Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division最新文献

{"title":"Safety Advantages of Full-Containment Storage Tanks and the Cost-Effective Implementation for Refrigerated LPG Storage Systems","authors":"Amin A. Fayez, Samuel N. Morris, Hani A. Alsubaikhy, Ali J. Refai","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-85433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-85433","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Saudi Aramco has been a major player in the LPG (Propane and Butane) market since the 1960s and the company continues to be the source of benchmark pricing in the industry. A variety of refrigerated storage tank concepts have been developed to support international export of LPG products. Currently the industry has shifted to the use of safer full containment tank systems which have the capability to contain liquid and vapor release. Economic implementation of new tank systems has the potential of improving safety at company facilities. The benefit of the full containment storage tank is attractive given that the industry is focused on safety and environmental protection. However, the implementation of this technology is challenging due to the cost. Establishing selection criteria is important for economic implementation of any tank type. The paper explores the key design aspects of each type of tank arrangement based on risk assessment, project requirements and economic factors. The paper provides a case study of a current Saudi Aramco project being planned for new installation of LPG storage tanks at a size of one million barrels for both propane and butane services. The risk assessment examined the compliance, business interruption, environmental impact and other factors related to tank containment failures. The risk assessment and technoeconomic study demonstrates that the double steel full containment design is preferred over the prestressed concrete outer container with steel inner container. The double wall steel full containment tank system has been successfully deployed in facilities at sites around the world including at Marcus Hook, PA in the United Sates and Salalah in Oman. Single containment storage tank is not recommended for large scale of LPG storage or when tank is situated with other nearby facilities. Moreover, single containment type requires more plot area due to external diking requirements compared with double wall and full containment storage designs. Optimization of tank type selection may result in reduction of 6 to 8 months in project schedule and savings to the project of up to 70% of the storage tank installation cost. A risk assessment on different storage tanks designs reveals that the double steel wall full containment design is optimal from a cost and schedule prospective.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126329128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inelastic Response Evaluation Method of Equipment Considering Peak Broadening of Response Spectrum","authors":"I. Tamura, Takuma Iwamoto, Yusuke Minakawa, N. Maruyama, Masaki Tsuruki","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-83745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83745","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In order to evaluate seismic responses considering the elasto-plastic properties of equipment and piping systems, nonlinear time history analyses are utilized. When the analyses are used for seismic evaluation of equipment and piping systems in nuclear power plants, it is required to consider the uncertainty in the frequencies owing to uncertainties in the material properties of the structure and soil. The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code of ASME indicates that the analysis using floor motions with different time intervals, where the time intervals are modified corresponding to the response spectrum broadening, is applicable. However, nonlinear time history analysis of inelastic models is relatively time-consuming compared to linear analysis, and conducting several analysis cases indicated in the Code might increase the burden of analytical work. Therefore, simplified method is desirable to consider the uncertainty in time history analysis.\u0000 In this paper, a simplified method using inelastic response spectrum is developed to consider the uncertainty in time history analysis. The applicability of the developed method is investigated by comparing the results of parametric survey with those of the developed method.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115712526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Fragility Assessment of Steel Industrial Storage Tanks","authors":"Giammaria Gabbianelli, D. Perrone, E. Brunesi, R. Monteiro","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84961","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Storage tanks represent one of the most critical components in industrial facilities and building plants, when considering the occurrence of seismic events. The release of dangerous materials, due to their collapse, can be a safety issue in terms of both human life and environmental impact. This paper carries out a seismic performance assessment of a liquid-storage tank installed in an industrial steel moment-resisting frame building. The seismic performance is gauged in terms of fragility curves, which are provided for different limit states affecting the liquid-storage tank. Nonlinear dynamic analyses are performed using two different modelling approaches: the first explicitly accounts for the tank-structure interaction; the other considers the tank as only modelled as a seismic mass. The results discuss the importance of the modelling assumptions to estimate the seismic demand on liquid-storage tanks and corresponding fragility models for different intensity measures. Absolute acceleration floor response spectra are also analysed in detail, concerning the demand characerization. Finally, the study indicates that the intensity measure adopted for secondary components (i.e. peak floor acceleration) is not necessarily optimal threfeore future developments should produce updated fragility curves for non-structural elements, using better performing intensity measures.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115453829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simplified Elastic-Plastic Analysis Method for Piping Systems Based on Linear Time History Analysis","authors":"Yohei Ono, M. Sakai, Ryuya Shimazu, F. Inada, R. Morita, Y. Uchiyama","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-81651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-81651","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A design seismic motion for design of nuclear power plant have been increased in Japan since Tohoku earthquake in 2011. Consequently, piping systems under the design seismic motion are possibly deformed plastically. Elastic-plastic FEA (Finite Element Analysis) can evaluate elastic-plastic behavior accurately. However, it takes time and cost. In this research the simplified elastic-plastic analysis method has developed. This simplified elastic-plastic analysis method can calculate an equivalent stress and stress components with considering elastic-plastic deformation based on the energy rate density equilibrium which are calculated from linear time history analysis results. Ramberg-Osgood law is defined as true stress-true strain relationship, and the hardening law is isotropic hardening. In order to validate the applicability of the simplified elastic-plastic analysis method to piping systems under seismic motion, linear and non-linear time history analyses were performed for two type of piping systems by using FEA software Abaqus2021, and simplified elastic-plastic analysis method was applied to linear time history analysis results. One of the piping systems consisted of one elbow pipe, two straight pipes and one weight. Nine sinusoidal accelerations with different frequencies were applied to this simple model in in-plane direction. The equivalent stresses at the integration point where the maximum equivalent plastic strain occur in non-linear time history analysis were compared between the simplified elastic-plastic analysis and non-linear time history analysis. At any frequency simplified elastic-plastic analysis method could predict the equivalent stresses calculated by non-linear time history FEA accurately. Another piping system simulated actual piping systems in a nuclear power plant, which include the Tee pipe and several piping supports other than elbow pipes, straight pipes and weights. The random frequency acceleration waves were applied to this model in three direction at the same time. This piping systems took into account the self-eight and the internal pressure. The equivalent stresses and stress components were compared between the simplified elastic-plastic analysis and non-linear time history analysis. As the results, the stresses calculated by the simplified elastic-plastic analysis had good agreement with the results calculated by non-linear time history analysis. Therefore, the applicability of simplified elastic-plastic analysis method to the piping systems was validated.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130680785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Large Scale Shaking Table","authors":"C. Minowa, Izumi Nakamura, O. Furuya","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84472","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The large-scale shaking table in Tsukuba owned by National Research Center for Disaster Prevention, which was completed in 1970 after the 1964 Niigata Earthquake, will be closed in 2022. The table has an area of 15m × 15m and a exciting force of 360tons. The table was called as first large-scale shaking table. In 1970, the table was completed as one direction shaking table horizontal or vertical switching with stroke 60mm. In every year, several experiments were conducted. In 1988, the shaking table performance was improved. After Kobe Earthquake Damage, many shaking tables of high performance have been constructed. And it became clear that the seismic records exceeded 10m and 3m/s. Considering this situation, it must be said that the performance of the Tsukuba shaking table, which has been 50 years since its completion, has become difficult to meet the demands of the times.\u0000 In this paper, it will be described the process of determining the construction specifications for the Tsukuba Shaking Table and the results of the main experiments conducted over 50 years, and this is the final word.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124220353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Fragility Functions Derivation for Steel Storage Legged Tanks","authors":"Giammaria Gabbianelli, D. Perrone, R. Nascimbene, F. Paolacci","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84416","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The major earthquakes that occurred worldwide in the last decades highlighted the seismic vulnerability of industrial structures and their components. Beyond the need to avoid human losses, the damages experienced by industrial facilities, both in terms of structural, non-structural and plant elements, significantly affected the economy of such areas. On the one hand, often the damages of non-structural components and their contents immediately lead to significant monetary loss. On the other hand, the leakage of toxic contents or the disruption of mechanical equipment can conduct to down-time of industrial plants. Following the 2012 Emilia earthquake in Italy, one of the most damaged components in industrial facilities, among others, was the steel storage legged tank.\u0000 This research aims to investigate the seismic vulnerability of such elements by defining suitable fragility functions, also useful for future loss estimation studies. Several engineering demand parameters (EDPs) were selected in order to line up the damages observed in the aftermath of earthquakes. To draw general conclusions, several legged tanks were selected and analyzed. A suitable record selection has been performed, for which the average spectral acceleration (AvgSa) was selected as intensity measure (IM). Once adequate performance objectives were defined, the legged tank archetypes were analyzed by means of multiple-stripe analyses (MSA) to calculate the fragility functions and to highlight the most critical elements and tank configurations.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130256594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithm and Application of Pipeline In-Line Inspection Data Alignment","authors":"Kaiyan Cui","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the publication of GB 32167, pipeline in-line inspection has been executed comprehensively in China, which causes many problems such as mismatching, missing and misreporting of pipeline features, commanding inspection level of different providers to improve the inspection quality, data mining of multiple rounds of inspections and so on. In-line inspection data alignment can solve these problems efficiently. In this paper, a series of in-line inspection data automatic alignment experiences and rules are put forward, which can find out the error of in-line inspection data initially, realize the alignment of above-ground and underground features of pipeline, search and locate the combined defects of one inspection data, and match defects of different rounds of inspections. Thus problems such as locating pipeline defects and segments above ground, judging and analysis of different kinds of combined defects, quality verification of inspection data from different service providers, knowing the evolution of defects for pipeline, etc. can be solved. The methodology is applied to one certain product oil pipeline in China and the following results are obtained. Two ILIs data alignment rates of bends, girth wields and defects are 100%, 99.05% and 28.6%. The result shows that 2 dents intersecting the metal loss in 2016 ILI and 4 metal losses in the heat affected zone of girth weld in 2021 ILI are unreported. Reasons for low defects alignment rate are proposed. The results demonstrate problems such as misreporting and missing of combined defects, bends, girth welds and other features, as well as quality problems and logical errors existed in two rounds of ILIs data. The relevant advices were given to the pipeline enterprise finally.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121311703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inner Inspection of Butt Welds in Layered High-Pressure Hydrogen Vessels Using the Phased Array Ultrasonic Total Focusing Method","authors":"Guoyang Teng, Cun-jian Miao, Weican Guo, Yangji Tao, P. Tang, Z. Ling, Ying Jin","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-83639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83639","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Layered high-pressure hydrogen vessels have been widely used in hydrogenation stations in China. The structure of the butt weld at the head of the vessel is complicate, and it is difficult to effectively detect internal defects of the butt weld from the outside surface of the vessel due to the air-filled gap in the double-layer hemispherical head. Inner inspection conducted with the phased array ultrasonic testing method has been proved to be effective in detecting defects of the butt weld, however the inspection area is not large enough to cover the entire butt weld without moving the probe, and the signal-to-noise (SNR) of the inspection image is low. Total focusing method (TFM) performs better inspection results than conventional phased array methods. In order to verify the feasibility of TFM imaging in inspection of the butt weld, a special test block consistent with the material and structure of the head of the vessel has been customized, and the TFM inspection simulation and experiment have been carried out. The results show that the feature of defects located at the butt weld can be recognized conveniently in TFM images, and the TFM inner inspection method can be expected to be an effective means of periodic inspection of layered high-pressure hydrogen vessels.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126893584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Dry Cask Simulator With Crosswind","authors":"B. Jensen, S. Suffield, Megan E. Higley","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84090","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this study is to create a STAR-CCM+ model of the Belowground Vertical Dry Cask Simulator (BVDCS) at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and validate the model with SNL’s experimental results. The BVDCS consists of a single boiling water reactor assembly fitted with electric heaters encompassed by a containment vessel and shell to represent a belowground spent nuclear fuel (SNF) dry storage system. Blowers are located near the inlet and outlet of the BVDCS to simulate crosswind conditions. In addition to the experimental results, the STAR-CCM+ model developed for this study is compared with a previous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in a different software program, which is used as a software-to-software benchmark. The experimental results provide a dataset to compare the STAR-CCM+ model results for a variety of different conditions. The main objective is to validate and improve STAR-CCM+ CFD models for spent nuclear fuel storage systems with explicitly modeled external environments and “wind driven” crossflows. These CFD models aid in the study of external particle deposition in spent nuclear fuel storage systems, which is important to predicting the significance of chloride induced stress corrosion cracking (CISCC). In addition to experimental comparison, a sensitivity analysis is performed using the STAR-CCM+ model. The sensitivity analysis provides a quantitative assessment of the sensitivity of various parameters. This helps provide information on various parameters that are of particular importance to constructing a model representative of real life systems. The STAR-CCM+ model compared well to the experimental results showing similar responses to changes in crosswind flow, and however several parameters are identified for model improvement.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126080392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally Assisted Fatigue Screening Process Application","authors":"Jia Li, Laurent De Baglion","doi":"10.1115/pvp2022-84194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84194","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the frame of extension of nuclear plant operation life or new nuclear reactor construction, environmentally assisted fatigue (EAF) assessment is required by many regulators to be considered for pressure boundary components. The methodology of EAF assessment, through EAF cumulative usage factor (CUFen) calculations, has been integrated in RPP n°3 (Rule in Probationary Phase) of French RCC-M code [2]. This methodology is applicable to sentinel locations of Class 1 components made of austenitic SS that have been identified in advance.\u0000 In order to minimize final number of sentinel locations for considering EAF effects, EAF screening methods are presented in EPRI report [3], which allow to rank the CUFen values and give a list of sentinel locations that assume to cover other locations within each thermal zone. In particular, the EDF Screening method based on RCC-M code using Fenintegrated concept has been integrated in revision 1 of EPRI report.\u0000 The EDF Screening method [5] was built for the fourth ten-year visit of the 900 MWe plants, for which stress reports were updated and contain detailed information of fatigue analyses. It is not applicable for locations without an explicit fatigue analysis or without any pair loads information. In this paper, a new screening method is proposed based on Fenintegrated concept and RCC-M code for austenitic SS Class 1 components and piping. Environmental fatigue factor (Fen) is estimated by a simple process for each location. The CUFen is determined using Fen and Fenintegrated. For locations without an explicit cumulative usage factor (CUF) calculation, transient combinations will be estimated according to the analytical method described in B3600 of RCC-M for piping. Finally, the sentinel locations identified will be compared to those selected in EPRI report.","PeriodicalId":111167,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Operations, Applications, and Components; Seismic Engineering; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis (NDPD) Division","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126558603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}