, Feng Gu, Xiaohui Liu, Guojiang Zhang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S480317","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S480317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the potential of MRI-based radiomics in predicting cognitive dysfunction in patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In this study, data on 158 patients with T2DM were retrospectively collected between September 2019 and December 2020. The participants were categorized into a normal cognitive function (N) group (n=30), a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group (n=90), and a dementia (DM) group (n=38) according to the Chinese version of the Montréal Cognitive Assessment Scale-B (MoCA-B). Radiomics features were extracted from the brain tissue except ventricles and sulci in the 3D T1WI images, support vector machine (SVM) model was then established to identify the CI and N groups, and the MCI and DM groups, respectively. The models were evaluated based on their area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), Precision (P), Recall rate (Recall, R), F1-score, and Support. Finally, ROC curves were plotted for each model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study consisted of 68 cases in the N and CI group, with 54 cases in the training set and 14 in the verification set, and 128 cases were included in the MCI and DM groups, with 90 training sets and 38 verification sets. The consistency for inter-group and intra-group of radiomics features in two physicians were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. After features selection, there were 11 optimal features to distinguish N and CI and 12 optimal features to MCI and DM. In the test set, the AUC for the SVM classifier was 0.857 and the accuracy was 0.830 in distinguishing CI and N, while AUC was 0.821 and the accuracy was 0.830 in distinguishing MCI and DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SVM model based on MRI radiomics exhibits high efficacy in the diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction and evaluation of its severity among patients with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"435-451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear Association Between the Liver Fat Content and the Risk of Hyperuricemia in Prediabetic Individuals: Evidence from Cross-Sectional Health Screening Data in China.","authors":"Ao Liu, Xin Li, Xueyi Zhang, Keke Chen, Zhi Zou, Yongbing Sun, Jing Zhou, Zhonglin Li, Xiaoling Wu, Xue Lv, Hao Li, Zhiping Guo, Yongli Li","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S506893","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S506893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The impact of hepatic lipid accumulation on hyperuricemia presents an intriguing research avenue, particularly in light of existing studies linking obesity with hyperuricemia. Nevertheless, there remains a scarcity of quantitative investigations into the correlation between liver fat content (LFC) and hyperuricemia among prediabetic cohorts, notably within the Chinese demographic.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Health Management Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital between January 2019 and December 2023, involving 2,950 pre-diabetic participants. Participants were categorized into groups based on diagnostic criteria for hyperuricemia. LFC was assessed using computed tomography. Statistical analyses included multivariate logistic regression, limited cubic spline regression models, and subgroup analyses to explore the association between LFC and hyperuricemia among individuals with pre-diabetes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of hyperuricemia among the 2,950 prediabetic individuals was observed to be 22.20%. Prediabetic individuals with hyperuricemia exhibited higher levels of LFC compared to those without hyperuricemia. This association persisted even after adjusting for other variables, indicating a heightened risk of hyperuricemia among prediabetic individuals with elevated LFC [Q4 vs Q1: odds ratio (OR 2.70), 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.93-3.79, <i>P</i> < 0.001; <i>P</i> _{for trend} < 0.001]. Importantly, a nonlinear relationship between LFC and hyperuricemia risk was identified in the prediabetic individuals, showing a significant increase in hyperuricemia risk when LFC exceeded 8.4% (OR per standard deviation = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.08, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In individuals with prediabetes, a higher LFC is associated with an elevated risk of hyperuricemia, especially when LFC exceeds 8.4%.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"423-434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Inpatients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer Admitted with Non-Ulcer Complaints: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Lan Li, Yue Li, Shuang Qin, Jing Zeng, Wanxia Ma, Dong Wei","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S502164","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S502164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) inpatients admitted with non-ulcer complaints constitute a neglected group that might suffer from more non-standard treatments. This study intends to describe their clinical characteristics, and clarify the problems existing in the DFU management process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, admission complaints were determined by combining the final diagnosis and clinical documentation, and were categorized as: ulcer-related or non-ulcer complaints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 264 DFU inpatients were included in the final analysis, of which, 80 (30.3%) were admitted with non-ulcer complaints. A total of 82.5% of the DFU inpatients with non-ulcer complaints were admitted to departments without DF specialists. IWGDF/IDSA grade, cerebrovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, infection in other parts, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c and the source of hospitalization expenses were the independent influencing factors for admission with non-ulcer complaints (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Before admission, only 11.3% of the patients with non-ulcer complaints had ever been treated by a DF specialist and/or in a clinical setting with DF specialists. After admission, 25.0% of the DFU inpatients with non-ulcer complaints did not receive any local wound care, and only 7.6% of the patients admitted to the departments without DF specialists obtained a referral.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately one-third of inpatients with DFU are admitted with non-ulcer complaints and most of them are admitted to departments without DF specialists. Inpatients with non-ulcer complaints have milder wounds but more severe and greater comorbidities and worse organ function. These patients do not receive standardized management for DFU either before or after admission. Targeted measures are needed to improve this situation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"399-411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Ferritin Levels in Pregnancy and Their Association with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Zhenhua Qin, Yao Du, Zidi Wang, Xianfeng Qin, Hongchi Wu, Xiangyuan Yu, Chaochao Zhao, Lei Mo, Bo Huang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S480347","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S480347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Elevated serum ferritin (SF) levels are associated with oxidative stress (OS) and systemic inflammation in various disorders. However, the changes in SF levels during pregnancy and their relationship with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and blood glucose levels are not well understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective longitudinal study included 390 participants (130 GDM cases and 260 controls) during early pregnancy. We measured SF levels in the1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd trimesters, as well as plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the 1^st trimester, blood glucose levels in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the 2^nd trimester. We used Spearman's rank correlation to estimate the association between SF, OS, inflammation and glucose levels. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the OR of GDM associated with SF. Multiple stepwise regression models were used to assess the relationship between glucose levels and the risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SF levels decreased with increasing gestation in the study population. Compared to controls, GDM patients had significantly higher levels of SF (1^st and 2^nd trimesters), MDA, CRP, and HbA1c. SF was positively correlated with MDA and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Elevated SF levels during early pregnancy were significantly associated with increased GDM risks (OR = 2.024, 95% CI: 1.076 - 3.807). The explanatory variables that contributed to increased glucose levels were SF, MDA, body mass index (BMI), maternal age, and family history of diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SF is significantly associated with GDM and may be a potential biomarker for GDM in early pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"413-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Predictive Models for Progression from Diabetic Kidney Disease to End-Stage Renal Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Huiyue Hu, Xiaodie Mu, Shuya Zhao, Min Yang, Hua Zhou","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S500992","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S500992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and to evaluate the effectiveness of renal pathology and the kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) in this context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study comprised two parts. The first part involved 555 patients with clinically diagnosed DKD, while the second part focused on 85 patients with biopsy-proven DKD. Cox regression analysis and competing risk regression were employed to identify independent predictors. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate prediction performance, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the model's accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Cox regression model developed for the 555 patients clinically diagnosed with DKD identified 5 predictors (body mass index (BMI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 24-hour urinary total protein (UTP), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), and controlling nutritional status (CONUT), whereas the Competing risks model included 4 predictors (BMI, eGFR, UTP, CONUT). Among 85 patients with biopsy-proven diabetic DKD, the combined prognostic model integrating KFRE, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA), SII and BMI demonstrated enhanced predictive ability at 5 years. The developed models offer improved accuracy over existing methods by incorporating renal pathology and novel inflammatory indices, making them more applicable in clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The predictive model proved to be effective in assessing the progression of DKD to ESRD. Additionally, the combined model of KFRE, IFTA, SII, and BMI demonstrates high predictive performance. Future studies should validate these models in larger cohorts and explore their integration into routine clinical practice to enhance personalized risk assessment and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"383-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-Clinical Regional Macular Changes in Self-Reported Diabetic Subjects: Vascular and Retinal Layer Analysis Using Swept-Source OCT.","authors":"Naveen Kumar Challa, Waleed M Alghamdi, Muhammed S Alluwimi, Saleh Alshammeri","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S504882","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S504882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess and compare subclinical alterations in superficial capillary plexus vessel density (SCPVD) and retinal layers thickness in the macular region between individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Swept-source OCT images were obtained from 29 control subjects and 24 diabetic subjects. Macular thickness (MT), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness were measured in the central macula and four quadrants of macular region using a 6.0 × 6.0 mm radial macular scan centered on the fovea. OCTA acquisition included a 3.0 × 3.0 mm macular scan for the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and a 4.5 × 4.5 mm macular scan for SCPVD. The FAZ was manually mapped at the SCP on OCTA images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In diabetic subjects, the superficial capillary plexus vessel density (SCPVD) was significantly lower in both the central (P = 0.04) and inferior (P = 0.01) regions compared to the control group. Additionally, diabetic patients showed a significant reduction in temporal macular thickness (MT) and thinning of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) in all three quadrants except in the central and inferior macula (P < 0.05). There was also significant thinning of the superior macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in diabetics compared to controls (P = 0.02). While the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was larger in diabetic subjects, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.78). Duration of diabetes has shown a significantly high positive correlation (r = 0.77, P < 0.01) with superior macular VD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that the diabetic macula experiences significant ganglion cell layer (GCL) thinning and reduced superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vascular density even before the onset of clinical retinopathy. Swept-source OCT proves to be an essential tool for detecting these early changes in diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"363-372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}