Current medicinal chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Protective Effects of Ginsenosides on Drug-induced Cardiotoxicity: A New Therapeutic Approach with Focus on Molecular Mechanisms in Cardio-oncology Field.","authors":"Parisa Adib-Hajbagheri, Mahdi Rafiyian, Shahrzad Ataee, Alireza Rafi, Tahereh Farkhondeh, Mohammad Samini, Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh, Saeed Samarghandian","doi":"10.2174/0109298673327575250331145643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673327575250331145643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Panax ginseng (PG), a staple in traditional medicine in Korea and China, holds a rich history of application for various diseases. Notably, its primary active components, ginsenosides, exhibit diverse therapeutic effects. Chemotherapy-induced side effects pose significant challenges to the treatment outcomes of cancer patients. Current strategies for managing the adverse effects of chemotherapy exhibit limited efficacy and have the potential to induce various detrimental side effects. In the realm of complications, cardiotoxicity poses a serious threat, ranking as the second major contributor to illness and death in individuals suffering cancer. It is linked to various cellular mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and aberrant myocardial energy metabolism. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments confirm that ginsenosides undeniably present non-toxic and efficacious alternatives for addressing chemotherapy-induced side effects, including cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and hematopoietic inhibition. Hence, there is a need to produce novel and potent drugs sourced from natural, non-toxic compounds to address the side effects induced by chemotherapy. The emphasis should be on the underlying mechanisms targeting mentioned cellular pathways. In this comprehensive review, we consolidate current knowledge and summarization with this aim and shed light on the future research of PG in cardio-oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-cancer Properties of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and its Signaling Pathways.","authors":"Amin Gasmi, Alain Menzel, Asma Gasmi Benahmed, Kateryna Uminska, Olha Mykhailenko, Victoriya Georgiyants, Salva Piscopo, Massimiliano Peana, Geir Bjørklund","doi":"10.2174/0109298673348926250331150429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673348926250331150429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green tea is a traditional drink found in Asian countries, made up of four derivatives. One of the derivatives is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). EGCG provides therapeutic benefits for cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. However, its poor absorption and instability limit its effectiveness, which can be improved using nanoparticle encapsulation. This work is a comprehensive review of the studies on green tea polyphenols, the impact of pro-oxidants and EGCG in cancer prevention, and their delivery using nanotechnology. Other plant sources of ellagitannin and its physicochemical properties, the therapeutic and preventive role of EGCG in breast cancer, and other cancers that can be treated using nano gold (NpAu) carriers are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"lncRNAs and circRNAs: Emerging Players in Pediatric Medulloblastoma Pathology.","authors":"Ozal Beylerli, Elmar Musaev, Tatiana Ilyasova, Albert Sufianov","doi":"10.2174/0109298673354413250325073924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673354413250325073924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medulloblastomas (MBs) are the most common malignant brain tumors in children, marked by aggressive growth, molecular heterogeneity, and a high propensity for cerebrospinal dissemination. Despite advancements in conventional treatments - surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy-substantial challenges persist, including debilitating long-term toxicities and emerging resistance to therapy. This review examines the multifaceted roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) - particularly long non-- coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) - in pediatric medulloblastoma pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic targeting. NcRNAs exert robust regulatory effects on gene expression by modulating signaling pathways, acting as miRNA sponges, and controlling the expression of oncogenic or tumor-suppressive genes. In this study, we focus on notable examples of lncRNAs (e.g., HOTAIR, TP73-AS1) and circRNAs (e.g., circ-SKA3, circ_63706) implicated in fundamental oncogenic processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and stem cell maintenance. We also discuss their subgroup-specific roles, emphasizing high-risk groups, such as Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) and Group 3 medulloblastomas. In parallel, we explore the potential of ncRNAs to serve as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers, given their tissue-specific expression, stability, and detectability in biological fluids like the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF). Finally, we review emerging therapeutic strategies, including antisense oligonucleotides, RNA sponges, and CRISPR-based editing, aimed at disrupting oncogenic ncRNA functions or reinforcing tumor-suppressive pathways. While these strategies hold promise, major hurdles include functional redundancy, optimizing in vivo delivery, and mitigating off-target effects. By detailing these challenges and outlining future research directions, this review underscores the revolutionary potential of ncRNA-focused diagnostics and therapies for managing pediatric medulloblastomas, offering new paths for improving survival outcomes and quality of life in affected children.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TGF-β: The Molecular Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis - insights into SMAD Pathways and Gene Therapy Prospects.","authors":"Klaudia Bonowicz, Dominika Jerka, Karolina Ławkowska, Jolanta Łuniewska-Bury, Irena Wrońska, Yidong Bai, Maciej Gagat","doi":"10.2174/0109298673373967250313053208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673373967250313053208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is characterized by plaque formation resulting from the accumulation of fibrous elements, lipids, and calcification in arteries, leading to complications such as ischemic stroke, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction. Traditional treatments primarily address symptoms but fail to target underlying causes, prompting exploration of novel approaches like gene therapy. The TGF-β family, encompassing TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3, plays a critical role in cellular processes including proliferation, apoptosis, and migration, with its dysregulation strongly linked to cardiovascular diseases. In atherosclerosis, TGF-β influences key factors, such as macrophage cholesterol regulation, plaque stability, and vascular smooth muscle cell function, while also contributing to endothelial dysfunction- an early stage in disease development. Personalized medicine has highlighted the importance of tailoring therapies to genetic profiles, particularly regarding TGF-β pathway variations such as SNPs in TGF-β1 and TGFBR2, which could inform more precise interventions. Emerging technologies like CRISPR-Cas9 and RNA-based therapies enable targeted modulation of these genetic factors, offering new avenues to mitigate disease progression. CRISPR-Cas9 allows direct editing of gene loci linked to atherosclerosis, potentially correcting mutations or modulating expression levels, while RNA-based therapies, including siRNAs and antisense oligonucleotides, provide additional precision tools for addressing dysregulated genes. This review focuses on identifying key genes and additional molecular players involved in or regulated by the TGF-β pathway that may serve as precise targets for gene therapy intervention in atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases. By targeting genes involved in cholesterol metabolism, inflammation, and endothelial function, gene therapy offers a targeted strategy to ameliorate the genetic drivers of these conditions. In summary, modulation of TGF-β signaling by gene therapy has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases while shedding light on the underlying genetic mechanisms of these disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ab-initio Molecular Dynamics and Density Functional Theory Study of Amodiaquine Analogues as Potential Inhibitors of β-haematin Crystallization.","authors":"Pélagie Manwal A Mekoung, Kevin A Lobb, Ibrahim N Mbouombouo","doi":"10.2174/0109298673346612250320080402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673346612250320080402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prevention of the formation of β-haematin is the target of several existing antimalarials drugs, most notably chloroquine. This target is therefore attractive for the development of new molecules with antimalarial potential.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this study, we have used a combination of ab-initio molecular dynamics and density functional tight-binding to examine the possible interaction mechanisms between five amodiaquine analogues and four conformations of haematin. Reactivity and stability of these complexes were investigated using bond length (Fe-N and Fe-O), energies (HOMO- LUMO) and molecular dynamics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed a good interaction between haem and the compounds, stable geometries of complexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings from this study are valuable because they can aid the design and understanding of new therapeutic molecules that could be used to treat drug-resistant malaria, a global threat of today.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of Chronic Pain in Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Roman Konovalov, Mina Aubakirova, Dmitriy Viderman","doi":"10.2174/0109298673334477250204072429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673334477250204072429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative illness that significantly diminishes patients' quality of life. Chronic pain remains a major contributor to exacerbating patients' well-being. This comprehensive review aims to explore the mechanisms underlying pain perception in AD as well as identify potential targets and future considerations for pain relief. AD causes structural and functional alterations in the affected brain, including shrinkage of gray matter volume and disruptions in brain network connectivity. Besides memory loss, pain is a significant yet often neglected symptom. Effective pain management in AD is challenged by the adverse effects of pain-relief medications and communication difficulties, especially as the disease progresses. Both non- and pharmacological interventions are currently used to alleviate pain in AD. Pharmacological options include opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, paracetamol/acetaminophen, and adjuvant pain relievers like antidepressants and antiepileptic medications, though these are not officially approved for pain relief in AD. Non-pharmacological strategies, such as exercise therapy, music therapy, Reiki, reflexology, and behavioral therapy, are preferred to prevent the side effects of medication. However, the use of these methods is limited due to a lack of high-quality research. The review highlights a crucial link between neurological changes in AD and the perception of pain, underscoring the need for customized pain management approaches for this population. Emphasizing non-pharmacological interventions could potentially improve pain management in AD patients, provided that further research supports their effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the Causal Relationships between Circulating Inflammatory Proteins and Sepsis Outcomes: A Mendelian Randomization Approach.","authors":"Peng Wang, Hou'an Xiao, Xiaoqian Zhou, Qian Kou","doi":"10.2174/0109298673344958250319074101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673344958250319074101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sepsis has been associated with numerous circulating proteins, yet traditional studies have struggled to clarify whether these protein biomarkers directly contribute to disease progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study aimed to explore the causal effects of 91 circulating inflammation- related proteins (CIPs) on sepsis using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. We employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as our primary analytical tool, supplemented by additional methods, such as weighted median, weighted mode, simple median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO analyses. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were carried out to rigorously assess the robustness of our findings, which substantiated the lack of significant heterogeneity and ruled out the presence of horizontal pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study identified 2 CIPs with statistically significant causal effects on sepsis: fractalkine (OR=2.383, 95% CI=1.380-4.113, p=0.002) and IL-12 (OR=0.780, 95% CI=0.610-0.997, p=0.047). These results suggested that fractalkine and IL-12 might play a contributory role in the risk of sepsis. The implications of our findings are substantial, highlighting fractalkine and IL-12 as potential therapeutic targets for sepsis prevention and treatment. The reliability of our results was further reinforced by sensitivity analyses, which demonstrated no evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study offered new insights into sepsis pathophysiology and identified potential therapeutic targets. Further studies are required to validate these findings and elucidate the precise roles of these proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of Pyrroloquinazoline-1,3-diamines as Dual-function Insecticide Candidates Targeting β-N-acetyl-D-hexosaminidase.","authors":"Xi Jiang, Zhijun Zhang, Kanglv Tang, Han Zhou, Dengtuo Wang, Huijie Xie, Yingqian Liu, Tian Liu","doi":"10.2174/0109298673359016250316122007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673359016250316122007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>β-N-acetyl-D-hexosaminidase (Hex) plays crucial roles in insect growth and development, as well as in cell proliferation and pathogen invasion in fungi. The discovery of inhibitors targeting Hexs holds great promise for the development of eco-friendly agrochemicals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Novel inhibitors of insect Hex from Ostrinia furnacalis (OfHex1) were identified through enzymatic assays. Molecular docking was employed to elucidate the binding mechanisms of the inhibitors. The biological activities of identified inhibitors were assessed in vivo and in vitro by administration of the compounds to the 3rd instar larvae of Ostrinia furnacalis and the agricultural pathogen Fusarium graminearum, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pyrroloquinazoline-1,3-diamines (PQDs) were identified as competitive inhibitors of OfHex1 at the micromolar level. Through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, PQDs were bound within the active sites of OfHex1. The most potent compound, designated as 4h, demonstrated an insecticidal efficacy of 86.7% against the 3rd instar larvae of O. furnacalis when administered at 2 mM. Additionally, 4a displayed complete inhibition of mycelium spreading at 1 mM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PQDs exhibited significant inhibitory activity against OfHex1 and demonstrated substantial insecticidal and fungicidal potency, positioning PQDs as promising candidates for the development of dual-function insecticide candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Toxicity of Free and PLGA-Encapsulated Phospholipase A2 CB: An In Vitro Approach.","authors":"Vanessa Barbosa Pinheiro Gonçalves, Gabriel Acácio de Moura, João Pedro Viana Rodrigues, Javier Martinez Latorre, Vicente Candela-Nogueira, Paula M Soriano-Teruel, Alba García-Fernández, Ramón Martínez Máñez, Marlos de Medeiros Chaves, Claudia do Ó Pessoa, Anderson Maciel de Lima, Andreimar Martins Soares, Roberto Nicolete","doi":"10.2174/0109298673274499250327053516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673274499250327053516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of bioactive molecules isolated from rattlesnake venom and other poisons has been ongoing for years. Among these bioactive compounds present in snake venom, crotoxin (CTX) stands out as a β-heterodimeric neurotoxin isolated from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus. Research on this toxin for its applicability to tumor inhibition has advanced to clinical trials in recent years. Consequently, concerns regarding the use of a toxin as a treatment and the search for dose control that does not trigger extreme toxicity have emerged. Thus, it is necessary to investigate alternatives for controlled delivery and targeted toxin administration.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro toxic action of CTX and its phospholipase A2 CB (PLA2CB) component, both free and encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles. The inhibitory concentration value of 50% tumor growth (IC50) for CTX and PLA2CB was determined in an initial screening against six tumor cell lines. After identifying the lowest inhibitory concentration value of 0.8 μM observed in human melanoma (SK-MEL-103), this cell line was chosen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cell death mechanism triggered by CTX and PLA2CB exhibited characteristics associated with the necrotic process. However, polymeric nanoparticles containing PLA2CB (NP-PLA2CB) demonstrated apoptosis-like cell death processes in flow cytometry. PLGA polymeric nanoparticles containing PLA2CB were synthesized using microfluidics, resulting in NP-PLA2CB with a diameter of 91 ± 2.9 nm and a zeta potential of -21.8 ± 3.2 mV. The encapsulation efficiency of PLA2CB was approximately 70% (protein content).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was concluded that using the phospholipase component of the toxin in a polymeric-controlled delivery and targeted system may be an alternative solution to the issues in advancing this bioactive molecule in clinical-oncological studies. However, further studies are still being conducted for targeted treatment involving this nanotechnological approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Potential Pharmacological Targets to Normalize Gene Expression in Islets of Type 2 Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Viridiana Basaldúa-Maciel, Fernando Martínez-Esquivias, Juan Manuel Guzman-Flores","doi":"10.2174/0109298673352470250312082922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673352470250312082922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease of high prevalence that is expected to continue increasing despite the pharmacological treatments available; in most cases, it is difficult to control. Therefore, more research on experimental drugs is necessary to propose better treatments.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify the molecular alterations of pancreatic islets in type 2 diabetes through multi-omics data integration and possible pharmacological targets using bioinformatics methods.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this study, the OmicsNet tool was used to integrate the multi-omics data associated with T2D, and the protein-protein interaction was visualized. Then, gene ontology and KEGG pathways analyses were carried out. Using the DrugRep server, the hub genes obtained underwent a virtual screening with experimental drugs, and twelve experimental drugs were selected to execute the molecular docking by CB-Dock2. Finally, the interactions were displayed in BIOVIA software.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Our results showed that the main molecular alterations of pancreatic islets in T2D were enzyme binding, mitochondrial metabolism, transcription factors, etc. They were involved in glucose uptake, receptor insulin signaling, and secretion. The molecular docking showed that SRC, AKT1, CREBBP, and HSP90AA1 were therapeutic targets for DB02729, DB04877, DB07970, DB07789, and DB03373.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified some alterations in the pancreas of patients with T2D, ten hub genes, and five experimental drugs that could potentially correct gene expression abnormalities. However, further studies are required to validate these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}