Current topics in microbiology and immunology最新文献_第9页

Ecology of Lassa Virus. 拉沙病毒的生态学。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2020_231

Allison R Smither, Antoinette R Bell-Kareem

引用次数: 7

50 Years of Lassa Fever Research. 拉沙热研究50年。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2020_214

Robert F Garry

引用次数: 3

Viral Fitness Landscapes Based on Self-organizing Maps. 基于自组织地图的病毒适应度景观。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-15640-3_2

M Soledad Delgado, Cecilio López-Galíndez, Federico Moran

{"title":"Viral Fitness Landscapes Based on Self-organizing Maps.","authors":"M Soledad Delgado, Cecilio López-Galíndez, Federico Moran","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-15640-3_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15640-3_2","url":null,"abstract":"The creation of fitness maps from viral populations especially in the case of RNA viruses, with high mutation rates producing quasispecies, is complex since the mutant spectrum is in a very high-dimensional space. In this work, a new approach is presented using a class of neural networks, Self-Organized Maps (SOM), to represent realistic fitness landscapes in two RNA viruses: Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). This methodology has proven to be very effective in the classification of viral quasispecies, using as criterium the mutant sequences in the population. With HIV-1, the fitness landscapes are constructed by representing the experimentally determined fitness on the sequence map. This approach permitted the depiction of the evolutionary paths of the variants subjected to processes of fitness loss and gain in cell culture. In the case of HCV, the efficiency was measured as a function of the frequency of each haplotype in the population by ultra-deep sequencing. The fitness landscapes obtained provided information on the efficiency of each variant in the quasispecies environment, that is, in relation to the entire spectrum of mutants. With the SOM maps, it is possible to determine the evolutionary dynamics of the different haplotypes.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":"439 ","pages":"95-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10474581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Immune Responses to Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccines. 对水痘-带状疱疹病毒疫苗的免疫反应

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2021_245

Myron J Levin, Adriana Weinberg

引用次数: 4

Varicella-Zoster Virus-Genetics, Molecular Evolution and Recombination. 水痘带状疱疹病毒的遗传、分子进化和重组。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2021_238

Daniel P Depledge, Judith Breuer

引用次数: 2

Manipulation of Host Cell Death Pathways by Herpes Simplex Virus. 单纯疱疹病毒对宿主细胞死亡途径的操纵

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2020_196

Sudan He, Jiahuai Han

{"title":"Manipulation of Host Cell Death Pathways by Herpes Simplex Virus.","authors":"Sudan He, Jiahuai Han","doi":"10.1007/82_2020_196","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2020_196","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and HSV-2 are ubiquitous human pathogens that infect keratinized epithelial surfaces and establish lifelong latent infection in sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system. HSV-1 causes oral cold sores, and HSV-2 causes genital lesions characterized by recurrence at the site of the initial infection. In multicellular organisms, cell death plays a pivotal role in host defense by eliminating pathogen-infected cells. Apoptosis and necrosis are readily distinguished types of cell death. Apoptosis, the main form of programmed cell death, depends on the activity of certain caspases, a family of cysteine proteases. Necroptosis, a regulated form of necrosis that is unleashed when caspase activity is compromised, requires the activation of receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinase 3 (RIPK3) through its interaction with other RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM)-containing proteins such as RIPK1. To ensure lifelong infection in the host, HSV carries out sophisticated molecular strategies to evade host cell death responses during viral infection. HSV-1 is a well-characterized pathogen that encodes potent viral inhibitors that modulate both caspase activation in the apoptosis pathway and RIPK3 activation in the necroptosis pathway in a dramatic, species-specific fashion. The viral UL39-encoded viral protein ICP6, the large subunit of the virus-encoded ribonucleotide reductase, functions as a suppressor of both caspase-8 and RHIM-dependent RIPK3 activities in the natural human host. In contrast, ICP6 RHIM-mediated recruitment of RIPK3 in the nonnatural mouse host drives the direct activation of necroptosis. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of the knowledge on molecular interactions between HSV-1 viral proteins and host cell death pathways and highlights how HSV-1 manipulates cell death signals for the benefit of viral propagation.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"85-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/82_2020_196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37645514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Common Features Between Stroke Following Varicella in Children and Stroke Following Herpes Zoster in Adults : Varicella-Zoster Virus in Trigeminal Ganglion. 儿童水痘后中风与成人带状疱疹后中风的共同特征：三叉神经节中的水痘-带状疱疹病毒。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2021_236

Charles Grose, Amir Shaban, Heather J Fullerton

{"title":"Common Features Between Stroke Following Varicella in Children and Stroke Following Herpes Zoster in Adults : Varicella-Zoster Virus in Trigeminal Ganglion.","authors":"Charles Grose, Amir Shaban, Heather J Fullerton","doi":"10.1007/82_2021_236","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2021_236","url":null,"abstract":"The cerebral arteries are innervated by afferent fibers from the trigeminal ganglia. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) frequently resides in the trigeminal ganglion. Reports of arterial ischemic stroke due to VZV cerebral vasculopathy in adults after herpes zoster have been described for decades. Reports of arterial ischemic stroke due to post-varicella cerebral arteriopathy in children have also been described for decades. One rationale for this review has been post-licensure studies that have shown an apparent protective effect from stroke in both adults who have received live zoster vaccine and children who have received live varicella vaccine. In this review, we define common features between stroke following varicella in children and stroke following herpes zoster in adults. The trigeminal ganglion and to a lesser extent the superior cervical ganglion are central to the stroke pathogenesis pathway because afferent fibers from these two ganglia provide the circuitry by which the virus can travel to the anterior and posterior circulations of the brain. Based on studies in pseudorabies virus (PRV) models, it is likely that VZV is carried to the cerebral arteries on a kinesin motor via gE, gI and the homolog of PRV US9. The gE product is an essential VZV protein.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"247-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39158090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulation of Apoptosis and Cell Death Pathways by Varicella-Zoster Virus. 水痘-带状疱疹病毒对细胞凋亡和细胞死亡途径的调控。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2022-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/82_2021_249

M. Steain, B. Slobedman, A. Abendroth

引用次数: 0

Humanized Severe Combined Immunodeficient (SCID) Mouse Models for Varicella-Zoster Virus Pathogenesis. 水痘带状疱疹病毒发病机制的人源化严重联合免疫缺陷（SCID）小鼠模型。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.1007/82_2022_255

M. Lloyd, J. Moffat

引用次数: 0

Clinical Development of mRNA Vaccines: Challenges and Opportunities. mRNA疫苗的临床发展:挑战与机遇

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2022_259

Allison August, Luis Brito, Robert Paris, Tal Zaks

{"title":"Clinical Development of mRNA Vaccines: Challenges and Opportunities.","authors":"Allison August, Luis Brito, Robert Paris, Tal Zaks","doi":"10.1007/82_2022_259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2022_259","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of safe and effective mRNA platform-based COVID-19 vaccines from the recent pandemic has changed the face of vaccine development. Compared with conventional technologies used historically, mRNA-based vaccines offer a rapid flexible and robust approach to preventing disease caused by transient viral strains such as SAR2-CoV-2 variants of concern and seasonal influenza. Adaptations in the formulation of the mRNA delivery systems such as with lipid nanoparticle delivery (LNP) used in mRNA-1273 and BNT16b2b have enabled this technology to flourish under the urgent collective response and collaborative regulatory understanding derived from COVID-19 vaccine development. The application of mRNA-based therapeutics in other areas holds potential promise including combination vaccines that might deliver protections against multiple infectious diseases. Future studies and further advances in mRNA-based technologies will provide insight into the clinical efficacy and real-world effectiveness of vaccines as well as provisions with respect to the impact of reactogenicity profiles. Overall, the success of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines has helped unlock a platform likely to result in many more candidate vaccines entering clinical evaluation to address the unmet medical needs of other diseases including viral respiratory diseases, herpesviruses, and historically challenging vaccine targets such as HIV.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":"440 ","pages":"167-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10868067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1