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Biomechanical analysis of axial-radial integrated functional gradient material implants in healthy and osteoporotic bones. 轴-径向一体化功能梯度材料植入健康骨质疏松骨的生物力学分析。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-222
Yanzhao Ma, Zhexuan Yang, Boshen Yu, Kun Lyu, Jian Wu, Baohua Chen, Kena Ma, Yiqun Hu, Dong Chen
{"title":"Biomechanical analysis of axial-radial integrated functional gradient material implants in healthy and osteoporotic bones.","authors":"Yanzhao Ma, Zhexuan Yang, Boshen Yu, Kun Lyu, Jian Wu, Baohua Chen, Kena Ma, Yiqun Hu, Dong Chen","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-222","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People with osteoporosis, common among middle-aged and elderly individuals, often need dental implants. Titanium implants, though generally safe, can cause problems due to their stiffness, especially in osteoporotic bone, leading to fractures. This study aims to identify gradient types that offer improved biological adaptation. This was achieved by comparing the mechanical properties of four new two-dimensional functional gradient materials (FGMs) implants to those of conventional and one-dimensional FGM implants in healthy and osteoporotic bone models. The new FGM implants, with reduced stiffness at the bottom and outer parts, kept strain on cancellous bone within safe limits, reducing fracture risk. Notably, the FGM RA L-H implant maintained strain levels within the optimal range (1,500-3,000 µɛ), promoting bone healing and remodeling. By evaluating the stresses and strains, it was concluded that the FGM RA L-H implant is well adapted to significantly reduce stresses and improve bone recovery in healthy and osteoporotic bones.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"179-189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of the structure of three-dimensional interconnected porous carbonate apatite bone grafts with spherical granules. 三维互连多孔碳酸盐磷灰石球形颗粒骨移植物的结构优化。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-325
Saki Takeda, Akira Tsuchiya, Masafumi Moriyama, Kunio Ishikawa
{"title":"Optimization of the structure of three-dimensional interconnected porous carbonate apatite bone grafts with spherical granules.","authors":"Saki Takeda, Akira Tsuchiya, Masafumi Moriyama, Kunio Ishikawa","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-325","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A block-type of three-dimensional carbonate apatite bone graft (3D-CO<sub>3</sub>Ap) is demanded for applying large bone defects. Although we fabricated the 3D-CO<sub>3</sub>Ap with high mechanical strength by fusing polymer-bound spherical precursor, the optimized condition has not yet been found. In this study, we indicated the optimized condition for 3D-CO<sub>3</sub>Ap by controlling granular packing ratio (i.e., different compression ratios of the mold volume from 100% to 140%). 3D-CO<sub>3</sub>Ap was obtained in the condition from 110% to 130%, even though the block was collapsed in 100% and complete conversion to CO<sub>3</sub>Ap was not achieved in 140%. The highest compressive strength was achieved with 130% 3D-CO<sub>3</sub>Ap because the intergranular connection area was the most enhanced. Furthermore, when reconstructing bone defects, 130% 3D-CO<sub>3</sub>Ap prevented soft tissue penetration and showed good osteoconductivity because of their controlled intergranular pore size. The 130% compression was optimal for achieving both high mechanical strength and osteoconductivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"233-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanical and structural characterization of CAD-CAM materials and enamel of deciduous and permanent teeth. CAD-CAM材料与乳牙和恒牙釉质的力学和结构特性。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-245
Kanae Wada, Sufyan Garoushi, Junichiro Wada, Tsutomu Iwamoto, Pekka K Vallittu, Lippo Lassila
{"title":"Mechanical and structural characterization of CAD-CAM materials and enamel of deciduous and permanent teeth.","authors":"Kanae Wada, Sufyan Garoushi, Junichiro Wada, Tsutomu Iwamoto, Pekka K Vallittu, Lippo Lassila","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-245","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In clinical applications, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) blocks must exhibit behavior similar to that of deciduous teeth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the material properties and suitability of CAD-CAM as deciduous teeth. Experimental fiber-reinforced CAD-CAM composites (FRC) and various CAD-CAM (lithium disilicate ceramic: IPS, hybrid ceramic: VEM, five composite resins, and PMMA) and enamels (deciduous and permanent teeth) were subjected to nanoindentation to evaluate material properties, including nanohardness and nano-reduced elastic modulus. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry was conducted in combination with SEM to evaluate the elemental and microstructural properties. FRC-fiber (2.94 GPa), VEM-ceramic (3.20 GPa), and IPS (3.63 GPa) showed no statistically significant differences compared to deciduous enamel (3.37 GPa). Various CAD-CAM materials were confirmed to exhibit sufficient nanohardness and nano-reduced elastic modulus and a strong microstructure, indicating their potential for application in the restorative treatment of full crowns of deciduous teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"146-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polymerization of resin cements by self-curing with or without adhesive treatment. 有或没有粘合剂处理的树脂水泥自固化聚合。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-127
Su Young Lee, Yasushi Shimada, Alireza Sadr, Tomoko Tabata, Takaaki Sato, Ji-Eun Byun, Seung-Hoon Han
{"title":"Polymerization of resin cements by self-curing with or without adhesive treatment.","authors":"Su Young Lee, Yasushi Shimada, Alireza Sadr, Tomoko Tabata, Takaaki Sato, Ji-Eun Byun, Seung-Hoon Han","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-127","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in degree of conversion (DC) between resin cements polymerized with an adhesive and those without an adhesive. The secondary aim was to compare interfacial gap of zirconia restoration when resin cements are self-cured. The DC of resin cement was measured without adhesive treatment continuously for 15 min and at 24 h. The DC was measured again after light-curing or self-curing adhesive treatment. For interfacial gap evaluation, inlay cavities were prepared on extracted third molars. Zirconia restorations were fabricated and cemented with the resin cement. After thermo-cycling, interfacial gap at the restoration-tooth interface was investigated using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging. The DC of resin cement with adhesive treatment differed depending on the adhesive, cement, and polymerization method (p<0.05). Interfacial gap was different depending on the adhesive and cement (p<0.05).</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"129-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring a new Portland cement-free calcium silicate cement -Part 1: Synthesis of dicalcium and tricalcium silicate. 探索一种新型无硅酸盐钙水泥——第一部分：硅酸二钙和硅酸三钙的合成。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-238
Tomomi Itoh, Kohei Shintani, Takashi Horiguchi, Norihiro Sasamoto, Katsushi Okuyama, Yukimichi Tamaki, Takeshi Suwabe, Satoshi Yokose, Satoshi Kawano
{"title":"Exploring a new Portland cement-free calcium silicate cement -Part 1: Synthesis of dicalcium and tricalcium silicate.","authors":"Tomomi Itoh, Kohei Shintani, Takashi Horiguchi, Norihiro Sasamoto, Katsushi Okuyama, Yukimichi Tamaki, Takeshi Suwabe, Satoshi Yokose, Satoshi Kawano","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-238","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mineral trioxide aggregate cement is an excellent pulp-capping material; however, its base Portland cement contains highly toxic elements and is expensive. This study aimed to explore the possibility of using calcium silicate cement without Portland cement. Synthesis was attempted via firing using calcium silicate (CS), as the base material, and calcium oxide (CA). According to the chemical reaction, they were weighed and sintered in an electric furnace at a sintering temperature of 1,300ºC based on the results of thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis. The powder composition after firing was examined by X-ray diffraction analyses. Compressive tests were performed using a universal testing machine. The sintered powders were confirmed as dicalcium silicate (CS2) and tricalcium silicate (CS3); however, some peaks were detected and their compressive strengths were lower than that of CS. These results suggest that CS2 and CS3 were successfully synthesized from a mixture of CA and CS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"140-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Methacrylic acid/Tween 80 engineered amorphous calcium phosphate as an effective bioactive reinforcing nanofillers in dental adhesive. 甲基丙烯酸/Tween 80工程无定形磷酸钙作为牙胶粘剂中有效的生物活性增强纳米填料。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-285
Siripatsorn Maimansomsuk, Paremai Teangrom, Chayada Teanchai, Chomdao Sinthuvanich, Pakorn Ruengket, Jakrada Attarataya, Khrongkhwan Akkarachaneeyakorn
{"title":"Methacrylic acid/Tween 80 engineered amorphous calcium phosphate as an effective bioactive reinforcing nanofillers in dental adhesive.","authors":"Siripatsorn Maimansomsuk, Paremai Teangrom, Chayada Teanchai, Chomdao Sinthuvanich, Pakorn Ruengket, Jakrada Attarataya, Khrongkhwan Akkarachaneeyakorn","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-285","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioactive fillers in dental adhesives are designed to release beneficial ions, such as calcium and phosphate, to help in remineralization process, and preventing secondary caries. Their incorporation also aims to improve the longevity of dental restorations. Herein, CaP nanoparticles were synthesized through a water-in-oil emulsion method using Tween80 as a surfactant and methacrylic acid (MAA). MAA officiated as a co-surfactant and reduced the size of CaP nanoparticle, including improved compatibility with the components of dental adhesive. The incorporation of 2% T80/CaP/MAA nanofillers into dental adhesive demonstrated increased efficiency, as evidenced by a higher degree of conversion (%DC) and greater micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS). More importantly, T80/CaP/MAA nanofillers were able to induce remineralization process in the dental structure, which was confirmed by EDX mapping and IR imaging. Finally, a cytotoxicity assessment of the dental adhesive containing T80/CaP/MAA showed no significant adverse effects on human fibroblast cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"190-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of PEEK surface treatment using alumina blasting or concentrated sulfuric acid etching in combination with functional monomers on shear bond strength to adhesive cement after artificial aging. 氧化铝喷砂或浓硫酸蚀刻复合功能单体表面处理对人工老化后与胶粘剂水泥剪切结合强度的影响。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-233
Maowei Zhong, Ryuhei Kanda, Susumu Tsuda, Yoshiya Hashimoto, Ruonan Zhang, Takamasa Fujii, Kosuke Kashiwagi
{"title":"Effects of PEEK surface treatment using alumina blasting or concentrated sulfuric acid etching in combination with functional monomers on shear bond strength to adhesive cement after artificial aging.","authors":"Maowei Zhong, Ryuhei Kanda, Susumu Tsuda, Yoshiya Hashimoto, Ruonan Zhang, Takamasa Fujii, Kosuke Kashiwagi","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-233","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of surface treatment methods using polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (with or without a functional monomer-containing primer following treatment with alumina blasting or concentrated sulfuric acid) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin luting material after artificial aging. The PEEK specimens were classified into five groups according to their treatment methods: untreated, alumina blasting (AB), concentrated sulfuric acid (SA), alumina blasting+primer (ABP), and concentrated SA+primer (SAP). The SBS score of each group was determined experimentally using a universal testing machine. The SBS tests revealed that the initial bond strengths of ABP and SAP were significantly higher than those of AB and SA. In addition, both SBS after 20,000 thermal cycles remained high (>15 MPa). These results suggest that the ABP and SAP groups are the best predictive methods for evaluating SBS with PEEK and resin cement.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"168-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wear behavior of crown restoration materials and bovine tooth enamel opposed by pure titanium. 纯钛对冠修复材料与牛牙釉质磨损行为的影响。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-078
Hiroki Kagoura, Rika Munakata, Masaaki Kasahara, Tomoko Someya, Masayuki Hattori
{"title":"Wear behavior of crown restoration materials and bovine tooth enamel opposed by pure titanium.","authors":"Hiroki Kagoura, Rika Munakata, Masaaki Kasahara, Tomoko Someya, Masayuki Hattori","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-078","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the wear behavior of pure titanium when opposed to six different crown restorative materials. Abrader specimens were prepared by casting pure titanium and these were paired with substrates including pure titanium, resin composite, lithium disilicate, zirconia, silver-palladium-copper (Ag-Pd-Cu) alloy, and bovine enamel. The wear volume of each abrader and substrate specimen was measured using the two-body wear test, and factors affecting wear behavior, such as microstructures and hardness, were evaluated. Results indicated that titanium-to-titanium abrasion caused significant wear in both the abrader and the substrate. In contrast, no significant wear was observed for the zirconia and Ag-Pd-Cu alloy against titanium. SEM images showed linear wear marks in most specimens other than zirconia and resin composite, microcracks in enamel, and filler fall in resin composite. A strong correlation between the wear volume and Vickers hardness was found for ceramics, resin composites, and enamel. However, due to the small slope of the approximate straight line in this correlation suggests that the wear behavior of materials when abraded by titanium is only partially influenced by the microstructure and hardness of the material.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"157-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of vacuum plasma treatment on the shear bond strength of 3D-printed resin and self-adhesive resin cement. 真空等离子体处理对3d打印树脂与自粘树脂水泥剪切粘结强度的影响。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-128
Mintae Lee, You-Jung Kang, Yeseul Park, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Jee-Hwan Kim
{"title":"Effect of vacuum plasma treatment on the shear bond strength of 3D-printed resin and self-adhesive resin cement.","authors":"Mintae Lee, You-Jung Kang, Yeseul Park, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Jee-Hwan Kim","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-128","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effect of vacuum plasma treatment on the shear bond strength (SBS) of three-dimensional (3D)-printed resin and resin cement. Specimens were categorized based on airborne-particle abrasion (APA), plasma, and bonding agent treatments. Long-term adhesive stability was examined by comparing their SBSs before and after thermocycling. The group with the bonding agent applied after plasma treatment and before thermocycling exhibited the highest SBS of 23.9±2.2 MPa. No significant SBS difference was observed among the remaining groups, except for that subjected only to plasma treatment after thermocycling. The wettability of distilled water improved in the groups treated with plasma, whereas that of the bonding agent decreased in the group treated only with APA. Surface analysis revealed a roughened surface on the plasma-treated 3D-printed resin. Therefore, vacuum-plasma treatment before thermocycling can enhance the SBS of 3D-printed resin without compromising its properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"211-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Network integrity of bulk-fill composites: Thermal stability, post-curing hardness development and acidic softening. 块体填充复合材料的网络完整性：热稳定性、固化后硬度发展和酸性软化。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Dental materials journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-247
Mohammed Aldhafyan, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, Waseem Sharaf Saeed, Rawaiz Khan, Ali Alrahlah
{"title":"Network integrity of bulk-fill composites: Thermal stability, post-curing hardness development and acidic softening.","authors":"Mohammed Aldhafyan, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, Waseem Sharaf Saeed, Rawaiz Khan, Ali Alrahlah","doi":"10.4012/dmj.2024-247","DOIUrl":"10.4012/dmj.2024-247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the thermal stability and top-to-bottom hardness ratio of six bulk-fill composites (STARK<sup>®</sup> Bulk Fill Composite, Filtek™ One Bulk Fill Restorative, SDR<sup>®</sup> Plus Bulk Fill Flowable, Tetric<sup>®</sup> N-Ceram Bulk Fill, X-tra fil, and Beautifil-Bulk Restorative) following acidic softening. Discs-shaped specimens were fabricated and photo-cured for 20 s. Vickers hardness was sequentially measured, immediately after irradiation (VH<sub>0</sub>), after 24 h of dry storage (VH<sub>dry</sub>) and after 24 h of acidic storage (VH<sub>acidic</sub>) at 37°C. Network integrity was assessed by comparing the relative hardness decrease (VH<sub>RD</sub>) after acidic softening with the initial maximum rate temperature (IRT) of mass loss. Compared to VH<sub>0</sub>, VH<sub>dry</sub> significantly increased, whereas VH<sub>acidic</sub> significantly decreased. The VH<sub>RD</sub> of top surface ranged from 16.62% for FBF to 62.84% for SDR. IRT primarily reflects resin composition and residue is a filler-based value. Relative network integrity estimated by IRT revealed a negative correlation with VH<sub>RD</sub>. Consequently, acidic erosion hardness development can be indirectly employed to assess network integrity in bulk-fill composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":11065,"journal":{"name":"Dental materials journal","volume":" ","pages":"201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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