Current topics in microbiology and immunology最新文献_第8页

Gastric Carcinoma. 胃癌。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_303

Young-Sik Kim

{"title":"Gastric Carcinoma.","authors":"Young-Sik Kim","doi":"10.1007/82_2025_303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2025_303","url":null,"abstract":"Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancers (EBVaGCs) account for about 10% of gastric cancers globally, with higher prevalence in East Asia and Latin America. These cancers develop through a \"gastritis-infection-cancer sequence\" and are characterized by unique molecular signatures, including CpG island methylator phenotype and mutations in ARID1A and PIK3CA genes. EBVaGCs typically present in the proximal stomach with diffuse-type histology and dense lymphocytic infiltration. Key viral proteins EBNA1 and LMP2A drive oncogenesis by altering cellular processes and immune responses. The IFN-γ signature and extensive epigenetic modifications contribute to their distinct profile. Despite often presenting at advanced stages, EBVaGCs generally have a more favorable prognosis. EBV employs sophisticated strategies to evade immune detection, utilizing latent proteins and noncoding RNAs. Paradoxically, despite an immune-hot environment, EBVaGCs demonstrate effective immune evasion, partly due to the expression of immune checkpoint molecules like PD-L1 and LAG3. Treatment approaches vary based on disease stage, from endoscopic resection for early-stage cancers to systemic therapies for advanced cases. Immunotherapy, particularly PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, shows promising results. Emerging research suggests combining these with LAG3 inhibitors may enhance efficacy. Ongoing research and advanced genomic techniques continue to reveal new insights, paving the way for personalized therapies and novel diagnostic approaches.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of EBV in the Pathogenesis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. EBV在弥漫性大b细胞淋巴瘤发病中的作用。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_296

Niklas Gebauer, Sophia S Wang

引用次数: 0

EBV: The Viral Genome. EBV：病毒基因组

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_298

Paul J Farrell

引用次数: 0

EBNA1.

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_299

Lori Frappier

引用次数: 0

Innate Immune Recognition of EBV. EBV的先天免疫识别。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_297

Jessica Stewart, Blossom Damania

引用次数: 0

Viral Entry. 病毒进入。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_300

Samantha Hardy, Crystal B Chhan, Amelia R Davis, Andrew T McGuire

引用次数: 0

HemoClear: A Practical and Cost-Effective Alternative to Conventional Convalescent Plasma Retrieval Methods. HemoClear：传统瘳血浆提取方法的实用而经济的替代方法。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2024_276

Arno Nierich, Rosita Bihariesingh, Rakesh Bansie

引用次数: 0

Using Passive Antibody Therapies in the Next Pandemic. 在下一次大流行中使用被动抗体疗法。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2024_283

Nigel Paneth, Michael J Joyner, Arturo Casadevall

{"title":"Using Passive Antibody Therapies in the Next Pandemic.","authors":"Nigel Paneth, Michael J Joyner, Arturo Casadevall","doi":"10.1007/82_2024_283","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2024_283","url":null,"abstract":"The twenty-first century has witnessed seven human viral pandemics. Approximately once every three to four years over the past quarter-century, the world has experienced a new viral epidemic that expanded well beyond its original national borders to become a pandemic. The probability that another pandemic caused by a previously unknown agent will occur in the near future is thus very high and public health agencies must prioritize mechanisms for detecting their first signals. At the onset of these recent pandemics, no specific therapeutic agent was available for any of the newly emergent pathogens. However, convalescent plasma therapy can be available as soon as there are survivors and is likely to be effective if used early and in sufficient strength. But for the three forms of passive antibody-convalescent plasma, monoclonal antibodies, and hyperimmune globulins-to be available and effective in a pandemic situation, careful strategic planning will be necessary. In the pre-pandemic period, we must reinforce the capacities of blood banks and plasma fractionating companies in the production and storage of their products; ensure that outpatient settings can provide intravenous products; educate providers in the proper use of plasma; and create a research infrastructure to examine the effectiveness of passive antibody products. Once a pandemic is underway, regulatory bodies should simplify the approval of research and emergency use protocols and develop treatment registries. Incentives for the rapid production of monoclonal antibodies and hyperimmune globulins will likely be required. A national resource to link providers with passive antibody products and national databases to monitor pandemic progress and pandemic treatment will permit the most effective allocation of pandemic-fighting resources. We cannot afford to wait until the next pandemic is upon us to respond. The time to strengthen clinical, research, and manufacturing infrastructure to permit us to be ready to confront the next new virulent pathogen is now.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"259-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Safety Profile of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma. COVID-19恢复期血浆的安全性

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2024_282

Michael J Joyner, Rickey E Carter, R Scott Wright, Jonathon W Senefeld

{"title":"The Safety Profile of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma.","authors":"Michael J Joyner, Rickey E Carter, R Scott Wright, Jonathon W Senefeld","doi":"10.1007/82_2024_282","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2024_282","url":null,"abstract":"Despite concerns about potential side effects, based both on historical experience with plasma products and more recent concerns about contemporary use of plasma, COVID-19 convalescent plasma has been shown to be a very safe product. Research early in the COVID-19 pandemic documented-among the very large population of convalescent plasma recipients in the US Convalescent Plasma Study component of the FDA-authorized Expanded Access Program-that the overall risk profile was no different than that seen for fresh frozen plasma, a product used routinely in medical practice. The safety of CCP was further demonstrated using real-world evidence, pragmatic trials, and formal randomized trials. The rates of all serious adverse events were very low, an especially impressive finding in light of the fact that nearly all safety data came from the use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in patients who were hospitalized, were older, and/or had significant co-morbid cardiopulmonary and metabolic disorders. The well-known complications of blood and plasma transfusions-transfusion-associated circulatory overload and transfusion-related acute lung injury-were found with no higher incidence than with standard use of blood and plasma, nor was there evidence for antibody-dependent enhancement or increased incidence of thromboembolic events. The comprehensive safety profile derived from studies enrolling hundreds of thousands of recipients of COVID-19 convalescent plasma across the world should allay safety fears about the rapid deployment of convalescent plasma in future pandemics.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Logic and History of Passive Immunity and Antibody Therapies. 被动免疫和抗体疗法的逻辑与历史。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2024_267

Arturo Casadevall, Nigel Paneth

{"title":"The Logic and History of Passive Immunity and Antibody Therapies.","authors":"Arturo Casadevall, Nigel Paneth","doi":"10.1007/82_2024_267","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2024_267","url":null,"abstract":"This volume takes a broad overview of antibody-based therapies prior to and during the COVID pandemic and examines their potential use in future pandemics. Passive antibody therapy was the first effective antimicrobial treatment and its development in the early twentieth century helped catalyze immunological and microbiological research. During the era of serum therapy (1890-1940) antibody-based therapies were developed against both viral and bacterial diseases. Effective treatment required an understanding of how to quantify antibodies, how to develop serotype-specific sera and recognition of the need to treat early in disease. Thus, although the era of serum therapy essentially ended with the development of small molecule antimicrobial therapy in the 1940s, antibody-based therapies led to important new scientific understanding, while remaining in use for some toxin and venom-caused diseases and in the prevention of outbreaks of viral hepatitis. A renewed interest in antibody-based therapies was seen in the widespread deployment of convalescent plasma and monoclonal antibodies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Convalescent plasma will likely be the first specific therapy during outbreaks with new pathogens for which there is no other therapy. For all forms of antibody-based therapies, effectiveness relies on the key principles of antibody therapy, namely, treatment early in disease with preparations containing sufficient antibody specific to the microbe in question.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0