{"title":"Biochemical and transcriptomic characterization of low-molecular-weight fucoidan with potential applications in oral biomaterials.","authors":"Shunya Oka, Takashi Kameda, Daisuke Torii, Takeo W Tsutsui, Shuichi Tsubura, Akane Imai","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2025-314","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2025-314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide from brown algae with potential as a marine-derived biomaterial for oral healthcare. This study compared crude fucoidan, purified fucoidan, and low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMF) to clarify the relationship between physicochemical properties and biological activity. Iodine content was quantified by mass spectrometry, collagenase inhibition against MMP-8 and MMP-13 and antioxidant capacity were evaluated using biochemical assays, and cellular responses were assessed in oral squamous carcinoma (SAS) cells and normal fibroblasts. Among the preparations, LMF showed the highest iodine content and the strongest inhibition of collagenases and reactive oxygen species. Fucoidan selectively reduced the viability of SAS cells while sparing fibroblasts. RNA sequencing revealed activation of apoptosis-related pathways and suppression of survival signaling in SAS cells, whereas fibroblasts exhibited stress-adaptive transcriptional profiles. These results indicate that LMF exerts selective cytotoxic and tissue-protective effects, supporting its application as a functional dental biomaterial.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"437-449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Papitchaya Boonpatumpong, Thanya Sitthisettapong, Piyaporn Pultanasarn, Parichart Naruphontjirakul, Anne M Young, Piyaphong Panpisut
{"title":"Monomer conversion, surface microhardness, elemental release, surface mineral precipitation, and cytotoxicity of ion-releasing resin sealant.","authors":"Papitchaya Boonpatumpong, Thanya Sitthisettapong, Piyaporn Pultanasarn, Parichart Naruphontjirakul, Anne M Young, Piyaphong Panpisut","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2025-299","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2025-299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the monomer conversion (DC), surface microhardness, elemental release, and cytotoxicity of experimental dental sealants containing monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), strontium/fluoride-bioactive glass nanoparticles (Sr/F-BAGs), and ε-polylysine. Experimental sealants with (TS1) and without additives (TS0) were compared to commercial sealants (Clinpro and BeautiSealant). DC was measured after light-curing for 40 s. Surface microhardness and elemental release in deionized water were determined after 4-week water storage. Cell viability of the extract was also examined. TS1 exhibited a DC of 82%, significantly higher than commercial materials (65-73%, p<0.05). Surface microhardness of TS1 (14.8 VHN) was comparable to commercial sealants (p>0.05). TS1 released Ca, Sr, and P ions, while commercial materials released mainly fluoride. All materials showed >70% cell viability. The experimental dental sealant demonstrated satisfactory polymerization and mechanical properties with enhanced multi-ion release, suggesting potential for improved bioactivity of the material to help prevent caries associated with restoration and sealant (CARS).</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"491-499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impacts of strontium-incorporated micro-nano structured titanium surfaces on osseointegration through mediating macrophage polarization.","authors":"Zening Wei, Wang Fei, Yu Liu, Xiao Wang","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2025-109","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2025-109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Titanium implants require surface modifications to overcome biological inertia and enhance osteointegration. Macrophage polarization is critical in regulating osteogenesis which affects inflammation and tissue repair. Strontium has been shown to enhance bone formation, and Sr<sup>2+</sup> ions have also been found to influence immune responses and inflammation, suggesting potential applications in bone repair and regeneration. Our research utilized phase-transited lysozyme (PTL) surface modification to immobilize Sr<sup>2+</sup> ions within the PTL coating, thereby obtaining two distinct morphological coatings: Sr-incorporation PTL-nanofilm (PSR-nanofilm) and Sr-incorporation PTL-coating (PSR-coating). Through a combination of in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches, this study demonstrated that PSR-coating implants with rough titanium surfaces enhance osteogenesis compared to PSR-nanofilm implants. This effect is attributed to their ability to polarize macrophages into the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype during the early stage of implantation, followed by a transition to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype at a later stage via the sustained release of Sr<sup>2+</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"530-540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148316216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improved biostability of collagen in sound and caries-affected dentin using an integrated crosslinking-remineralization treatment.","authors":"Nisar Saleha, Viviane Hass, Yong Wang","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2025-154","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2025-154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated a combined strategy using collagen crosslinking and polymer-induced liquid precursors (PILP)-based remineralization to enhance collagen biostability and resistance to collagenase degradation in sound (SD), denatured (DD), and caries-affected dentin (CAD). Ultra-thin demineralized collagen films and acid-etched dentin beams with demineralized layers (DL) were treated with 1% cranberry-extract (CR) collagen crosslinker for 30 s, followed by PILP remineralization for 1-7 days. Biostability was assessed by collagenase-induced weight loss and hydroxyproline release; structural and remineralization changes were evaluated via electron microscopes. Both CR and PILP individually improved collagen biostability, with greater effects in SD than DD. CR crosslinking was more effective than PILP alone. Notably, the combined CR-PILP approach produced the greatest enhancement in biostability. Electron microscopes confirmed that this dual treatment preserved the DL from enzymatic digestion and dramatically accelerated mineral deposition in both SD and CAD. These findings support the potential of this synergistic strategy for improving dentin restoration durability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"385-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148013716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual-functional TiO<sub>2</sub>-containing phosphate glass prepared by the liquid phase method: Ion release and photocatalysis.","authors":"Hayato Asano, Shota Shiraki, Makoto Sakurai, Fukue Nagata, Kumiko Yoshihara, Sungho Lee","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2026-084","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2026-084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the work was to prepare dual-functional TiO<sub>2</sub>-containing phosphate glasses to integrate ion-releasing ability and photocatalytic activity into a single material system. The glasses were prepared using the liquid phase method. The obtained glasses exhibited an amorphous structure and were composed of orthophosphate and pyrophosphate groups, which can therefore be classified as phosphate invert glasses. Structural analyses showed that titanium existed in both TiO<sub>4</sub> tetrahedral and TiO<sub>6</sub> octahedral coordination environments. The aging process promoted the formation of TiO<sub>6</sub>-rich phases on the glass surface. Glasses that were heat-treated at 600°C exhibited partial crystallization of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> while retaining the amorphous phosphate glass matrix. The heat-treated glass exhibited photocatalytic activity under UV irradiation, as confirmed by methylene blue degradation, while maintaining sustained ion release. Therefore, TiO<sub>2</sub>-containing phosphate glasses exhibit dual functionality, combining therapeutic ion release and photocatalytic activity. The properties of the obtained glasses may stimulate beneficial physiological responses and provide antibacterial effects, supporting their potential application as dual-functional dental biomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"508-519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Astrid Yudhit, Sondang Pintauli, Ellyza Herda, Aminah Dalimunthe
{"title":"The antibacterialactivity of Barangan (Musa acuminata Colla) peel on Streptococcus mutans: In silico and in vitro study.","authors":"Astrid Yudhit, Sondang Pintauli, Ellyza Herda, Aminah Dalimunthe","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2026-010","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2026-010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to evaluate the bacterial activity of Barangan peel against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) using in silico and in vitro methods. In silico conducted with AutoDock 4.0 evaluated ligand binding to GtfB (PDB ID: 3AIB), SwissADME, ProTox-II, and PASS online assessed pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and biological activity profiles. Antibacterial activity of Barangan peel at 10%, 20%, 35%, and 50% concentrations against S. mutans was determined using agar assays. The inhibition zones and colony count data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p≤0.05). Results showed Barangan peel phytochemical has low toxicity (Class 5-6, LD50 >2,000 mg/kg) and high biological potential for non-phenolic terpenoids (Pa=0.405). Cyclopropa stigmat steroid has the strongest affinities (-8.00 kcal/mol). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was at a 10% concentration, while the inhibition zone diameter and colony count showed significant differences (p<0.05) for all concentrations. Barangan peel phytochemicals exhibited favorable toxicity profiles and potent inhibitory activity against S. mutans.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"423-429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yulong Zhang, Tingxi Wu, Erica Dorigatti de Avila, Renate Lux, Wenyuan Shi, Benjamin M Wu
{"title":"Engineering bio-selectivity: Novel denture coatings for targeted inhibition of denture-associated pathogens.","authors":"Yulong Zhang, Tingxi Wu, Erica Dorigatti de Avila, Renate Lux, Wenyuan Shi, Benjamin M Wu","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2026-037","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2026-037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing prevalence of denture use, particularly among the elderly population, necessitates effective strategies against Candida-containing polymicrobial biofilms. This study investigated novel temporary (biocompatible hydrogel) and permanent (sealant) denture coatings designed to selectively inhibit associated pathogens. Seven biomaterials were screened using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against Candida albicans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus mutans. Coatings were applied to acrylic surfaces and evaluated for physicochemical properties and antimicrobial efficacy using biofilm models and colony-forming unit (CFU) counting. Results demonstrated that poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate / titanium dioxide (PEGDA/TiO<sub>2</sub>) and Sealant/TiO<sub>2</sub> formulations exhibited significant, selective antimicrobial activity. This efficacy is attributed to altered surface hydrophilicity and the specific mechanisms of incorporated agents. These findings underscore the potential of biocompatible, bio-selective coatings in preventing denture-associated infections. Additional research involving a broader spectrum of oral microbes is required to further validate these preventive applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"481-490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tansza Setiana Putri, Dianayu Noviani Soesianto Putri, Eddy, Abida Zhafira Inayasary, Rosalina Tjandrawinata, Dewi Liliany Margaretta, Le Thi Bang
{"title":"Fabrication of β-tricalcium phosphate/polyacrylic acid composite granules as a potential bone substitute.","authors":"Tansza Setiana Putri, Dianayu Noviani Soesianto Putri, Eddy, Abida Zhafira Inayasary, Rosalina Tjandrawinata, Dewi Liliany Margaretta, Le Thi Bang","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2025-318","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2025-318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Composite granules of β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) derived from limestone were fabricated by mixing with polyacrylic acid (PAA) for potential bone substitute applications. Samples with varying ratios were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosity analysis, and diametral tensile strength (DTS) testing. XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of βTCP, with peak intensities increasing as βTCP content increased. FTIR showed C=O stretching of -COOH and symmetric COO<sup>-</sup> vibrations, with ν<sub>s</sub>(COO<sup>-</sup>) bands appearing in composites, indicating interactions between PAA and βTCP through Ca<sup>2+</sup>-carboxylate coordination. SEM revealed a porous structure in the composite granules, with pore size increased with βTCP content. Porosity was higher in all composite granules compared to PAA granules, while DTS values improved with increasing βTCP, indicating enhanced mechanical strength. In conclusion, composite granules were successfully fabricated by mixing βTCP derived from limestone with PAA, exhibiting promising characteristics as synthetic bone substitutes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"464-469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of environmental humidity during bonding on the bond strength of self-etch adhesives.","authors":"Takaaki Sato, Maho Shiozawa, Masaomi Ikeda","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2025-275","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2025-275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various adhesive systems are available for direct resin-composite restorations. However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between environmental factors and the bond strength of universal adhesives (8th generation). This study evaluated the influence of the bonding environment on the bond strength to bovine teeth by comparing four universal adhesives with two two-step self-etch adhesives (2-SEA). Bonding was performed under simulated laboratory, rubber-dam, and intraoral conditions with temperature and relative humidity of 23°C and 50%; 30°C and 50%; and 30°C and 95%, respectively. The micro-tensile bond strengths of the adhesives were not significantly different between the rubber-dam and laboratory conditions. However, the bond strength values for three universal adhesives were significantly lower under intraoral conditions. This study suggested that high-humidity conditions, such as in the oral cavity, may affect the bonding performance of universal adhesives. However, the influence of humidity might be limited when using 2-SEA or under rubber-dam isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"405-413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abida Saleem, Hafiz Mohammad Mutee Ur Rehman, Nosheen Fatima Rana, Asmaa Ejaz Khan, Gotam DAS, Ghazala Suleman, Rania A Sharif, Tahira Saleem
{"title":"Analysis and optimization of Biodentine with cefixime-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles in terms of mechanical properties and hydrolytic degradation.","authors":"Abida Saleem, Hafiz Mohammad Mutee Ur Rehman, Nosheen Fatima Rana, Asmaa Ejaz Khan, Gotam DAS, Ghazala Suleman, Rania A Sharif, Tahira Saleem","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2025-306","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2025-306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study focuses on optimizing Biodentine by incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) loaded with the antimicrobial agent cefixime to enhance both its mechanical properties and antibacterial efficacy. ZnO NPs were synthesized using zinc acetate dihydrate and oxalic acid via the sol-gel method, and cefixime was loaded through solvent-mediated techniques. Characterization via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), and zeta potential confirmed the successful formation and stability of the nanoparticles. These drug-loaded NPs were then integrated into Biodentine for mechanical and structural evaluation. Results showed improved surface area, microhardness (Vickers), compressive strength, and reduced solubility without significantly altering the setting time. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and SEM analyses confirmed uniform nanoparticle dispersion and elemental composition, while pH remained within safe limits. The modified Biodentine demonstrated superior performance and antimicrobial potential, making it promising for long-term dental restorations. The study concludes that ZnO-cefixime nanocomposite Biodentine offers dual advantages of mechanical strength and infection control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"470-480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}