{"title":"Continuous monitoring of biomolecular targets in vivo using DNA-based electrochemical sensors","authors":"Alejandro Chamorro-Garcia , Myriam Alfonsini , Daniele Caprioli , Claudio Parolo , Andrea Idili","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Real-time, continuous <em>in vivo</em> molecular monitoring is crucial for advancing biomedical research and clinical healthcare, yet traditional methods face significant limitations. Electrochemical DNA-based (eDNA) biosensors are emerging as a powerful and highly versatile platform to address these needs. This review highlights key advancements within the last three years in eDNA biosensors tailored for <em>in vivo</em> continuous monitoring, emphasizing strategies to overcome challenges in stability, selectivity, and reversibility. Specifically, we delve into core eDNA biosensor designs and their <em>in vivo</em> applications, such as therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmacokinetic studies, real-time tracking of disease and neurochemical biomarkers, and feedback-controlled drug delivery. Furthermore, we critically examine significant progress in developing calibration-free operational strategies and ongoing efforts to tackle challenges related to long-term stability, receptor responsiveness, and target selectivity. The continued evolution of these platforms and their integration with artificial intelligence, positions eDNA biosensors as transformative tools for future biomedical breakthroughs and precision healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101765"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In situ electrochemical pH modulation for the development of electroanalytical tools","authors":"Jérémie Gouyon, Grégoire Herzog, Alain Walcarius","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The performance of an analytical method is strongly influenced by the nature of the sample considered and its possible fluctuations in its physicochemical properties. <em>In situ</em> pH control is a means of maintaining optimum detection conditions, particularly in the case of electrochemical analyses. We highlight emerging approaches regarding <em>in situ</em> electrochemical pH modulation strategies, from water splitting to proton-pumping systems, implemented across different spatial scales. Particular emphasis is placed on designs and strategies, such as enhanced local control enabled by interdigitated electrode arrays and microdroplet platforms. We discuss miniaturized and flow-based systems, how they work in the presence of interfering agents, and the growing integration of complementary detection modes (<em>e.g.</em> optodes, electrochemical sensors, generator/collector modes). This review outlines the evolving environment of <em>in situ</em> pH control for future analytical technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101778"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xianxian Qin, Tian-Wen Jiang, Kun Jiang, Wen-Bin Cai
{"title":"Recent advances in probing the cation effects on electrocatalysis of HER and CO(2)RR by surface-sensitive spectroscopic and microscopic studies","authors":"Xianxian Qin, Tian-Wen Jiang, Kun Jiang, Wen-Bin Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cation effect plays a critical role in electrocatalytic reductions as cations tend to enrich in the electric double layer (EDL) at cathodic potentials. In this mini-review, we briefly overview the most recent advances since 2022 on applying surface spectroscopic and microscopic methods to investigate the cation effects on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and CO<sub>(2)</sub> reduction reaction (CO<sub>(2)</sub>RR) from a technique-driven perspective, and present our viewpoints for future researches of relevance, in an effort to bridge in situ interface characterizations and physical insights of the cation effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101762"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of four-dimensional impedance analysis to elucidating corrosion mechanisms in additively manufactured metals and alloys","authors":"Yoshinao Hoshi , Dasom Kim , Naoki Takata","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review describes a four-dimensional (4D) impedance analysis approach for analyzing the oxide film formation process that accompanies the dissolution of metals and alloys. In this analysis, the measured impedance was plotted on a three-dimensional (3D) complex impedance plot composed of real, imaginary, and time axes. Since the impedance plots of the same frequency in each spectrum are smoothly connected using a spline under tension function, the instantaneous impedance can be determined at an arbitrary time on the 3D complex impedance plot. In this review, the application of 4D impedance analysis to an additively manufactured aluminum alloy produced by a laser powder bed fusion process is introduced as a representative additive manufacturing technology. Additionally, the corrosion resistance mechanisms are discussed based on the impedance variation, which is attributed to dissolution and oxide film formation to generate a unique alloy structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101773"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review—Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for lithium-ion batteries: Measurement and analysis (for automotive applications)","authors":"Rico Klink , René H.E. van Doorn , André Weber","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is a reliable tool for the electrochemical analysis of various types of electrochemical cells. It is commonly applied in research and development to deconvolute and quantify different electrochemical processes limiting the cell performance and to understand ageing phenomena in the cell. Due to its performance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is increasingly considered to be used on the system level in commercial applications of electrochemical cells.</div><div>In this contribution, recent approaches to apply electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in automotive lithium-ion battery systems are reviewed. We will discuss advanced measurement, data analysis and modelling approaches that provide access to essential information of the battery’s state and show a potential to meet the requirements of automotive battery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101768"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145412537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janiennid Alicea Tirado , Gina DelMonache , Shwetha Prakash, Pratahdeep Gogoi, Xiaoli Ge, Yuguang C. Li
{"title":"Decoupling activity and selectivity in catalysis reactions with plasma electrochemical systems","authors":"Janiennid Alicea Tirado , Gina DelMonache , Shwetha Prakash, Pratahdeep Gogoi, Xiaoli Ge, Yuguang C. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical systems are considered key technologies for integrating directly with renewable energy sources. However, the development and industrial adoption of certain electrochemical systems are hindered by low efficiencies and current densities, particularly for the activation of inert chemical bonds. Plasma-electrochemical systems have emerged as a transformative approach to overcoming these challenges by decoupling the requirement for bond activation and reaction selectivity. This hybrid configuration allows plasma to drive the activation of strong chemical bonds, while the electrochemical interface controls product formation. As a result, activity and selectivity can be optimized independently, offering a significant advantage over conventional approaches. Plasma-electrochemical systems have been successfully applied in ammonia synthesis, CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, methane activation, and environmental pollutant remediation. This review discusses recent advancements in plasma-electrochemical experimental setups and key chemical mechanisms involved in various catalytic conversions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101746"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah E. Holmes, Jinyu Guo, Dean M. Miller, William A. Tarpeh
{"title":"Electrochemical reactive separations enable electrified nitrogen manufacturing and remediation","authors":"Hannah E. Holmes, Jinyu Guo, Dean M. Miller, William A. Tarpeh","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inorganic nitrogen species exhibit a wide spectrum of oxidation states and societal uses. Due to its control of oxidation states, electrochemistry is well-suited to the challenge of balancing the nitrogen cycle, which humans have drastically altered via chemical manufacturing, agriculture, and wastewater treatment. The wide variety of feedstocks that contain nitrogen species evinces a need for reactive electrochemical separations that integrate electrocatalysis to generate various species and electrochemical separations to purify them. We detail recent progress and cross-cutting insights in electrocatalysis with a focus on converting abundant reactants such as dinitrogen, ammonia, and nitrate; electrochemical separations that leverage electrochemical potential as a driving force along with various separation mechanisms (e.g., charge, volatility); and electrochemical reactive separations that leverage innovations in reactor architectures and key components. Currently, dinitrogen is reduced to ammonia, which is then oxidized to other nitrogen pathways. Electrocatalytic pathways that use reactants other than ammonia and that isolate unstable intermediates present challenging but impactful opportunities for innovation. As we consider lower-quality feedstocks that integrate environmental remediation and chemical manufacturing, selective membranes, electrodes, adsorbents, and processes will be required. For novel processes, molecular catalysts have been underutilized for treating low-grade feedstocks but can be applied in catalytic membranes or reactor architectures that extract reactants and facilitate catalysis in engineered microenvironments. Overall, opportunities abound for electrochemists and electrochemical engineers to apply their skill sets towards the critical challenge of creating circular nitrogen economies that sustain human health and environmental quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101760"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Confined electrochemistry in nanocavities: Perspective and techniques","authors":"Din Zelikovich , Pavel Savchenko , Daniel Mandler","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The understanding that chemical reactions carried out under nanoconfinement behave significantly differently than in the bulk has motivated electrochemists to study electrochemical processes in nanometer-sized volumes. Significant work has been performed in nanopores where the reactants and products enter and leave at different places. This has been primarily applied to protein and DNA sequencing. Yet, fewer studies have been devoted to studying electrochemical reactions in nanocavities where there is only a single opening. This review summarizes the growing activity in this relatively new area, which includes the approaches for making nanocavities, the ways the nanocavities are analyzed, and the present and future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101747"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent progress in low-cost methods for electrochemical sensor fabrication","authors":"Nadia Moukri, Bernardo Patella, Rosalinda Inguanta","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical sensors have become essential tools in modern technology. They are recognized for their high sensitivity, selectivity, and real-time detection ability. As technology progresses, electrochemical sensors have evolved, providing improved performance, and opening new opportunities for on-the-spot detection and analysis. Their applications extend across various fields, such as medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety. The largest application area of sensors is undoubtedly biomedical sciences, where their integration has significantly advanced diagnostics, monitoring, and treatment. This review summarizes recent progress in low-cost electrochemical sensor fabrication methods, including 3D printing, laser-induced graphene, CD/DVD recycling, and conductive inks. We highlight their performances, cost-effectiveness, and scalability, emphasizing biomedical diagnostics while also considering environmental, forensic, and industrial applications. The discussion outlines both achievements and remaining challenges, offering perspectives for future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101771"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sondes Ben-Aissa, Suryasnata Tripathy, Anthony Edward George Cass
{"title":"Implantable electrochemical biosensors: Challenges, strategies, and applications","authors":"Sondes Ben-Aissa, Suryasnata Tripathy, Anthony Edward George Cass","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applying biosensor technologies to continuous, real-time measurements in living creatures, including humans, offers an exciting range of possibilities for a better understanding of both normal physiology and disease. It also comes with a collection of technical, ethical and regulatory needs that render the transition of electrochemical biosensors from in vitro to in vivo exceptionally challenging. In this review, we address the advances in the components of implantable electrochemical biosensors. These include the integration of molecular recognition elements, materials design, supply of electrical power, fabrication of instrumentation packages and communications protocols. Significant challenges that remain include those associated with biocompatibility, sterility, device lifetime, calibration and user acceptability. Regulatory aspects whether of medical or consumer devices are essential to address and need to be an early consideration in device design, as are the use cases to which the implanted sensor will ultimately address.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101745"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}