Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division最新文献

{"title":"On the Use of Artificial Neural Network Technique for Seismic Fragility Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Industrial Frame","authors":"G. Quinci, Nam Hoang Phan, F. Paolacci","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-83874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83874","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fragility function that defines the probability of exceedance of a damage state given a ground motion intensity (IM) is an essential ingredient of modern approaches to seismic engineering as the performance-based earthquake engineering methodology. Epistemic as well as aleatory uncertainties associated with seismic loads and structural behavior are usually taken into account to analytically develop such curves. However, structural analyses are time-consuming, requiring generally a high computational effort. Moreover, the conditional probability of failure is usually computed by regression analysis assuming predefined probability functions, like the log-normal distribution, without prior information on the real probability distribution. To overcome these problems, the artificial neural network (ANN) technique is used for the development of structural seismic fragility curves considering record-to-record variability and structural parameter uncertainties. In this respect, the following aspects are addressed in this paper: (a) implementation of an efficient algorithm to select IMs as inputs for ANN, selecting the most relevant ones; (b) derivation of surrogate models by using the ANN technique, c) computation of fragility curves with Monte Carlo Simulations method and verification of the validity. These methods enable the implicit treatment of uncertainty in either or both of ground motion intensity and structural properties without making any prior assumption about the probability function. This methodology is then applied to estimate the probability of failure of a non-structural component (NSC), i.e., vertical tank, located on a typical three-dimensional industrial frame. First, an extensive sensitivity analysis on the ANN input parameters is performed (feature selection), identifying the type and number of seismic intensity measures (amplitude-based, frequency-based, and time-based IM). Then different surrogate models are derived investigating the number of hidden layers and parameters. A multiple stripe analysis is then performed on a nonlinear model of the structure, deriving the set of data for the ANN. Different training and test subsets are used to derive the surrogate model. Finally, a Monte Carlo simulation is performed to derive the fragility curves for the limit state considered. Finally, the risk assessment is obtained, evaluating the mean annual rate of failure of the NSC.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125152978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the Airborne Release Fraction of a 3013 Container Subjected to a Fire","authors":"S. Hensel, J. Norkus","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-80936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-80936","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Plutonium oxide bearing materials stabilized and packaged per DOE-STD-3013 are currently stored at the US Department of Energy Savannah River Site (SRS) in a shipping package such as a 9975. All 3013 outer containers are designed identically, however, there are two fabrication techniques: machined and flow-formed. The 3013 container is removed from the shipping package and introduced into a glove box for subsequent direct can cutting of the outer and inner 3013 containers where the oxide is down blended with an inert adulterant for permanent disposition. The hypothetical accident of interest is a fire which occurs after the 3013 is removed from the shipping package and prior to it being cut open. This calculation determines the airborne release fraction (ARF) from a 3013 container during a fire by utilizing the calculation methodology from NUREG/CR-6410 and 3013 fire test data from Sandia National Laboratories.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131717726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Dissimilar Metal Welding in Hydrogen Rich and Low Temperature Petrochemical Applications","authors":"M. Dalal, Allie Hosack, Neil Park, J. Penso","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-85401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-85401","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Dissimilar metal welds (DSMW) have been used for extensive time in hydrogen rich and low temperature petrochemical applications. Frequently they are used when there is a temperature or corrosivity stream transition aiming to optimize initial project costs. Experience shows a mix of successful and failure applications. Industry standards have slowly adding guidance to prevent failures. The wide variety to DSMWs materials combinations and service conditions poses a significant challenge for standardization. Maximizing the lives of dissimilar metal weldments requires early involvement starting with the design and continuing with the fabrication, operation, and inspection phases. Although common goal is to avoid them, in practice there are situations when is no practical to elude them when constructing new units.\u0000 In this paper in additional to a literature review section, several real examples of ferritic-ferritic, austenitic-austenitic, and ferritic-austenitic dissimilar welds are described along with the steps involved as described above to prevent failures. Butt welds and weld overlays are covered, as well as some failures. Cases covered include dissimilar metals welds in steam methane reformers, hydroprocessing and olefin units at high and low temperatures. Examples of metallurgical characterization and fitness for service assessments are included. Also, a summary of industry code guidance for designing, fabrication and inspection are included.\u0000 The paper finally includes a summary of recent research activities in this field.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114459552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence for the Output Processing of Phased-Array Ultrasonic Test Applied to Materials Defects Detection in the ITER Vacuum Vessel Welding Operations","authors":"Maria Ortiz de Zuniga, N. Prinja, Cristian Casanova, Andres Dans Alvarez de Sotomayor, M. Febvre, Ana María Camacho López, Álvaro RODRÍGUEZ PRIETO","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84654","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been applied to accelerate the analysis of outputs from the phased-array ultrasonic (PAUT) non-destructive testing (NDT).\u0000 The aim of this work is the development and analysis of AI tools for the output processing of PAUT applied to welding defects detection in the ITER Vacuum Vessel manufacturing. The development of the AI model, parameters of the data and data processing are described herein.\u0000 This development shows that AI is an appropriate tool to process PAUT data, resulting in an accuracy of prediction of over 83%. This allows for prompter data availability and gives an additional information set in order for projects to take informed decisions. The human error factors are decreased through this automation, as is the large time required to process each PAUT output, which can be decreased from an average of a week to a matter of minutes. A successful AI application for UT has a potential to save time and cost.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114479233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiment Study on Acoustic Emission of Different Energy of Impact-Damaged Fully-Wrapped Composite Gas Cylinders With Non-Metallic Liner","authors":"Liang Cheng, Qinghua Li, Dongliang Cui, K. Bo, Xiang Li","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84490","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the rapid development of clean energy, type 4 cylinders will be widely used in the world due to their many attractive advantages. Impact damage, cuts and abrasions are the common damage modes of type 4 cylinder. Impact damage affects the safety of cylinders, but few studies are involved in the assessment of impact damage for type 4 cylinders.\u0000 In order to evaluate the safty state of cylinder with impact damage, drop tests and burst tests were carried out for type 4 cylinders. The effect of different degree of impact damage to cylinder burst pressure cylinder was obtained. AE tests were carried out on undamaged cylinder and impact-damaged cylinders with different impact energy. The essential characteristics of AE signals for different energy levels of impacted cylinders were obtained.\u0000 The results showed that there was a critical impact damage at which cylinder burst pressure started to decrease. There were obvious changes of AE test results when peformed on impacted cylinders with different impact energy. AE cumulative hit number correlated well with the degree of impact damage of type 4 cylinder. AE cumulative hit number and signal energy were two critical parameters for evaluating the cylinder with impact damage. It demonstrated that AE test was efficient and could be used to differentate a cylinder which has a loss of key performance resulted from impact damage.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"32 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124532910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Mitigation of Sliding Motion of Cask-Canister Coupled System Subjected to Seismic Excitation Using Highly Viscous Fluid","authors":"A. Shintani, C. Nakagawa, Tomohiro Ito","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84516","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, the suppression of the sliding motions of a coupled cask-canister system was investigated using a damping device consisting of two coaxial cylinders filled with a highly viscous liquid. An analytical model describing the coupled cask-canister system connected to a damping device is presented. The sliding behavior of the coupled cask-canister system when subjected to seismic excitations was studied both with and without a damping device. The displacement of the cask was found to be suppressed in most cases. By contrast, the displacement of the canister could not be mitigated completely. However, it was found that the acceleration response of the canister could be reduced significantly if its natural frequency is sufficiently different from the input frequency of the seismic waves.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122668836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior and Failure Probability of Elbow Pipes Based on High Acceleration Vibration Test","authors":"Ryuya Shimazu, M. Sakai, Yohei Ono","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84128","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 For the seismic fragility assessment of piping systems in a nuclear power plant, the failure probability of piping systems is calculated elastically under the assumption that ductile rupture occurs. However, some previous studies have reported that the primary failure mode of piping systems is fatigue. There exists a possibility that the result of the fragility assessment that assumed ductile rupture may have included some safety margins. In fragility assessments, it is important to accurately recognize the actual capacity and uncertainty by eliminating the safety margins considered in the design. In this study, to conduct a fragility assessment considering elastic-plastic behavior under the assumption that fatigue failure occurs, the low cycle fatigue behavior of elbow pipes was obtained via high acceleration vibration and static loading tests. The analysis model of the tests was developed for the evaluation of the fatigue failure probability of the elbow pipe. The linear cumulative damage of the specimen at the initiation of the fatigue crack was calculated. The equivalent strain amplitude was calculated, and the test results were plotted on the fatigue curve. Then, the failure probability of elbow pipes was evaluated by using the analysis model under the assumption that the vibration test results produced the median strength value. This evaluation result was compared with the case in which the value obtained from the conventional fatigue diagram was used as the median strength.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127303851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability Improvement Concept on Welded Lip-Seal Heat Exchanger Flange Joints","authors":"Simon Yuen, J. Fernando, J. Penso, Henry Kwok, Duane Serate","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84153","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Lip-seal flange joints are commonly used in high-pressure heat exchanger design when there exists a significant temperature differential along the circumference of the heat exchanger flanges. This type of joint consists of two metal ring gaskets that are welded together to provide the necessary pressure seal. While conventional metal ring gaskets generally provide sufficient structural reliability, cracks have been reported to develop on the joints unexpectedly. This study investigates several special joint design features that aim to improve the reliability of such joints. Specifically, these features include machined pockets in the flange faces and weld overlay to house/constrain the lip-seal components, a self-alignment lip-seal feature, and tight fabrication tolerances. These improvement features mitigate thermal stresses on the lip-seal joints, thereby increasing the fatigue life of the joints. In addition, the self-alignment feature has the potential to aid in the optimization of field installation procedures. In the current work, the proposed improvement features are assessed using a series of FEA simulations to demonstrate their effectiveness. In particular, stress distributions at critical locations of the joint are compared between the new design and the conventional lip-seal design to quantify the relative improvement of the proposed design changes.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128752376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of Compression Set of EPDM O-Rings During Aging","authors":"M. Zaghdoudi, M. Weber, A. Kömmling, M. Jaunich, D. Wolff","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84214","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 It is common practice in the application of finite element analysis to model compression set (CS) of elastomers during aging with two different material models according to the two-network theory of Tobolsky. The theory relies on the existence of two networks. The first one represents the original network after vulcanization and is sensitive to chain scission. The second network accounts for the formation of additional crosslinking during aging. Besides the use of user subroutines to describe the two-network model, an element overlay technique is also needed as the full set of both material behaviors did not exist for assignment to a single element. This element overlay technique is valuable for research and developmental purposes but makes extension to industrial usage quite challenging. Our goal is to simulate the CS of elastomers after long-term aging in a commercial finite element software with no need for extra subroutine codes or mesh superposition.\u0000 Ethylene propylene diene (EPDM) O-rings were aged in a compressed state at 75 °C, 100 °C, 125 °C and 150 °C for up to 183 days. Investigations of the experimental test results were used to identify material models and their parameters to develop a finite element model to simulate CS. The model was implemented in the finite element software ABAQUS/Standard® with a sequential temperature-displacement coupling.\u0000 Regarding the influence of temperature, the Arrhenius equation is adopted for the time-temperature relationship. The activation energy value that is required for the simulation is firstly determined from shifting the experimental CS results with the time-temperature superposition technique and plotting the shift factors in an Arrhenius diagram. The experiments were compared with the simulation results. Afterwards different activation energies were used in the simulation and discussed. A suitable choice of the activation energy value with regard to the reference temperature and the test temperature is presented. With the chosen activation energies, the match between numerical CS values after long-term aging and the experimental results was improved.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114304078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Method for Evaluating a 4-Piece Retaining Ring","authors":"A. Reich, R. DiSalvo","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-83675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83675","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Valves used for nuclear power applications are designed according to the rules in the ASME Section III Code [1]. A review of the applicable rules governing valve design (i.e. NC-3500) reveals that the Code favors valve body designs with very conventional shapes and elements. The nuclear supplier base has contracted over the past few decades and there are significantly fewer vendors that maintain nuclear QA programs than in the past. As a result, there has been an increasing trend toward using commercial grade dedication (CGD) methods to enable the use of valves successfully deployed in other applications for use as replacement parts, or as part of plant modifications, in nuclear power plants. This paper discusses the qualification of a check valve for a Section III application that had previously been used in other industries. The valve was designed with a split ring that retained the bonnet instead of a more traditional flanged cover. The split ring design is logical from a commercial perspective — it is faster to assemble and maintain the valve, and therefore less expensive to manufacture. However, the ASME Section III Code does not contemplate a split retaining ring in the standard design elements explicitly covered by the Code. This paper provides information about the split ring design and the analytical methods we developed to conservatively evaluate the as part of the valve pressure boundary.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127531002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}