Developmental biology最新文献

{"title":"PFAS compounds PFOA and Gen X are teratogenic to sea urchin embryos","authors":"Alexandra T. Lion ,&nbsp;Sophie M. Bodine ,&nbsp;Kelley R. McCutcheon ,&nbsp;Mayank Ghogale ,&nbsp;Santhan Chandragiri ,&nbsp;Deema Abayawardena ,&nbsp;Bikram D. Shrestha ,&nbsp;Abigail Descoteaux ,&nbsp;Kathryn Alvarez ,&nbsp;J'nesse A. Balkman ,&nbsp;Breelyn Cocke ,&nbsp;Athula H. Wikramanayake ,&nbsp;Jennifer Schlezinger ,&nbsp;Joyce Y. Wong ,&nbsp;Vivek N. Prakash ,&nbsp;Cynthia A. Bradham","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per-and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) are synthetic compounds used in the production of fluoropolymer coatings found in products such as non-stick pans, clothing, cosmetics, and food packaging. These highly persistent molecules are known as “forever chemicals” since they neither degrade environmentally nor break down enzymatically within biological systems. PFAS compounds readily contaminate water sources, and as a result, certain PFAS molecules have bioaccumulated in exposed species including humans. The purpose of this study was to define the effect of two PFAS molecules, the ostensibly more toxic perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and the more recent, reportedly safer chemical hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (Gen X), on the development of <em>Lytechinus variegatus</em> sea urchin embryos. We examined the effects of PFOA and Gen X on development and patterning using morphological analysis, immunostaining, HCR-FISH, and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The results show that both PFAS compounds are teratogenic to sea urchin embryos. PFOA and Gen X each function at different intervals during development and provoke distinct phenotypic and gene expression outcomes. Despite beliefs that Gen X would be a safer alternative, our findings indicate that Gen X has earlier and more severe effects on endomesoderm and dorsal-ventral axis specification, neural development and function, and pattern formation compared to PFOA. These results illustrate the dangerous teratogenic potential of environmentally accumulating PFAS like Gen X, underscoring the negative ecological implications that accompany continuing commercial and industrial use of PFAS in the absence of remediation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 139-154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring cell movement: Concepts and quantification","authors":"Alan C. Love ,&nbsp;Yoshinari Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Michael Abercrombie (1912–1979) was a pioneering cell and developmental biologist who transformed 20th century developmental biology with both the introduction of timelapse microscopy and quantitative measurements to the investigation of cell behavior and the associated articulation of the concept of contact inhibition of locomotion. We revisit three original papers from the 1950s where Abercrombie and colleagues detailed these new methods and made key discoveries about cell motility with wide application across developmental biology. Together, these papers reveal what would be a lifelong orientation to scientific inquiry that emphasized the use of discriminating experimental procedures and careful attention to detail with the latest available technology to explore basic biological questions about cellular dynamics and interactions during ontogeny. Abercrombie's distinctive orientation patterned subsequent inquiry and left a legacy that is still tightly associated with his name to this day.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 172-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic positive feedback regulation of ecdysone biosynthesis via sugar metabolism in insects","authors":"Takumi Suzuki ,&nbsp;Shi-Hong Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insects are recognized as the most diverse species in the world. They are classified into three separate groups based on their developmental characteristics: ametabola, hemimetabola, and holometabola. Holometabolous insects have attracted the attention of many developmental biologists because of their dramatic metamorphosis as a key model for studying regulatory mechanisms of development. Central to this process is ecdysone, a steroid hormone that governs insect growth and maturation. Extensive research has clarified ecdysone's structure, functions, and signaling pathways. In particular, the regulatory mechanisms of ecdysone synthesis have been a core research topic. Classical experiments, including ligation and tissue transplantation, established that the prothoracic glands are the primary site of ecdysone production and are activated by brain-derived prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH). PTTH was first purified from silkworm brains, where it was shown to stimulate ecdysone secretion from the prothoracic glands directly. Although PTTH was identified decades ago, the molecular mechanisms linking PTTH signaling to enhanced ecdysone biosynthesis remain poorly understood. Recent findings suggest that PTTH stimulates ecdysone synthesis in the prothoracic glands via sugar metabolism. Given that ecdysone levels fail to rise when trehalose metabolism—an essential blood sugar in insects—is disrupted, these findings are particularly intriguing. This opinion paper discusses how PTTH activates prothoracic glands through sugar metabolism and proposes a model for systemic, midgut-mediated positive feedback regulation of ecdysone synthesis, integrating interorgan communication to coordinate developmental transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 122-129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transitions in the proteome and phospho-proteome during Xenopus laevis development","authors":"Elizabeth Van Itallie ,&nbsp;Matthew Sonnett ,&nbsp;Marian Kalocsay ,&nbsp;Martin Wühr ,&nbsp;Leonid Peshkin ,&nbsp;Marc W. Kirschner","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vertebrate development from an egg to a complex multi-cell organism is accompanied by multiple phases of genome-scale changes in the repertoire of proteins and their post-translational modifications. While much has been learned at the RNA level, we know less about changes at the protein level. In this paper, we present a deep analysis of changes of ∼15,000 proteins and ∼11,500 phospho-sites at 11 developmental time points in <em>Xenopus laevis</em> embryos ranging from the stage VI oocyte to the juvenile tadpole. We find that the most dramatic changes to the proteome occur during the transition to functional organ systems, which occurs as the embryo becomes a tadpole. At that time, the absolute amount of non-yolk protein increases two-fold, and there is a shift in the balance of expression from proteins regulating gene expression to receptors, ligands, and proteins involved in cell-cell and cell-environment interactions. Between the early and late tadpole, the median increase for membrane and secreted proteins is substantially higher than that of nuclear proteins. To begin to appreciate changes at the post-translational level, we have measured quantitative phospho-proteomic data across the same developmental stages. In contrast to the significant protein changes that are concentrated at the end of the time series, the most significant phosphorylation changes are concentrated in the very early stages of development. A clear exception are phosphorylations of proteins involved in gene expression: these increase just after fertilization, with patterns that are highly correlated with the underlying protein changes. To facilitate the interpretation of this unique phospho-proteome data set, we created a pipeline for identifying homologous human phosphorylations from the measured Xenopus phospho-proteome. Collectively, our data reveal multiple coordinated transitions in protein and phosphorylation profiles, reflecting distinct developmental strategies and providing an extensive resource to further explore developmental biology at the proteomic and phospho-proteomic levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 155-171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thousands of students gain science research literacy and agency by conducting immersive Drosophila research projects tailored to the health interests of their communities","authors":"Dara M. Ruiz Whalen ,&nbsp;Carol B. Brandt ,&nbsp;Alana M. O'Reilly","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing science inquiry that aligns with curriculum standards is emerging as a critical path for science education. Our programming leverages developmental biology to engage students in expansive topics in life sciences that are tailored for each classroom curriculum. These curricula foster a scientific community of practice that prepares today's high school students for future STEM careers. Using developmental stages of the model organism, Drosophila melanogaster, students learn basic laboratory techniques, how to design research trials, write hypotheses, and collect and analyze data. After completing the project, student scientists engage in science communication with professional scientists, peers, and the public at an Annual Research Symposium, solidifying their membership in the scientific community. A core value of the programming is supporting classrooms to design their research to address health concerns of personal importance. This “soul science”, an authentic research approach, enables establishment of essential research competencies and prepares students to become health advocates for those they love. This article describes programs designed to increase science inquiry among high school students and their teachers and to encourage the application of experimental outcomes to cancer and disease research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 270-281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing societal issues in an upper level STEM course increases student engagement and knowledge transfer","authors":"Nicole A. Theodosiou ,&nbsp;Stacie Cassat Green ,&nbsp;Emil C. Napier","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability of students to transfer their knowledge and understanding learned from one context to a novel context is the ultimate goal of education. Creating assignments that engage students through something they care about can help create the environment where deep learning can occur. Introducing social justice issues in the STEM classroom is a powerful motivator for many of our current generation of students. Here we describe a three-step framework for incorporating reproductive rights into an upper level developmental biology course. In the framework, students first gain science content knowledge, then apply their knowledge by writing a section of a textbook chapter, and finally create an exhibit to teach a general audience about the science of human reproduction and early development through debunking myths about these concepts. Over the term, student engagement with science content increased when classroom material was connected with current issues. Engagement was sustained through the term, likely due to social learning that occurred in the weekly blog assignments. The increase in engagement also correlated with better interdisciplinary thinking by the end of the term. As the students cared about the topic of reproductive rights, they were motivated to persist through challenging project work and improve their writing and science communication skills. Connecting biology with high engagement topics outside the discipline can lead to deeper learning. This approach can be applied broadly to other societal issues within STEM courses and with varied assignments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the zebrafish anterior lateral line system is influenced by underlying cranial neural crest","authors":"Vishruth Venkataraman ,&nbsp;Noel H. McGrory ,&nbsp;Theresa J. Christiansen ,&nbsp;Joaquin Navajas Acedo ,&nbsp;Michael I. Coates ,&nbsp;Victoria E. Prince","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanosensory lateral line system of aquatic vertebrates comprises a superficial network of distributed sensory organs, the neuromasts, which are arranged over the head and trunk and innervated by lateral line nerves to allow detection of changes in water flow and pressure. While the well-studied zebrafish posterior lateral line has emerged as a powerful model to study collective cell migration, far less is known about development of the anterior lateral line, which produces the supraorbital and infraorbital lines around the eye, as well as mandibular and opercular lines over the jaw and cheek. Here we show that normal development of the zebrafish anterior lateral line system from cranial placodes is dependent on another vertebrate-specific cell type, the cranial neural crest. We find that cranial neural crest and anterior lateral lines develop in close proximity, with absence of neural crest cells leading to major disruptions in the overlying anterior lateral line system. Specifically, in the absence of neural crest neither supraorbital nor infraorbital lateral lines fully extend, such that the most anterior cranial regions remain devoid of neuromasts, while supernumerary ectopic neuromasts form in the posterior supraorbital region. Both neural crest and cranial placodes contribute neurons to the lateral line ganglia that innervate the neuromasts and in the absence of neural crest these ganglia, as well as the lateral line afferent nerves, are disrupted. Finally, we establish that as ontogeny proceeds, the most anterior supraorbital neuromasts come to lie within neural crest-derived frontal and nasal bones in the developing cranium. These are the same anterior supraorbital neuromasts that are absent or mislocated in specimens lacking neural crest cells. Together, our results establish that cranial neural crest and cranial placode derivatives function in concert over the course of ontogeny to build the complex cranial lateral line system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 102-121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A deep learning model for accurate segmentation of the Drosophila melanogaster brain from Micro-CT imaging","authors":"Jacob F. McDaniel ,&nbsp;Mike Marsh ,&nbsp;Todd Schoborg","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT) for imaging biological samples has burgeoned in the past decade, due to increased access to scanning platforms, ease of operation, and the advance of software platforms that enable accurate microstructure quantification. However, manual data analysis of Micro-CT images can be laborious and time intensive. Deep learning offers the ability to streamline this process but historically has included caveats, such as the need for a large amount of training data, which is often limited in many Micro-CT studies. Here we show that accurate 3D deep learning models can be trained using only 1–3 Micro-CT images of the adult <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> brain using pre-trained neural networks and minimal user knowledge. We further demonstrate the power of our model by showing that it can be expanded to accurately segment the brain across different tissue contrast stains, scanner models, and genotypes. Finally, we show how the model can assist in identifying morphological similarities and differences between mutants based on volumetric quantification, enabling rapid assessment of novel phenotypes. Our models are freely available and can be adapted to individual users’ needs<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric analysis of the postnatally developing marsupial lung: the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica)","authors":"Kirsten Ferner","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The postnatal lung development of the gray short-tailed opossum (<em>Monodelphis domestica</em>) was investigated to assess the morphofunctional status in this immature born marsupial. Lung volume, surface densities and surface areas, parenchymal (air spaces and septa) and non-parenchymal (airways, blood vessels, connective tissue) volume proportions were determined in Micro-CT images using morphometry. The lung of the neonate was at the canalicular stage and consisted of large terminal air spaces and a rudimentary bronchial tree. The absolute lung volume was only 0.002 cm³ with an air space surface density of 145 cm⁻¹ and a surface area of 0.301 cm². The rapid development of the lung was indicated by an increase in the septal proportion of the parenchyma around day 4. Between day 4 and 7, the lung entered the saccular stage with a reduction in septal thickness and development of a double capillary system. The subsequent saccular period was characterized by repetitive steps of septation, increasing the number of airway generations. Between day 28 and 35 the lung entered the alveolar stage, accompanied by microvascular maturation leading to single capillary septa, resulting in a marked increase in lung volume and surface area. The lung of the newborn <em>Monodelphis domestica</em> is structurally and quantitatively sufficiently developed to meet the respiratory requirements of the small neonate, however, supported by cutaneous respiration during the first postnatal days. The lung has to mature rapidly in the postnatal period to support the increasing metabolic requirements of the developing young.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 44-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aguinaldo et al. (1997) and the birth of Evo/Devo","authors":"David Weisblat","doi":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work by Aguinaldo and colleagues is foundational for the modern field of Evo-Devo in multiple respects. 1) By using DNA sequence comparisons to reconstruct animal phylogeny, they broke free of the inescapably circular logic inherent in more than 100 years’ worth of efforts in which morphological comparisons were used to build trees that were then used to interpret morphological comparisons. 2) By intentionally choosing slowly evolving sequences, they avoided the pitfalls of long branch attraction. 3) As a result, they began to unveil the previously unappreciated extent of evolutionary developmental plasticity, rejecting the Articulata Hypothesis and establishing the Ecdysozoa as a protostome superphylum including nematodes, arthropods and allied molting taxa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11070,"journal":{"name":"Developmental biology","volume":"525 ","pages":"Pages 79-82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}