EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science最新文献

{"title":"THE ORIGINS OF NORTH KOREAN NUCLEAR AMBITIONS OF TRAUMATISING THE WORLD 1950-2017","authors":"Dr. Njuafac Kenedy Fonju (Ph.D)","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i4.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i4.108","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1950s, the principle  of nuclear threat  was actually applied by the capitalist  and Communist  backed by United States of America(U.S.A) and Union of the Soviet  Socialist Republic (U.S.S.R) in both Northern and Southern Korea  during the Korean War which lasted from 1950 to 1953 with the signing of  an armistice . But U.S. forces strongly inflicted waste to North Korean targets, dropping tons of bombs and napalm, which killed over 20 percent of the Korean population. Therefore, the advancement of North Korean nuclear building and testing is the result of over half a century of steadily accumulated scientific know-how and single-minded subterfuge, taking advantage of lax regulations and shady foreign partners to hoodwink the international non-proliferation regime to prepare any further aggression from whom so ever. North Korea has shown that she is dedicated to acquiring nuclear weapons, and it is very hard to stop any country that is completely dedicated. In fact, the combination of such radical military diplomatic strategies, sale of missile technologies and the export of coal and minerals have enabled North Korea to be able to finance its nuclear procurement the way it desired. North Korea is very creative in the way that it goes about sanctions evasion, and the patterns in which it goes about it vary. For example, North Korea often sends trusted nationals to China to set up front companies, often in collaboration with Chinese citizens. These companies then import equipment from Western manufacturers, who often have no way of knowing that the companies are really fronts controlled by the North Korean regime. This enable the country to be more advance in terms of manufacturing and launching of atomic bombs in Asia to frighten a lone HyperSuper power (United States of America) the rest of the World. The present article intends to sort out clearly what provoked North Korea to be aggressively building up and testing her atomic bombs spanning from 1950 to 2017. We decided to use the methodology of collecting evidence from specialized journals, magazines, websites, and other relevant sources which can be useful to tackle the main problem of the present article.  Our findings show that the phenomenon of Korean nuclear threats is link to massive terrorist practices in the Asian Continent which has been affecting nearly all other continents in the 21st Century.","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127868754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’ECONOMIE FUNEBRE ET FUNERAIRE EN PAYS BAMILEKE (OUEST CAMEROUN): FACTEUR DE NOUVELLES DYNAMIQUES SOCIALES","authors":"Beaudelaire Noel Kaze","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i4.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i4.106","url":null,"abstract":"L’intrusion des nouvelles visions, des manières de voir le monde à Travers des canons du christianisme et autres avatars tels la mondialisation et le multiculturalisme en pays bamiléké ont notoirement altéré la réalité culturelle de ces derniers. Le deuil, les funérailles et bien d’autres rites locaux ont évolués prenant tantôt des allures de discrédit, tantôt de rayonnement, relatif pour la majorité aux grandes mutations sociales d’après les indépendances surtout d’un point de vu d’actualité. Ces nouvelles manières de faire on engendrer un important flux économiques autour des pratiques funèbres et funéraires bamiléké. La question centrale ici mise en exergue est celle de savoir: comment les pratiques funèbres et funéraires constituent-elles de nouvelles opportunités économiques chez les \u0000Bamiléké de l’Ouest Cameroun? Dès lors, La méthodologie de cette analyse est sou tendu par l’exploitation documentaire ayant permis de saisir la littérature sur la question. Les enquêtes ethnologiques et anthropologiques de terrain auprès de personnes ressources ont permis la collecte des données empiriques sur les sites même de ces pratiques qui se présente comme fleuron d’une économie en plein essor chez les Bamiléké.à terme, Il s’est avéré que les cérémonies funèbres et funéraires bamiléké sont aujourd’hui des émulateurs à n’en plus douter d’une économie sans cesse croissante. Outre, cette neo-economie mortuaire s’adosse sur des échanges commerciales de natures variées  tel que les petits commerces, les trafics routiers, les prestations de services (logistiques) et autres tractations financières non moins ressente qui participent au renforcement de ce point de l’industrie mortuaire en pays bamiléké  aujourd’hui plus qu’hier. D’ailleurs, il faut dire que cette économie, non sans empiéter la forme de ces cérémonies d’antan participe de leurs revitalisations dans ces territoires pour la majorité rurales","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115807601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THEME: CAMEROUN: PASTEUR DES EGLISES CHRETIENNES, UN JOB EN OR DE 1990 A 2019","authors":"Dr. Sara Endengele Mpele","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i3.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i3.105","url":null,"abstract":"C’était au XIXème siècle que la plupart des églises chrétiennes ont vu le jour au Cameroun.Mais c’était dans les années 1990 que les églises pentecôtistes prennent leuressoravec l’évènement de la démocratie et surtout la crise économique qui entraine la dévaluation du franc CFA. Chaque fidèle était chargé d’annoncer l’évangile ou la « bonne nouvelle » en tout lieu en tout temps quelque soit sa profession et de prier sans cesse. Au départ, les membres des églises chrétiennes faisaient l’effort de la mise en pratique exacte des saintes écritures. Mais de nos jours le pastorat des églises chrétiennes est devenu un job en or pour plusieurs raisons: la crise économique qui a atteint son paroxysme avec la dévaluation du franc CFA et le taux de chômage élevé, les dons, les dîmes, la cupidité des prêtes et des pasteurs et surtout le combat anti-sorcellerie dont l’exorcisme fait partie sont des facteurs qui ont permis aux pasteurs de devenir des hommes riches financièrement et matériellement. Mais sans effort. L’emploi des Pasteurs des églises chrétiennes est une escroquerie organisée.  Ce Job en or des prophètes, des prêtes ou des Pasteurs connait des résultats positive et négative. Sur le plan positif, les Pasteurs des églises chrétiennes exhortent les foules à ne pas se soulever contre les autorités (gouvernementales, familiales, religieuses). C’est le cas des églises pentecôtistes, plusieurs personnes ont été guéries de leurs maladies et elles ont été délivrées des envoutements. Sur le plan négatif beaucoup de mariages sont brisés, certains camerounais ont perdu leur vie (ils sont morts) ayant la foi que seul Dieu guérit. Ils ont aussi perdu leurs biens (financiers et matériels) sous prétexte qu’ils auront la solution à leurs problèmeset d’autres n’ont pas reçu leur salaire mensuel (employés dans les hôpitaux, écoles…) à cause de l’escroquerie des pasteursou des prêtres. ","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130697085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INSÉCURITÉ ET BILINGUISME DANS LE SUD-OUEST CAMEROUN: ANALYSE DES INTERACTIONS NUMÉRIQUES AUTOUR D’UN CAS INÉDIT D’ENLÈVEMENT D’ÉTUDIANTS","authors":"Joseph Nguemo Kengmo, Diderot Djiala Mellie","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i2.104","url":null,"abstract":"In Cameroon, the current crisis affecting the two Anglophone regions strongly influences media and language people use to communicate. This paper focuses on the bilingual interaction amongst ASTI students in their shared WhatsApp group at a moment when one of their mates has just been kidnapped by unidentified individuals. The corpus analyzed is thus part of messages shared by those seeking solutions to the release of their mate. Our study is meant to be qualitative, using methodological tools of conversation analysis as well as the sociolinguistic theory related to language use in context. We aim to investigate the use of the two linguistic codes, especially English and French, within the body of the conversation about kidnapping. The paper begins with an overview of the usefulness of  communication in social media in the context of crisis and follows with analysis of the  alternate use of English and French by group members, and lastly, we assess how borrowing  and code-switching used by the group members accommodate with the bilingualism promoted  by the State of Cameroon. Our main conclusion is that the mixed use of English and French in the same body of conversation must in our context be regarded as a sign of cohesion, solidarity or togetherness amongst speakers.","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130693250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYMBOLISM OF FUNERALS IN THE BAMILÉKÉ PEOPLE OF CAMEROUN FACING THE CHALENGE OF GLOBALISATION","authors":"Kaze Beaudelaire Noel (Ma)","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i2.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i2.103","url":null,"abstract":"Every people have its culture at the heart of its existence and thereby presenting itself as the guardian of the later. This is the reason why the Bamiléké people through funerals promote their cultures in the whole world; hence the need to take an interest in this phenomenon. This study intends to show the place, the primary value of funeral practices in West Cameroun in contact with exogenous cultures, especially the western ones so-called modern. These cultures thereby meet themselves in the proliferation of globalization, taken as the meeting point for cultures of the whole world. We have thereby used semiological and anthropological methods to see how funerals as heritage in the Bamiléké zone do to keep their values in the context of globalization. Thus, the opening of African cultures to others is not devoid of consequences because if this cohabitation results in the spread of local cultures, the result is a progressive loss in the originality of the later, specifically the Bamiléké funerals.","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133850852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCE AT KOREAN MOUNTAIN KYERYONGSAN","authors":"Sung Jang Chung, MD, PhD","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i2.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i2.102","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamental structure of the spiritual world and consciousness of the humanity are unknown to human beings. Except for teachings of Jesus Christ, Buddha, Kim Hang and other saints of the major world religions, to my knowledge, no accepted theory is yet established. There have been countless conflicts, arguments and even prosecutions and wars in the history of mankind due to discrepancies in opinions and interpretations regarding the truth among religions and science. For the ultimate purpose of seeking the truth, the author attempted in this study to find the structure of the invisible, unknown spiritual world, and further to possibly glimpse beyond the physical world. The author had unusual and exceptional psychic and spiritual experiences since my childhood and young age. In this study, I would like to describe my experiences and to share with readers my valid valuable real experiences.   ","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115988707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FACTEURS ET IMPACTS DE LA MIGRATION DANS LES VILLAGES DE BOUROFAYE DIOLA, TRANQUILLE, TOUBACOUTA, BOUCOTTE MANCAGNE ET BOUROFAYE BAÏNOUK, DE 1890 À 2017.","authors":"Aliou Sene","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i1.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i1.101","url":null,"abstract":"Par leur position stratégique (entre Ziguinchor et la frontière Bissau guinéenne), mais aussi grâce à leur zone d’ouverture (traversée par la route nationale 4) et de refuge (existence de forêts et de cours d’eau), les villages de Boucotte mancagne, Toubacouta, Bourofaye Baïnouk et Tranquille ont toujours été une zone de carrefour, d’intenses mobilités et de brassages de populations. Grâce aux forêts denses de Djibélore ET de Bayotte, ET à la souplesse de l’organisation sociale, ces villages ont demeuré UN espace attractif. CET article décrit les déplacements des populations consécutives à la création des villages de l’agglomération de Bourofaye. L’auteur analyse dans cette étude les migrations Durant l’époque coloniale, les déplacements saisonniers, les ‘’navétanes’’, l’exode rural massif des années 1970, consécutifs aux grandes sécheresses, des mouvements liés à la guerre de libération de la Guinée Bissau ET au conflit casamançais. IL offre donc UN CAS d’étude original qui permet d’appréhender les relations entre les mouvements de populations et les échanges culturels. Ainsi, cette étude, nous permettra d’appréhender la corrélation qui existe entre migrations, brassages culturels ET transformations sociales.","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116319383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROCESSUS D’INSTALLATION ET D’APPROPRIATION DES VILLAGES DE BOUROFAYE BAÏNOUK, BOUROFAYE DIOLA, TOUBACOUTA, BOUCOTTE MANCAGNE ET TRANQUILLE","authors":"Aliou Sene","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i1.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i1.99","url":null,"abstract":"Trois phases caractérisent l’évolution des villages de Boucotte Mancagne, Tranquille, de Toubacouta ET des deux Bourofaye. IL s’agira de la phase suivant l’installation, de Celle de l’accroissement démographique ET Celle de brassages ethniques. La première phase, c'est-à-dire, la formation de ces village’s aurait débuté vers 1890. Pendant Ce premier temps, les habitants de ces villages’ furent les groupes familiaux. Ces migrations n'étaient pas de longue distance, parfois de quelques kilomètres seulement. Et l'appropriation des terres se faisait à la force des bras, soit avec la hache, and soit avec les armes. A la hache lorsque des familles s'installent nouvellement dans une zone inoccupée. Les armes intervenaient lorsqu'un village se sentait assez forte ou convoitait les terres d'un village voisin. L'acquisition des terres se faisait donc collectivement et c'est par la suite que chaque famille se taillait dans le patrimoine commun la partie qui suffisait pour son exploitation. Lors de la deuxième phase d’évolution, la population dans chaque village augmente et des mécanismes pour la paix sociale sont mis en place. Cela permet la troisième phase de se faire sans trop de difficultés: il s’agit de la phase des brassages et des rapports culturels. Ainsi, les relations économiques, culturelles et parentales remplacent les attitudes guerrières et les hostilités. Dan’s chacun des village’s devenus grandissant les rôles se définissent: les hommes s’occupent des activités les plus pénibles alors que les femme’s se spécialisent dans le repiquage du riz, le maraîchage...","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121168709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DYNAMICS OF FOOD SUPPLY POLICIES IN THE MIDDLE OF ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT","authors":"Sarhan Bdeer Phd","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i1.100","url":null,"abstract":"The long-lasting conflict between Israel and the Palestinians led to many consequences, unwanted by both sides. Both intentional and unintentional policy decisions brought about extreme security measures taken by Israel which heavily influence Israeli and Palestinian economics and welfare, especially the food market and trade. Right now, it is very hard to trade from both sides since there are too many restrictions, regulations and rules.  \u0000Public policies in the issues called controlling hurt not only the markets, but the country system itself as public policies have made a very hard criteria to match while trading, especially in the food market, and it led to major losses in welfare on both sides. Moreover, policies that are intended to deal with supply and demand are constantly in a danger zone because of the everlasting conflict, which have major impacts on economy as a whole, and particularly food markets. Examples of such disasters are the following: leaking of nuclear energy and natural disasters and significant changes in the geopolitical arena which leaves both sides uncertain about their future.","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133908172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RELATIONS INTERETHNIQUES ET AFFINITÉS CULTURELLES DANS L’AGGLOMÉRATION DE BOUROFAYE.","authors":"Aliou Sene","doi":"10.53555/eijhss.v6i1.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v6i1.98","url":null,"abstract":"      La recherche de moyens propres à leur survie, a poussé diola, manjack, baïnouk et mancagne de l’agglomération de Bourofaye, non loin de la ville de Ziguinchor, à développer ensemble, des réseaux  de relations d'échanges. Ces relations entrainent des contacts et des mobilités humaines au point qu’aucun village ou groupe ethnique de cette aggromération ne peut vivre indépendant des autres. Ces habitants vivent traditionnellement dans un terroir où règnent la soumission à un ensemble de règles et d’interdits basés sur un climat de crainte religieuse, efficace pour l’équilibre social. Dans la vie de tous les jours, Diola, Baïnouk, Manjack arrivent à développer des échanges réciproques basés  sur la confiance, la complémentarité, et le respect de l’autre. Les fêtes et rites sont des occasions d’apprendre les aspects positifs de l’autre culture. Ce qui fait aussi la richesse des échanges entre diola, baïnouk et manjack, c’est la vraie diversité de chacun et les regards honnêtes qui permettent à chaque villageois d’avoir des visions différentes mais respectueuses. Dans ce terroir, les différentes ethnies notamment diola, baïnouk, manjack, mancagne, s’écoutent, créent, échangent et débattent ensemble. Et les brassages culturels se matérialisent par des échanges d’idées, d’expériences, des savoir-faire et des influences réciproques. Le tout dans le respect et la reconnaissance. Cependant, cette cohabitation se heurte à quelques problèmes comme la divagation des animaux, accusation d’appartenir au camp des rebelles ou de l’armée et les querelles foncières. ","PeriodicalId":109852,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122740415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}