Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division最新文献

{"title":"Relationship Between Natural Period, Strength, and Response Of Piping Systems Subjected to Seismic Motion","authors":"I. Tamura, S. Tamura","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-83884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83884","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The relationship between the natural period, strength, and the response of piping systems subjected to seismic motion was investigated for straight piping systems and piping systems with elbows. The strength of each mode of a piping system subjected to seismic motion, or seismic inertia force, is represented by the modal yield acceleration, that is, the modal yield strength normalized by the modal mass. The response of that is represented by the modal ductility factor, that is, the ductility factor of the first yielding part of the piping system in its mode. The relationship between the natural period and modal yield acceleration is represented by the proposed piping yield diagram. The relationship between the natural period, modal yield acceleration, and the response is represented by the well-known inelastic response spectrum, or constant-ductility response spectrum. Using these diagrams and spectra, the responses of piping systems to various seismic motions could be estimated without performing individual dynamic analyses of them.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134082129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Recurrent Neural Network Method for Condition Monitoring and Predictive Maintenance of Pressure Vessel Components","authors":"C. Halliday, I. Palmer, Nigel Pready, M. Joyce","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84696","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 High-fidelity physics simulations such as finite element analyses (FEA) provide accurate solutions to complex physical problems that are encountered in equipment subjected to transient conditions. However, such simulations come with significant computational expense, which often prevents them from being used for condition monitoring as a ‘digital twin’. Physics-based reduced order models (ROMs) seek to reduce this computational cost by using classical equations, augmented with empirical factors, to predict some unknown physical quantity of interest over time. Such ROMs are fast to run and simple to tailor for different load cases, but often require significant bespoke development effort. Additionally, developing the formulation of such ROMs becomes increasingly difficult as the complexity of the modelled physical phenomena increases.\u0000 Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning have resulted in techniques that are ideally placed to address the shortfalls of ROMs and maintain their benefits. A common problem that a physics-based ROM attempts to solve is predicting an unknown time-varying parameter (such as stress) based on a set of known time-varying parameters. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are well suited to tackle exactly this problem as an RNN-ROM.\u0000 An RNN-ROM has been developed and validated against finite element analyses for a piece of rotating machinery subjected to complex thermal transients. Transient thermal datasets were extracted from locations of interest in an FEA representation of a rotating component and used as inputs to the RNN-ROM to predict time-dependent transient thermal behavior. The results were compared to the high-fidelity finite element model from which the input data was extracted; these results showed significantly improved accuracy compared to physics-based ROMs.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133308176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual Stress Modeling and Advanced Diffraction Measurements of 347H Steel Weldments","authors":"Yi Yang, D. Han, Yanfei Gao, Wei Zhang, J. Bunn, E. A. Payzant, J. Penso, Zhili Feng","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-85608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-85608","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The 347H stainless steel is a primary high-temperature material for many energy and power generation industries. Stress relief cracking (SRC) has been a particular concern in welding of this material. The residual stress induced by welding and its evolution during post-welding heat treatment (PWHT) and subsequent operating and service conditions is one of the primary factors contributing to SRC. The lifetime of welded structure components is also controlled by the precipitation kinetics that accompanies PWHT, stress relaxation process, and long-term aging and complex synergistic factors. Various theories have been proposed in the past to explain SRC. However, a widely accepted approach to predicting the entire damage evolution and the resulting performance reduction is still lacking. This study is to demonstrate a reliable solution for two critical issues that affect the predictions. First, the residual stress distribution obtained from both simulation and neutron diffraction is compared, which increases the accuracy of mechanical analysis simulation model and therefore builds a solid basis for the lifetime prediction model. Second, the generation, evolution, and annihilation of precipitates are monitored by the synchrotron diffraction experiment. Preliminary results demonstrate the critical importance of precipitation kinetics on the residual stress distribution/redistribution during heat treatments.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129352238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Modeling of Hanford Lead Canister’s Heater Bench Tests","authors":"S. Suffield, Christopher L. Grant, N. Klymyshyn","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-83737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83737","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was built to simulate planned testing of heater assemblies for the Hanford Lead Canister (HLC) project. The HLC is a canister storage system that will contain heaters to simulate the decay heat of nuclear material and provide the canister storage system with environmental conditions equivalent to the operating conditions on a dry storage pad. The HLC will be equipped with long-term data collection and monitoring systems to provide an early warning of corrosion, pitting, cracking, or other signs of canister degradation that might threaten the integrity of the containment boundary over the potentially long term of dry storage. An important part of the HLC development is to confirm the function and ability of the electric heater assemblies that were specially designed to provide heating similar to the decay heat of nuclear material contained within the canister storage system. Heater bench testing is planned for early 2022 in a test configuration that does not include the canister. The goal of the bench testing is to verify that the heaters can replicate the decay heat of a canister with nuclear material and to validate the thermal models, which are critical to understanding the HLC’s thermal environment, including the local air flow within the canister storage system. Testing of the heater assemblies inside the canister system are planned in the future to validate canister level thermal models, and rigorous pre-deployment testing of the complete HLC cask and canister system is intended to be completed before the HLC is deployed in the 2025–2026 timeframe.\u0000 This study presents the pre-test temperature predictions of the bench testing. A description of the heater assemblies and planned bench testing is presented. The model was developed with the commercial CFD code STAR-CCM+. An uncertainty analysis was run with the CFD model to determine the uncertainty in the temperature predictions and provide a range over which the predicted temperatures are expected to vary. The uncertainty analysis was performed by coupling STAR-CCM+ with the software Dakota, which provides advanced parametric analyses, including quantification of margins and uncertainty with computational models. This work is expected to provide insight into SNF canister behavior1.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125045347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiber-Optic Sensing for Seating Stress Quantification in Semi-Metallic Gaskets","authors":"Ben Cloostermans, D. Pronk, Björn Bruckenburg, T. Geernaert","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-83913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83913","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Modern sealing components are essential in today’s industry. The recent global focus on environment, sustainability and safety is encouraging gasket manufacturers to innovate and think of the gasket of tomorrow. Not only are performance expectations increasing rapidly, but advancements in gasket manufacturing and material technologies are producing gaskets that — in both theory and practice — generate tighter seals and reduce harmful emissions. The major impediment to attaining these results in the field is the lack of advancement in assembly accuracy and real-time monitoring of gasket stress. Currently the user relies on industrial calculation standards that are designed to determine the required bolt load to maintain a leak free seal over the required timeframe. Such calculations often yield a proper approximation of the situation, but they inherently rely on simplifications and assumptions. Furthermore, the correct execution of installation protocols is difficult to verify. The state-of-play does not allow in-situ measurements of the seating stress in the gasket. This study addresses state-of-the-art shortcomings in bolted flange connections and proposes a solution to mitigate them by means of sensors. We successfully integrate optical fiber sensors inside semi-metallic gaskets and experimentally demonstrate the direct measurement of seating stress. Such in-situ seating stress quantification enables installation and condition monitoring serving an optimal lifecycle prediction and failure prevention. As such, this approach contributes to increased sustainability of bolted flange connections.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129157683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Service Repair Challenges With Pyrolysis and Steam Methane Reformers High Temperature Metallurgy","authors":"Sophia Zhu, M. Dalal, J. Penso","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-85600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-85600","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The high temperature section of pyrolysis furnaces and steam methane reformers are exposed to conditions ranging from ambient temperature during shutdowns to temperatures near 1093°C (2000°F) when in service in the case of pyrolysis tubes. These conditions lead to variety of metallurgical transformation affecting material properties at different temperatures. The involved materials are exposed to internal and external environments leading to chemical and metallurgical reactions causing additional material property changes. Moreover, pressure boundary components also need to withstand other high temperature damage mechanisms including creep, stress-relaxation cracking, thermal fatigue, and thermal shock.\u0000 The paper reviews high temperature metallurgy and degradation mechanisms for both pyrolysis and steam methane reformer services. Several case histories are presented. For pyrolysis service, furnace coil failures due to thermal fatigue/thermal shock, quench nozzle failures and transfer line exchanger tube failures are covered. For steam methane reformer, several failures in furnace coil tubes, reducers, pigtails, and outlet headers are covered.\u0000 In order to select the suitable alloys for resistance of thermal shock and thermal fatigue, a research study has been carried out to rank the high temperature alloys’ resistance to thermal shock and thermal fatigue based on the test protocols which represent the extreme temperature conditions. General guidance on material selection, failure prevention and welding repairs are included.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115010755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}