Current oncologyPub Date : 2024-11-18DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31110538
Holly Etchegary, John King, Sevtap Savas
{"title":"Whose Responsibility Is It? Implementing Patient-Prioritized Healthcare System Change in Oncology.","authors":"Holly Etchegary, John King, Sevtap Savas","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110538","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This brief commentary describes the reflections on a fundamental question by the Public Interest Group on Cancer Research, a successful academic-community partnership focused on cancer research, education, public engagement, and advocacy in Canada's Eastern province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Our Group has achieved some success in a short time with very limited funding. It has successfully created public spaces for conversations about cancer care and priorities for research and regularly advocated for health service change prioritized by input from patients and family members. However, we remain challenged in our understanding of how to truly implement change within oncology care contexts that is informed by patients and families affected by cancer. In this short reflection, we hope to raise awareness of this important issue and question whose responsibility it is to work with patients and families and follow through on prioritized healthcare issues and services. We suggest this may be a matter of integrated knowledge translation and a better understanding of where patients and families fit in this space. We hope to encourage reflection and conversation among all relevant stakeholders about how best to implement patient-prioritized change in oncology care and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7301-7307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bouncing Beyond Adversity in Oncology: An Exploratory Study of the Association Between Professional Team Resilience at Work and Work-Related Sense of Coherence.","authors":"Dominique Tremblay, Djamal Berbiche, Mathieu Roy, Catherine Prady, Marie-José Durand, Marjolaine Landry, Sylvie Lessard","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110537","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Team resilience at work (TR@W) is an important resource for bouncing beyond adverse situations. Adopting a health-promoting salutogenic approach, this cross-sectional study explores whether oncology team resilience, which is significantly associated with work-related sense of coherence (Work-SoC), and examines the roles of team member characteristics, quality of work life, and perceived impact of COVID-19. Team members (<i>n</i> = 189) from four oncology settings in Québec (Canada) completed self-administered e-questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to identify the best-fitting model and significant relationships among study variables. The results showed a significant positive reciprocal relationship between TR@W and Work-SoC (R = 0.20) and between Work-SoC and TR@W (R = 0.39). These two variables were influenced by gender, gender roles, age, or COVID-19. The resulting model confirms our initial assumption that a higher level of TR@W is significantly associated with a more positive Work-SoC. Our findings provide new insights into subscale items perceived positively by oncology team members, such as perseverance, connectedness, and capability; and identify areas, such as self-care, within the team that may require greater attention to bounce beyond adversity. They also suggest there may be different levels (individual, team, and organizational) of resources under the health salutogenic umbrella.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7287-7300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current oncologyPub Date : 2024-11-17DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31110536
Yuxuan Cai, Ke Wu
{"title":"Exploration of the Dual Role of Dectin-1 in Tumor Development and Its Therapeutic Potential.","authors":"Yuxuan Cai, Ke Wu","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110536","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors like PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, the role of the innate immune system, especially pattern recognition receptors, in cancer development and immunity is gaining more and more attention. Dectin-1, a C-type lectin receptor primarily involved in antifungal immunity, has emerged as a significant player in cancer biology, exhibiting both pro-tumor and anti-tumor roles. This dual function largely depends on the tumor type and microenvironment. Dectin-1 can promote immune responses against tumors like melanoma and breast cancer by enhancing both innate and adaptive immunity. However, in tumors like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and colorectal cancer, Dectin-1 activation suppresses T cell immunity, facilitating tumor progression. This review explores the complex mechanisms by which Dectin-1 modulates the tumor microenvironment and discusses its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7275-7286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current oncologyPub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31110534
Anivarya Kumar, Jennifer R Owen, Nicholette T Sloat, Elizabeth Maynard, Vanessa M Hill, Christopher B Hubbard, Matthew S McKinney, Linda M Sutton, Shannon J McCall, Michael B Datto, Ashley N Moyer, Bennett A Caughey, John H Strickler, Ryne C Ramaker
{"title":"Expansion of an Academic Molecular Tumor Board to Enhance Access to Biomarker-Driven Trials and Therapies in the Rural Southeastern United States.","authors":"Anivarya Kumar, Jennifer R Owen, Nicholette T Sloat, Elizabeth Maynard, Vanessa M Hill, Christopher B Hubbard, Matthew S McKinney, Linda M Sutton, Shannon J McCall, Michael B Datto, Ashley N Moyer, Bennett A Caughey, John H Strickler, Ryne C Ramaker","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110534","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Targeting tumor-specific molecular alterations has shown significant clinical benefit. Molecular tumor boards (MTBs) connect cancer patients with personalized treatments and clinical trials. However, rural cancer centers often have limited access to MTB expertise. We established an academic-community partnership expanding our academic MTB to affiliated rural community cancer centers. We developed a centralized molecular registry of tumors (MRT) to aggregate the comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) results and facilitate multidisciplinary MTB review. Of the 151 patients included, 87 (58%) had actionable genomic biomarkers, 42 (28%) were eligible for a targeted off-label therapy, and 27 (18%) were matched to a clinical trial. Of those with a clinical trial match, only 1 of 27 (3%) was enrolled in the identified trial. One year into implementation, community oncology providers were anonymously surveyed on persistent barriers to precision treatment utilization. The primary barriers to clinical trial enrollment were the distance to the trial center (70%), lack of transportation (55%), and lack of local trials (50%). This study offers a framework to improve access to molecular expertise, but significant barriers to the equitable use of CGP and trial enrollment persist.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7244-7257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current oncologyPub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31110535
Richard LeBlanc, Stéphanie Thiant, Rafik Terra, Imran Ahmad, Jean-Sébastien Claveau, Nadia Bambace, Léa Bernard, Sandra Cohen, Jean-Sébastien Delisle, Silvy Lachance, Thomas Kiss, Denis-Claude Roy, Guy Sauvageau, Jean Roy
{"title":"A Phase II, Open-Label Study of Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone Followed by Donor Lymphocyte Infusions in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma Following Upfront Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant.","authors":"Richard LeBlanc, Stéphanie Thiant, Rafik Terra, Imran Ahmad, Jean-Sébastien Claveau, Nadia Bambace, Léa Bernard, Sandra Cohen, Jean-Sébastien Delisle, Silvy Lachance, Thomas Kiss, Denis-Claude Roy, Guy Sauvageau, Jean Roy","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110535","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To date, the only potential curative treatment for multiple myeloma (MM) remains allogeneic (allo) hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), although, most patients will eventually relapse. In relapsed patients, donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) have been reported to control disease, but the optimal strategy prior to and doses of DLIs remain unclear. With this study (NCT03413800), we aimed to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of lenalidomide and dexamethasome (Len/Dex) followed by escalating pre-determined doses of DLIs in MM patients who relapsed after allo HCT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged 18-65 years with relapsed MM following upfront tandem autologous (auto)/allo HCT were eligible. Treatment consisted of six cycles of Len/Dex followed by three standardized doses of DLIs: 5 × 10<sup>6</sup> CD3+/kg, 1 × 10<sup>7</sup>/kg and 5 × 10<sup>7</sup>/kg every 6 weeks. Bone marrow minimal measurable disease (MRD) using flow cytometry (10<sup>-5</sup>) was performed at enrolment, then every 3 months for 2 years or until disease progression, in a subset of patients. The primary endpoint was efficacy as measured by progression-free survival (PFS) at 2 years following Len/Dex/DLIs. Secondary objectives were safety including GVHD, response including MRD status and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22 patients participated in this study, including 62% with high-risk cytogenetics. With a median follow-up of 5.3 years (range: 4.1-6.1), PFS and OS were 26.5% (95% CI: 10.4-45.9%) and 69.2% (95% CI: 43.3-85.1%), respectively. Overall, the best responses achieved post-Len/Dex + DLIs were complete remission in 9.1%, very good partial response in 50%, and progressive disease in 40.9%. Among the nine patients tested for MRD, only two achieved a negative status after receiving DLIs. Six patients died, all due to disease progression. No acute GVHD was observed after DLIs. We report a very low incidence of moderate/severe chronic GVHD of 18.2% with no need for systemic immunosuppressants one year after diagnosis. No unexpected adverse events were observed. Interestingly, a positive correlation between response to Len/Dex re-induction and response to DLIs was found (<i>p</i> = 0.0032).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that Len/Dex/DLIs in second line treatment after upfront tandem auto/allo HCT in relapsed MM patients remains feasible and safe. With a potential correlation between induction chemotherapy and DLI responses, more potent induction regimens together with higher doses of DLIs should be considered in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7258-7274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current oncologyPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31110533
Jeffrey Q Cao, Brae Surgeoner, Mita Manna, Jean-François Boileau, Karen A Gelmon, Muriel Brackstone, Christine Brezden-Masley, Katarzyna J Jerzak, Ipshita Prakash, Sandeep Sehdev, Stephanie M Wong, Nathaniel Bouganim, David W Cescon, Stephen Chia, Ian S Dayes, Anil Abraham Joy, Jan-Willem Henning
{"title":"Guidance for Canadian Breast Cancer Practice: National Consensus Recommendations for Clinical Staging of Patients Newly Diagnosed with Breast Cancer.","authors":"Jeffrey Q Cao, Brae Surgeoner, Mita Manna, Jean-François Boileau, Karen A Gelmon, Muriel Brackstone, Christine Brezden-Masley, Katarzyna J Jerzak, Ipshita Prakash, Sandeep Sehdev, Stephanie M Wong, Nathaniel Bouganim, David W Cescon, Stephen Chia, Ian S Dayes, Anil Abraham Joy, Jan-Willem Henning","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110533","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accurate staging of breast cancer is fundamental for guiding treatment decisions and predicting patient outcomes. However, there can be considerable variation in routine clinical practice based on individual interpretation of guidelines and depending on the healthcare provider initially involved in working up patients newly diagnosed with breast cancer, ranging from primary care providers, triage nurses, surgeons, and/or oncologists. The optimal approach for clinical staging, particularly in asymptomatic patients presenting with intermediate-risk disease, remains a topic of dialogue among clinicians. Given this area of uncertainty, the Research Excellence, Active Leadership (REAL) Canadian Breast Cancer Alliance conducted a modified Delphi process to assess the level of agreement among Canadian expert clinicians on various staging recommendations. In total, 20 items were drafted covering staging based on biological status, the utilization of localization clips, both for the axilla during diagnosis and primary surgical site for margins and radiation therapy planning, and the use of advanced imaging for the investigation of distant metastases. Overall, the consensus threshold among all participants (i.e., ≥75% agreement) was reached in 20/20 items. Differences in clinical practice and recent findings from the literature are provided in the discussion. These consensus recommendations are meant to help standardize breast cancer staging practices in Canada, ensuring accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7226-7243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current oncologyPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31110528
Sarah O'Connell, Nathan O'Keeffe, Greg D Wells, Sarah L West
{"title":"Oncology Camp Participation and Psychosocial Health in Children Who Have Lived with Cancer-A Pilot Study.","authors":"Sarah O'Connell, Nathan O'Keeffe, Greg D Wells, Sarah L West","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110528","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with lived cancer experience encounter adversity, therefore experiences promoting psychosocial health are necessary. This pilot study determined the impact of recreational oncology camps (ROC) on resilience, hope, social support, and mental well-being in youth who have lived with cancer. Youth (6-18 years) with cancer experience enrolled in an 11-day session of ROC (Muskoka, Ontario, Canada) were invited to participate. Participants completed a survey [Children's Hope Scale (CHS), Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-R), Social Provisions Scale (SPS-5), and Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS)] on the first (T1) and last day (T2) of camp, and 3 months post-camp (T3). Repeated-measures ANOVAs evaluated differences in survey scores among time points. Ten participants (14.1 ± 2.5 years) were included in the analysis. CHS scores at T3 were lower than T1 and T2 (F = 9.388, <i>p</i> = 0.008). CYRM-R, SPS-5, and SWEMWBS scores were high but did not differ between time points. Hope decreased 3 months post-camp, suggesting a need for continued psychosocial support. Overall, the ROC environment is associated with positive psychosocial health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7165-7176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Prediction Using Multimodal Deep Learning with Prostate-Specific Antigen Restriction.","authors":"Hayato Takeda, Jun Akatsuka, Tomonari Kiriyama, Yuka Toyama, Yasushi Numata, Hiromu Morikawa, Kotaro Tsutsumi, Mami Takadate, Hiroya Hasegawa, Hikaru Mikami, Kotaro Obayashi, Yuki Endo, Takayuki Takahashi, Manabu Fukumoto, Ryuji Ohashi, Akira Shimizu, Go Kimura, Yukihiro Kondo, Yoichiro Yamamoto","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110530","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer (PCa) is a clinically heterogeneous disease. Predicting clinically significant PCa with low-intermediate prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which often includes aggressive cancers, is imperative. This study evaluated the predictive accuracy of deep learning analysis using multimodal medical data focused on clinically significant PCa in patients with PSA ≤ 20 ng/mL. Our cohort study included 178 consecutive patients who underwent ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Deep learning analyses were applied to predict clinically significant PCa. We generated receiver operating characteristic curves and calculated the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) to assess the prediction. The AUC of the integrated medical data using our multimodal deep learning approach was 0.878 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.772-0.984) in all patients without PSA restriction. Despite the reduced predictive ability of PSA when restricted to PSA ≤ 20 ng/mL (<i>n</i> = 122), the AUC was 0.862 (95% CI: 0.723-1.000), complemented by imaging data. In addition, we assessed clinical presentations and images belonging to representative false-negative and false-positive cases. Our multimodal deep learning approach assists physicians in determining treatment strategies by predicting clinically significant PCa in patients with PSA ≤ 20 ng/mL before biopsy, contributing to personalized medical workflows for PCa management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7180-7189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current oncologyPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31110529
Alberto Alvarado-Miranda, Fernando Ulises Lara-Medina, Wendy R Muñoz-Montaño, Juan W Zinser-Sierra, Paula Anel Cabrera Galeana, Cynthia Villarreal Garza, Daniel Sanchez Benitez, Jesús Alberto Limón Rodríguez, Claudia Haydee Arce Salinas, Alberto Guijosa, Oscar Arrieta
{"title":"Correction: Alvarado-Miranda et al. Capecitabine Plus Aromatase Inhibitor as First Line Therapy for Hormone Receptor Positive, HER2 Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer. <i>Curr. Oncol.</i> 2023, <i>30</i>, 6097-6110.","authors":"Alberto Alvarado-Miranda, Fernando Ulises Lara-Medina, Wendy R Muñoz-Montaño, Juan W Zinser-Sierra, Paula Anel Cabrera Galeana, Cynthia Villarreal Garza, Daniel Sanchez Benitez, Jesús Alberto Limón Rodríguez, Claudia Haydee Arce Salinas, Alberto Guijosa, Oscar Arrieta","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110529","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original publication [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7177-7179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current oncologyPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31110532
Junaid Anwar, Hafiz Muhammad Arslan, Zouina Sarfraz, Juwairiya Shuroog, Ahmed Abdelhakeem, Ali Saeed, Anwaar Saeed
{"title":"Immunotherapy Responses in Viral Hepatitis-Induced HCC: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Junaid Anwar, Hafiz Muhammad Arslan, Zouina Sarfraz, Juwairiya Shuroog, Ahmed Abdelhakeem, Ali Saeed, Anwaar Saeed","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31110532","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31110532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent liver cancer with poor prognosis, often linked to hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infections. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of immunotherapy in HCC, particularly in cases arising from viral hepatitis. <b>Methods</b>: In adherence to PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines, the immunotherapeutic outcomes comprised objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Data were analyzed from randomized controlled trials up to April 2024 using the fixed-effects models in R (V.4.3.3.) and RevMan (Cochrane). <b>Results</b>: This study included 9 trials with 5316 patients. The ORR was slightly higher in the viral group at 27.93% compared to 24.07% in the non-viral group, though this difference was not significant (<i>p</i> = 0.15). Viral HCC patients exhibited a median PFS of 7.3 months (IQR: 6.2-8.4) compared to 5.8 months (IQR: 5.48-6.13) in non-viral patients, a significant improvement (<i>p</i> = 0.005). Similarly, median OS was longer in the viral group at 16.8 months (IQR: 12.99-20.61) versus 15.2 months (IQR: 13.25-17.15) for non-viral HCC, which was also significant (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The median OS for viral HCC was 16.8 months (IQR: 14.11-19.49 months), with HBV patients experiencing slightly higher survival at 17.15 months (IQR: 14.3-20 months) compared to 16.8 months (IQR: 12.99-20.61 months) for HCV patients; this difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.89). <b>Conclusions</b>: Immunotherapy shows potential in treating HCC, with significantly better outcomes in viral HCC, particularly HBV-associated cases. The heterogeneity highlights the need for personalized treatment approaches based on the viral background of HCC patients. Further research should aim to optimize these therapies to improve survival rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 11","pages":"7204-7225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11592516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}