Current Psychiatry Reports最新文献

{"title":"Involving Parents in the Management and Treatment of Youth Anxiety.","authors":"Erika S Trent, Samantha X L Tan, Jessica Szu-Chi Cheng, Eric A Storch","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01614-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-025-01614-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Childhood anxiety disorders are impairing and chronic unless addressed early. While cognitive behavioral therapy with exposures has a strong evidence base, many youth continue to experience symptoms posttreatment. Enlisting parents may help improve the management and treatment of childhood anxiety.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Parental factors that influence childhood anxiety include family accommodation, parental emotion socialization, parental overcontrol, and parental anxiety. The merits of involving parents in childhood anxiety treatment have been debated. However, when specific, empirically- and theoretically-informed mechanisms are targeted, parental involvement in treatment appears efficacious and holds promise to increase access to care. Clinicians should consider the child's presentation, treatment barriers, and family dynamics to guide decision-making. Researchers and clinicians should also be aware of stressors that parents themselves face, considering ways to help children via supporting parents with their own mental health concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mHealth Applications for Childhood Anxiety Disorders: Current Landscape, Challenges, and Future Directions.","authors":"Cigdem Sari Ozturk, Kadriye Demir","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01613-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-025-01613-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>We review the literature on mHealth applications for childhood anxiety disorders, highlighting current use, limitations, and future directions.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Although mHealth apps targeting childhood anxiety disorders have recently increased, most have not been evaluated for clinical effectiveness, data security, or quality standards. Many apps do not contain scientifically based content and do not adequately incorporate the principles of exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy. In addition, many apps have significant deficiencies in age-appropriateness, data security, privacy, cultural sensitivity, and accessibility. Limitations remain in terms of the standards for evaluating apps in pediatric populations. While interest in mHealth applications for childhood anxiety disorders is increasing, more research is needed to develop effective, safe, and age-appropriate digital interventions. Priorities include scientific grounding, privacy, equitable access, gamification, and parental involvement. Studies in this direction will increase the quality of applications and strengthen equality in access to mental health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of College Student Mental Health Emergencies.","authors":"Jennifer Baumhauer, Lindsey Y Mortenson, Emily Rion, Victor Hong","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01603-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-025-01603-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>We review the published literature on common presentations, unique challenges, existing models of care, and best practices regarding college student psychiatric emergencies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>College students who are in psychiatric crisis experience a range of responses and support. The diversity of institutions of higher education (IHEs), geography, resources, and the demographics of college students themselves means that no two psychiatric emergency responses are alike. Population health approaches to these crises are generally lacking even though the literature is clear that some students have unique and elevated risk. New models of care have emerged at some IHEs but have not yet been sufficiently evaluated. There are diverse responses and models of care for college student psychiatric emergencies. Recent guidelines reflect novel approaches to care and support.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"337-346"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECT and Delirium: Literature Review and a Pediatric Case Report.","authors":"Ayah Anani, Hannah Reynard, Neera Ghaziuddin","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01594-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-025-01594-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>There is limited information available regarding delirium that may occur during the course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in pediatric patients (< 18 years). The aim of this paper is to describe ECT-associated delirium, suspected risk factors, and screening tools that may help in its identification and management. We present a case involving a 15 y.o. African American male who developed ECT-associated delirium during the treatment of catatonia.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Three subtypes of delirium associated with ECT have been described. First, postictal delirium which occurs immediately following ECT and may last up to 1 h; second, post ECT or agitated delirium occurring upon emergence from anesthesia, and interictal delirium which is a prolonged period of disorientation following ECT or it may appear de novo separately from the postictal disorientation period. ECT-associated delirium as a side effect of ECT has been described exclusively in adults. Limited evidence in published literature suggests that predisposing factors may include catatonia, developmental disorders, cerebral vascular disease, parkinson's disease, dementia, bi-temporal electrode placement, high stimulus intensity, and/or prolonged seizures. Patients receiving ECT should be routinely screened for delirium, and if present, for worsening of catatonia with/without NMS throughout their treatment. Patients who develop delirium during ECT should be evaluated for potential underlying etiologies including contributing pharmacological strategies. Clear and consistent definitions of ECT-associated delirium are necessary to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"248-254"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposition of Two Subtypes of Patients at Risk of Suicide: Pain Hypersensitive Vs. Dissociative.","authors":"Francesca Bianco, Philippe Courtet, Emilie Olié, Jorge López-Castroman, Fabio Madeddu, Raffaella Calati","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01600-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-025-01600-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The pain-suicide relationship is one of the most debated in recent literature, but theories and clinical evidence have often reached contrasting conclusions. Through a critical overview of theoretical, meta-analytical and empirical contributions, we aimed at advancing the conversation on the pain-suicide relationship by integrating research on related concepts, specifically inflammation and dissociation, and their effects on interoceptive processes and pain perception.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Ideation-to-action theories consider increased pain tolerance a key risk factor for the transition from suicidal ideation to attempt. However, several meta-analytical findings suggest that suicidal thoughts and behaviors are associated with inflammation-induced pain sensitization. On the one hand, inflammation contributes to the development and maintenance of chronic pain conditions and mood disorders, and is associated with interoceptive hypervigilance and pain hypersensitivity. Moreover, a trait of increased pain tolerance does not seem to distinguish the individuals attempting suicide among those living with suicidal thoughts. On the other, temporary hypoalgesia is often activated by dissociative experiences. Highly dissociative individuals can indeed be exposed to frequent disintegration of interoceptive processes and transitory hyposensitivity to pain. In light of this, two different patterns of responses to stress (i.e. inflammation vs. dissociation) may characterize different kinds of patients at risk of suicide, associated with specific patterns of interoceptive functioning, pain sensitivity and possibly suicidal ideation. This proposition is partially supported by neuroimaging studies on post-traumatic stress disorder and psychodynamic perspectives on neurodevelopment, as well as alternative clustering models of suicidal behavior. Theoretical, meta-analytical and neurobiological evidence highlight two opposite directions in the pain-suicide relationship: hyper- vs. hyposensitivity. Such contrasts may be explained by the existence of two tendencies in stress-response, namely inflammation and dissociation, defining two different subtypes of patients at risk of suicide. We thus propose the existence of a hypersensitive subtype, defined by underlying neuroinflammatory processes, increased vulnerability to chronic pain and mood disorders, interoceptive hypervigilance, pain hypersensitivity and potentially more persistent suicidal ideation. We further hypothesize a dissociative subtype, characterized by greater trait dissociation, vulnerability to depersonalization and derealization, frequent disintegration of interoceptive processes, transient pain hyposensitivity and abrupt peaks in suicidal ideation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"362-373"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Defining the Faculty Role in Supporting Student Mental Health.","authors":"Erica B Riba","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01599-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-025-01599-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review of the recent literature highlights the need to better define the role of faculty in supporting student mental health in higher education institutions in the United States.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The last several decades, and especially since the COVID-19 pandemic, has seen an emphasis on college student mental health. While students are seeking knowledge, connectedness, and career options, faculty are focused on teaching, mentorship but also on how to best support student mental health. With this rise of concentration on mental health in higher education, a major question has arisen-what is the role of faculty in supporting student mental health? The literature is vast in terms of college student mental health and students' stressors and concerns. More and more literature is available regarding interventions used to identify, manage and treat students, and even studies on staff and faculty and their own mental health. Much of the data from faculty has recently been about burnout and their own mental health. There is, however, much less research and literature on either guidelines or guideposts regarding the specific roles that faculty have towards supporting student mental health. This brief paper highlights the potential opportunities and barriers and suggests model strategies for higher education leaders, administrators and faculty to better define the faculty role in supporting student mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"319-325"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Trends in the Use of Pharmacotherapy for the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Anastasia K Yocum, Balwinder Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01606-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-025-01606-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic mental health condition characterized by significant mood swings, including periods of mania or hypomania and depression. Affecting approximately 1-2% of the global population, BD is associated with impaired social functioning, decreased quality of life, and an increased risk of suicide. The disorder presents a substantial burden on healthcare systems and imposes significant economic costs due to lost productivity and the need for extensive treatment and support services. This comprehensive review synthesizes global trends in BD pharmacotherapy over the past 1 to 3 years, focusing on emerging medications, novel treatment protocols, and ongoing debates within the field. Additionally, the review explores differences in prescribing patterns across developed and developing countries, introduces the impact of pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine on treatment outcomes. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The primary purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of the global trends in the use of medications for the treatment of BD over the past 1 to 3 years. This review aims to outline the latest studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses relevant to BD pharmacotherapy, highlighting new discoveries and advancements. Furthermore, this review will address ongoing debates and controversies in the field, such as the role of antidepressants in BD treatment and the long-term use of antipsychotics, aiming to bridge knowledge gaps and guide future research directions. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies continue to reinforce the efficacy of lithium in mood stabilization and reduction of suicidal behavior, despite its declining use due to safety concerns. Mood stabilizing anticonvulsants like valproate and carbamazepine continue to be vital alternatives, each with distinct side effect profiles necessitating careful patient monitoring. The approval and increasing use of novel atypical antipsychotics, such as lurasidone (2013) and cariprazine (2015), has expanded treatment options, offering efficacy in different phases of BD with relatively favorable side effect profiles. Antidepressants remain contentious, with evidence suggesting their benefits primarily when used in combination with mood stabilizers. Emerging agents like lumateperone (Dec 2021) and esketamine show promise, while pharmacogenomic research is paving the way for more personalized treatments. The landscape of BD pharmacotherapy is marked by significant advancements and ongoing challenges. Lithium and mood stabilizing anticonvulsants remain foundational treatments, albeit with adherence challenges and side effect concerns. The advent of new atypical antipsychotics and novel agents offers promising therapeutic options, while antidepressants continue to be debated. Personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics could emerge as transformative approaches, allowing for more tailored and effective treatments. However, disparities in medication accessibility ","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"239-247"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wherefrom and Whither PD? Recent Developments and Future Possibilities in DSM-5 and ICD-11 Personality Disorder Diagnosis.","authors":"Lee Anna Clark","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01602-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-025-01602-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Provide an overview of the Alternative DSM-5 model of Personality Disorder (AMPD) and ICD-11's PD diagnostic model; review the models' assessment measures and construct validity; describe the models' current and ongoing status.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The models have many content similarities but differ significantly in that maladaptive-range traits are an AMPD requirement, but optional specifiers in ICD-11. An extensive literature using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) has yielded comprehensive reviews of its clinical utility and construct validity. Structural meta-analyses found three core facets for each of the five domains, and correlations with non-FFM measures identified 13 traits with maladaptive content not assessed by the PID-5. Joint analyses of AMPD personality-functioning measures find a clear general factor, but have raised concerns about discriminant validity among measures and with Criterion B. For both criteria, the multimethod assessment literature is sparce. Regarding ICD-11, few measures assess the required personality functioning, but one has shown promising construct validity. Multiple measures assess the optional trait specifiers, the most noteworthy of which was developed by an international group, exists in 12 languages, and assesses all six domains of the DSM-5 and ICD-11.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The status of the ongoing revision process for the AMPD is described. It seems likely-but far from guaranteed-to result in a dimensional model in the main DSM-5 section. The next step for the ICD-11 is development of a version with Research Diagnostic Criteria, but the timeline is unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"267-277"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gut Microbiome in Anxiety Disorders.","authors":"Mary I Butler, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Jolana Wagner-Skacel, Sabrina Mörkl, Gerard Clarke","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01604-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-025-01604-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>We aim to update readers on the latest evidence regarding the role of the gut microbiome in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), agoraphobia, and social anxiety disorder (SAD). This review summarises the literature on microbiome composition and function in these conditions, provides insights about causality and mechanisms and evaluates current evidence for microbiome-based interventions in anxiety disorders.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Most studies exploring the microbiome in anxiety disorders are small, cross-sectional studies. Nevertheless, some consistent findings emerge. Bacterial taxa such as Eubacterium, Coprococcus and Faecalibacterium may be depleted in GAD. Studies in PD and SAD are scarce and, to our knowledge, there have been no studies conducted in agoraphobia. Probiotics may help reduce anxiety symptoms, although the majority of studies have been in non-clinical cohorts. Large, prospective studies are required to further elucidate the role of the microbiome-gut-brain axis in anxiety disorders. Microbiome-based interventions hold promise, but randomised controlled trials in clinical populations with relevant diagnoses are now warranted and urgently required.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":"27 5","pages":"347-361"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expansion of Colleges' Legal Responsibilities Regarding Student Mental Health.","authors":"Stephanie A Rolin, Paul S Appelbaum","doi":"10.1007/s11920-025-01611-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-025-01611-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>We review recently published literature about the mental health of college students, as well as current court cases litigating colleges' liability for student mental health and safety.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>College students experienced a dramatic increase in mental health symptoms during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, with clinically significant increases in anxiety and depression. Meanwhile, in contrast to the past when colleges were mostly immune to liability for harm to students, a major shift occurred with the courts beginning to recognize colleges as having a legally defined \"special relationship\" to protect students from foreseeable harm. Recently, court cases in many states have expanded the circumstances under which colleges have a responsibility to protect students from themselves and from each other, and to foster students' mental health. The past few years have constituted a changing landscape for colleges with regard to their legal responsibilities related to student mental health. As college students experienced worsening mental health distress, recent court cases increased colleges' liability to ensure safety and create a supportive environment for students' mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}