Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division最新文献

{"title":"Piping Vibration Mitigation Comparison Using Snubbers and Struts","authors":"K. L. Saunders, Michael Onorato","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-85172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-85172","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 One of the typical characteristics of high temperature piping systems is that they are more flexible. This is due primarily to expansion stress limits which cause the piping designer to add additional elbows and to minimize axial or lateral stops. The resulting higher flexibility and lower frequency piping system is vulnerable to vibration loading which may result in excessive displacements, and hence, excessive stresses. Two options for reducing vibration displacements are adding snubbers or adding struts to the piping system. Both snubbers and struts will act as rigid components when subjected to vibration loading. The snubber has the advantage over the strut of being able to displace in all directions when the piping system is heated, thus allowing the expansion stresses to be minimized. Also, snubbers that are better suited for mitigating operational vibrations also have the advantage of being effective in all three orthogonal directions. The strut has the advantage over the snubber in that the installation cost is less. Two identical piping systems were both experiencing high vibration loading requiring the addition of vibration mitigation supports. One piping system was remediated with snubbers, and the other was remediated with struts. The resulting cost differences and the vibration response of these two piping systems will be discussed. Additionally, the challenges of making these two approaches most effective will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"17 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120986012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy-Based Very Low Cycle Fatigue Crack Growth Simulation for Seismic Application","authors":"Jin‐Ha Hwang, Yun‐Jae Kim, Jin-Weon Kim","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84686","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the previous studies, the energy-based damage model was developed by simulating cracked pipe fracture behaviour under seismic loading. The multi-axial fracture strain energy density, the parameter of energy-based damage model, was determined by standard tensile test data and monotonic cracked pipe test data. Very low cycle fatigue crack growth was simulated by applying the multi-axial fracture strain energy density under monotonic loading. When the previous energy-based damage model was applied to simulate cracked pipe fracture test under seismic loading, the simulated results were good agreement with experimental data under high load amplitude reverse cyclic loading and displacement controlled large scale cyclic loading. However, the conservative predicted results are shown in pipe test with low load amplitude and different load ratio.\u0000 In this paper, the energy-based damage model was improved by incorporating the effect of load amplitude and load ratio on multi-axial fracture strain energy density. The cyclic multi-axial fracture strain energy density increased by depending on the load amplitude and load ratios. The improved damage model was applied by pipe fracture test under seismic loading with various load amplitudes and load ratios. The pipe tests were subjected by using circumferential through-wall crack (TWC) and surface crack (SC) pipe specimen. The seismic loading consisted of two load amplitudes and two load ratios. The simulated results were compared with experimental data and validated.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125277254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on On-Line Monitoring and Evaluation Method of Thermal Insulation Performance of Vehicle LNG Gas Cylinder","authors":"Kun Shi, Yunyi Zhou, Hangjian Hu, Zhixiang Duan","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84413","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Driven by energy structure optimization, environmental pollution control and climate change constraints, the development of new energy vehicles has become a global trend, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) vehicles whose key energy storage equipment is the low-temperature insulated gas cylinders are one of the most important components. The feasibility of online health monitoring of low-temperature insulated gas cylinders for vehicles is verified in this paper and an online monitoring device for vehicle gas cylinder thermal insulation performance parameters is designed and implemented. Together with the wireless communication technology and the online monitoring device, the remote management platform for gas cylinder safety and health can be constructed. Through experiments, the static evaporation rate and holding time of low-temperature insulated gas cylinders with different filling rates and vacuum degrees were measured and the pressure boost curve before and after vacuum loss was obtained. By analyzing the experimental data, it is found that the rate of pressure rise of the cylinder is different before and after vacuum loss, so the safety condition of the cylinder can be evaluated. Compared with traditional vehicle gas cylinder inspection, it can save inspection time by monitoring the rate of pressure rise instead, which can realize the improvement of the efficiency of gas cylinder inspection and the timeliness of equipment risk warning.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122553938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on X-Ray Digital Imaging Inspection Method of Carbon Fiber Wrapped Cylinder With Aluminum Liner for Vehicle","authors":"Zhaojiang Gao, S. Chai, Qian Wang, Liang Huang, Xiang Li, G. Deng","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-83897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83897","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The fully-wrapped carbon fiber reinforced cylinders with an aluminum liner are currently the most common high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for vehicles. However, it is difficult to detect it by traditional detection methods effectively. X-ray digital radiographic inspection technology is currently a feasible way to detect the typical defects of the winding layer and aluminum liner of the fully-wrapped carbon fiber reinforced cylinders with an aluminum liner for vehicles. In order to verify the detection ability of digital radiographic inspection for the main defects of carbon fiber wound gas cylinders with aluminum liner and to provide quantitative data of the detection ability, this paper aims at the fiber layer fracture, scratches, and pores that may occur during the use and manufacture of gas cylinders. In order to simulate the above-mentioned natural defects, the images of artificial defects were taken through the optimized transillumination parameters. The test results show that the digital radiographic inspection method can detect the axial notches, circumferential notches, oblique notches with a depth of 0.2 mm on the fiber layer, and axial and circumferential notches with a depth of 0.2 mm on the liner. Furthermore, it can also detect artificial defects such as 0.5mm fiber layer flat-bottom hole and 0.2mm depth /Φ1mm aluminum liner flat-bottom hole. This proves that digital radiographic inspection can be used for the early stage of a significant failure of the fully-wrapped carbon fiber reinforced cylinders with an aluminum liner and provides strong support for its safe use.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122880827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture Mechanical Analyses of a Welding Seam of a Thick-Walled Transport Package","authors":"T. Gleim, M. Neumann, K. Linnemann, S. Komann, F. Wille","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-85535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-85535","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Transport packages shall satisfy various safety criteria regarding mechanical, thermal and radiation phenomena. Typical requirements focusing mechanical aspects are usually drop tests in accordance with IAEA regulations [1]. The drop tests are usually carried out experimentally and, as an additional measure, finite element analyses (FEA) are performed. A specific part of the investigations presented is the evaluation of the welding seam connecting cask shell and cask bottom. Experimental results and FEA are presented and compared. The evaluation of the welding seam performed includes a variety of aspects. In addition to the experimental and analytical stresses determined, different standards are used to investigate a possible crack initiation. Several destructive and non-destructive tests are performed for quality assurance in the manufacturing process as well as for different input parameters. The necessary monitoring and non-destructive measurement methods to define the boundary conditions of the standards are introduced. Taking into account all required parameters, the welding seam is examined and evaluated using the failure assessment diagrams (FAD) of the respective standards. It can be shown under the given boundary conditions that considering the experimental data, the welding seam is in the context of crack initiation below the enveloping curve in the acceptable region. More critical drop tests to be conducted are proposed and need to be investigated in future work.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129934247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization Design of Focusing Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer for Crack Detection of Pressure Structure","authors":"Zhe Wang, Z. Fan, Yuan-Da Su, Jingwei Cheng, Haibin Wang, Yangguang Bu","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84685","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 High-precision detection of crack is of great significance to ensure the safety of pressure equipment in service. Electromagnetic ultrasound has the advantages of no coupling agent, no surface pretreatment, and non-contact. However, several problems such as low energy conversion efficiency and poor sound field directivity limit the application in crack detection. This paper designs a multi-layer line-focusing electromagnetic acoustic bulk wave transducer (MLF-EMAT). A simulation model containing MLF-EMAT is established based on the Lorentz force and magnetostrictive force transduction mechanism. The influence of some transducer parameters (wire width, wire thickness, coil turns, lift-off distance) on the echo response of crack has been studied. The orthogonal experimental design method is used to optimize the controllable parameters of the transducer. When the width of the permanent magnet is equivalent to the width of the coil, the larger the number of coil layers, the larger the amplitude of the echo response of crack. An experimental platform for electromagnetic ultrasonic testing is established, and several line-focusing electromagnetic acoustic transducers with multiple parameters are prepared. The comparison results show that the optimized MLF-EMAT significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio of echo response of crack. The amplitude of echo wave is increased by about 78% compared with that before optimization, and the detection accuracy of crack notch depth is up to 0.05 mm. The MLF-EMAT proposed in this study lays the foundation for the application of crack detection or monitoring of pressure vessels and pipes under complex working conditions.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128466602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research and Development of Viscous Fluid Dampers for Improvement of Seismic Resistance of Thermal Power Plants: Part 12 Vibration Measurement of Existing Boiler Structure","authors":"K. Minagawa, K. Aida, S. Fujita","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84633","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Thermal power generation is a very important power source until renewable energy or carbon-free energy become widespread.\u0000 Japan is one of the most earthquake-prone countries in the world, and coal-fired power plants have been damaged by major earthquakes. For example, strong earthquakes such as the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, the Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake in 2018 and the earthquake off the coast of Fukushima in 2021 caused coal-fired power plants to shut down for long periods of time, and these had a significant impact on society. Therefore, it is important to improve the seismic safety of existing coal-fired power plants in earthquake-prone countries such as Japan.\u0000 The authors have proposed an application of visco-elastic dampers to a boiler structure in a coal-fired power plant to improve seismic performance. In our past papers, development of the damper, manufacturing and various experimental tests of prototypes were carried out, then the application of the damper was effective to reduce the base shear force of a support structure of the boiler, and the dampers had a long lifetime for continuous deformation.\u0000 In order to effectively apply these dampers to a boiler structure, it is important to construct an analysis model of the boiler structure for suitable distribution of dampers. Thus observations of actual seismic response of the boiler structure to build an accurate analysis model are required. Therefore, this paper deals with a long-term vibration measurement of seismic response of an actual coal-fired thermal power plant in Japan. The long-term vibration measurement will also effective for early detections of damage due to aging or earthquakes. A system of the vibration measurement and an example of the measurement results will be reported in this paper.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125729278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expertise in Materials Application Prevents Failures in Pressurized Components","authors":"Ana Benz, M. Bell","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84099","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pressure components are designed to prevent failures; their fabrication has detailed mechanical and manufacturing requirements. However, unforeseen contaminants, installation conditions, residual stresses, field heat treatments, and other unexpected circumstances often determine service life.\u0000 While a corrosion allowance aids when managing uniform corrosion losses, this is not the case for pitting, damage within crevices, stress corrosion, and high temperature-related cracks. To manage these losses, service experience and meticulous inspections, among others, are needed. This paper illustrates failures due to damage in localized areas. Practices needed to prevent these failures are emphasized.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131194122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root Cause Failure Investigation of MSCV Drain Failures","authors":"Peter Jackson, Alexandria Wholey, Eric Tsai, Darby Burns","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84282","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Main Steam Stop and Control Valves (MSCVs) are safety critical components in modern steam power plants including large, combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plants. Repeated failures of the after seat drain piping at a dissimilar metal weld have occurred at one large CCGT that is regulated by the ISO in AGC and therefore experiences few startups.\u0000 This paper describes the results from a comprehensive evaluation of contributors to the repeated failures in one of two MSCV including: pipe stress analysis of the drain pipe layout, vibration testing of the MSCV and drain piping system using accelerometers and motion amplified video (MAV) technology and other inspections of the large bore pipe hanger system adjacent to the valves.\u0000 Forensic investigations by a metallographic laboratory were conducted which provide important conclusions about the root cause of the drain weld failures, material condition and heat treatment procedures. Additional calculations of transient thermal stress were also conducted in accordance with the guidance that is available in ASME Code Section III NB-3650 to address additional stress that is present due to transient temperature conditions at the failed DMW weld where a substantial geometric discontinuity is present between the drain pipe and the downstream forged block valve.\u0000 Results from plant operating data archives were used to establish process conditions during plant startup and indexing the measured vibration characteristics when the MSCV drains opened and closed. Field NDT (PMI, UT thickness testing) and hardness testing was used to confirm the material in the drain lines components which have not experienced failures.\u0000 Recommendations were developed from this program that identify the principal cause of the high level of vibration in the affected MSCV, the benefits of modifications to the drain system pipe materials, dimension and layout and the improvement of oversight of heat treatment of future repairs.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115483533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Predictive Evaluation Method of Load Acting on Roof in Nonlinear Sloshing of Cylindrical Tank","authors":"S. Ikesue, H. Morita, H. Ishii, H. Sago, Shinobu Yokoi, Tomohiko Yamamoto","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-82752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-82752","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Sloshing is a motion of free liquid surface in a tank, which is caused by strong seismic waves with long period components. Sloshing with large amplitude causes damage to the tank roof.\u0000 In our previous study, a method was proposed to evaluate vertical load acting on a roof of cylindrical tank due to collision of sloshing liquid surface. The method is a combination of the pressure model based on Wagner’s model and the simplified nonlinear sloshing model that calculates liquid surface shape and velocity. But, the method tends to underestimate the vertical load when roof height is high and overestimate when it is low.\u0000 In this study, a new method is proposed to evaluate vertical load acting on a roof of cylindrical tank. This proposed method is constructed by a new pressure model, a new nonlinear sloshing liquid surface model, and a new local liquid surface wave model. Its pressure model is developed by applying the pressure model of two-dimensional flat plate surface to the circumferential wetted region of the roof. Its nonlinear sloshing liquid surface model is developed by adding higher order radial modes of liquid surface shape. Its local liquid surface wave model is developed by considering a nonlinear local liquid surface behavior induced by roof collision.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115033339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}