Current medicinal chemistry最新文献

{"title":"The Role of OTUD3 as a Novel Oncogenic Driver and Therapeutic Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Lu Lu, Qifeng Lu, Jialin Zhang, Na Zhou","doi":"10.2174/0109298673437097260305060811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673437097260305060811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant health challenge globally, characterized by its high incidence and mortality rates. The exact relationship between ovarian-tumor-domain-containing deubiquitinase 3 (OTUD3) expression and HCC remains inadequately explored, presenting a significant gap in our understanding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a comprehensive multi-omics approach, integrating expression analysis and functional validation to elucidate the biological roles of OTUD3 in HCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OTUD3 exerted tumor-promoting effects in HCC. Analysis of TCGA data revealed significant OTUD3 overexpression in HCC. OTUD3 drove HCC cell cycle progression by promoting the G1/S transition through interaction with and deubiquitination of minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 (MCM7). In vitro, OTUD3 knockdown suppressed HCC proliferation and migration. In vivo, OTUD3 promoted HCC progression in a Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced mouse model.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings establish OTUD3 as a multifunctional oncoprotein driving HCC progression primarily through tumor-intrinsic mechanisms. Its expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells also suggests a potential role in the immune microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings establish the OTUD3-MCM7 axis as a mechanistic link in HCC cell cycle dysregulation and suggest that targeting this interaction may offer a therapeutic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Healing Power of Artemisia campestris: A Breakthrough in Hypothyroidism Treatment Through In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Insights.","authors":"Inasse Cherfi, Nasma Mahboub, Salah Eddine Laouini, Bachir Khezzani, Abderrhmane Bouafia, Youcef Ben Aissa, Abir Benaissa, Saravanan Muthupandhian, Farid Menaa","doi":"10.2174/0109298673424276251211133826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673424276251211133826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigates the protective effect of orally administered Artemisia campestris leaf extract against carbimazole (CMZ)-induced hypothyroidism in albino rats, aiming to evaluate its therapeutic potential as an alternative or adjunct treatment for hypothyroidism, a global endocrine disorder characterized by low free thyroxine (FT4) and high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Aqueous A. campestris leaf extract was administered to albino rats with CMZ-induced hypothyroidism. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) identified key phytocompounds. Biochemical assays assessed in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and serum FT4 and TSH levels were measured in test (CMZ + extract) and control groups (untreated, CMZ, CMZ + Levothyroxine (LT4)). Histological studies examined thyroid tissue changes. Molecular Docking Simulation (MDS) and ADMET analysis evaluated phytocompound interactions with thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and their in-silico efficacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A. campestris exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Key phytocompounds (β-Sitosterol, Arteannuin B, 2,3-Butanediol) showed high binding affinity with TPO and favorable ADMET profiles, with 2,3-Butanediol indicating a novel role in thyroid hormone modulation. After 60 days, the test group showed marked recovery of thyroid function, with TSH reduced (approximately) 73% from 5.2 ± 0.6 ng/mL (CMZ group) to 1.4 ± 0.2 ng/mL and FT4 increased (approximately) 39% from 0.44 ± 0.05 ng/dL to 1.12 ± 0.08 ng/dL, comparable to the LT4 group.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study demonstrates that A. campestris phytocompounds effectively counteract CMZ-induced hypothyroidism, likely due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and thyroid hormone-modulating properties. The high TPO binding affinity and favorable ADMET profiles suggest potential for drug development, with 2,3-Butanediol as a novel therapeutic candidate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A. campestris leaf extract offers significant therapeutic potential as an alternative or adjunct therapy for hypothyroidism, fully reversing CMZ-induced effects in rats, comparable to standard LT4 treatment, highlighting its promise for further exploration in endocrine disorder management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Prognostic Model Based on SCISSOR+ Osteoblastic Osteosarcoma Cell-Associated Genes.","authors":"Haiyan Xu, Yuanyuan Gao","doi":"10.2174/0109298673505942260724072221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673505942260724072221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to establish a relevant risk model to improve the prognostic prediction for patients with osteosarcoma (OS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bulk RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq data were integrated to perform functional enrichment analysis, cell-cell communication analysis, and prognostic modeling. Using the SCISSOR algorithm, a Riskscore model was developed based on prognostic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with SCISSOR+ osteoblastic OS cells and subsequently its prognostic performance was evaluated. In addition, the associations of the Riskscore with immune infiltration and predicted drug response were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The single-cell landscape exhibited a relatively high proportion of osteoblastic OS cells, which were further divided into six main cell clusters (C1-C6) with distinct pathway enrichment patterns. A higher proportion of SCISSOR+ osteoblastic OS cells in C1 and C4 was observed, with OS patients with a high score of SCISSOR+ cells showing worse survival. Cell-cell communication analysis demonstrated that SCISSOR+ cells communicated with other cells through the predicted MIF-(CD74+CXCR4) interaction, whereas other cells communicated with SCISSOR+ cells through the predicted PPIA- BSG interaction. A Riskscore model incorporating SCISSOR+ osteoblastic OS cell-associated prognostic genes was developed and stratified patients into distinct prognostic groups in retrospective cohorts. High-risk patients showed lower stromal, immune, and ESTIMATE scores, whereas multiple immune cell signatures were enriched in the lowrisk group. The Riskscore was negatively correlated with the predicted IC50 values of several candidate drugs.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Based on the GSE162454 dataset, this study identified heterogeneous osteoblastic OS cell subclusters and developed a six-gene Riskscore model associated with SCISSOR+ osteoblastic OS cells, and retrospectively analyzed the associations of the Riskscore with the prognosis, immune infiltration, and predicted drug-response profiles in OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present findings preliminarily demonstrated the relationship between SCISSOR+ osteoblastic OS cell-associated prognostic genes and the prognosis of OS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Models for Mortality Prediction in Burn Patients: Performance, Reliability, and Clinical Translation.","authors":"Fangfang Xu, Tong Wang, Siyao Huang, Meiyun Yang, Xinrui Kong, Peng Wang, Chiyu Jia","doi":"10.2174/0109298673472430260723093938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673472430260723093938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite advances in contemporary burn care, the discriminative performance and clinical applicability of traditional prognostic scoring systems may be increasingly limited. Machine learning models have been applied to predict burn mortality; however, their overall predictive performance and methodological quality have not been systematically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Discriminative performance was assessed using the C-statistic. Pooled C-statistics and corresponding 95% credible intervals for machine learning models were estimated within a Bayesian framework. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed according to model type, including random forest, support vector machine, and logistic regression, as well as the degree of class imbalance. Risk of bias and publication bias were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies using diverse algorithms and data sources were included. The pooled C-statistic for the best-performing models was 0.96 (95% CrI: 0.93-0.98; 95% PI: 0.84-1.00), indicating excellent overall discrimination. Ensemble and more complex algorithms, such as random forest and support vector machine, outperformed single decision- tree models. Logistic regression also demonstrated stable performance. After excluding datasets with severe class imbalance, the overall findings remained largely unchanged. Funnel plot assessment and Egger's test did not indicate clear evidence of publication bias.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings indicate that ML models have considerable potential for predicting mortality in patients with burns. However, methodological limitations, including a high risk of bias, limited external validation, and insufficient model interpretability, may restrict their current clinical applicability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ML models demonstrate excellent discriminative performance for predicting mortality in patients with burns. Future high-quality multicenter studies with rigorous external validation, transparent reporting, and improved model interpretability are needed before these models can be routinely implemented in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The protocol for this study was registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD420251153818).</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Analysis of Newly Synthesized 2-Mercaptobenzazole Derivatives as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.","authors":"Iqra Zulfqar, Syed Muzzammil Masaud, Asma Bukhari, Tayyaba Anwar, Huma Hamid, Muhammad Ibrar Khan, Muzaffar Abbas, Humaira Nadeem","doi":"10.2174/0109298673475170260728043412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673475170260728043412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cholinergic dysfunction and excessive oxidative stress. Targeting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) alongside antioxidant mechanisms represents a rational multitarget therapeutic strategy. The present study aimed to design, synthesize, and evaluate a new series of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives as potential dual-acting anti-Alzheimer agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A series of eight novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives (2a-2h) was synthesized through a two-step synthetic route involving acylation of substituted amines with chloroacetyl chloride, followed by coupling with 2-mercaptobenzimidazole. Structural elucidation was performed using standard spectroscopic techniques. in silico ADMET profiling and molecular docking were conducted against human AChE (PDB ID: 4EY7). The compounds were further evaluated for in vitro AChE inhibitory activity, enzyme kinetics, and antioxidant potential using the DPPH radical scavenging assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ADMET analysis predicted favorable drug-like characteristics, including acceptable physicochemical properties, good intestinal absorption, and low hepatotoxicity risk. Molecular docking studies revealed enhanced binding affinity for derivatives bearing electron-withdrawing substituents, with compound 2d demonstrating the strongest interaction (-10.6 kcal/mol) through π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding within the active site. in vitro AChE inhibition assays supported the computational findings, where compounds 2c (IC50 = 12.9 ± 0.7 μM) and 2h (IC50 = 15.1 ± 0.9 μM) exhibited promising activity relative to Donepezil. Kinetic analysis confirmed mixed- type inhibition by compound 2c, yielding a Km of 51.6 ± 1.5 μM, a Vmax of 0.61 ± 0.03 μmol/min/mg, and a Ki value of 6.8 ± 0.4 μM. Antioxidant evaluation indicated notable DPPH radical scavenging activity, with compound 2h showing 79.69% inhibition at 50 μg/mL.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The consistency between molecular docking, enzyme inhibition, and kinetic findings suggests that substituent-driven interactions play an important role in AChE inhibition. Additionally, the observed antioxidant activity highlights the therapeutic potential of these derivatives as multitarget agents capable of addressing both cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative stress associated with AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, the synthesized 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives demonstrated promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant properties. These findings support their potential as lead scaffolds for the development of novel multitarget therapeutic candidates for Alzheimer's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Mirtazapine in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Chronic Liver Disease.","authors":"Yuqing Yang, Jing Wu, Xiaojun Li, Dong Yang, Lini Liu, Yuyong Tan","doi":"10.2174/0109298673497129260723155103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673497129260723155103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is a common comorbidity in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Due to concerns about hepatic metabolism and limited tolerability, the use of traditional antidepressants is often restricted. Mirtazapine is a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant. Driven by its unique rigid tetracyclic scaffold and enantiomeric properties, Mirtazapine exhibits multi-target binding that may affect multiple shared pathways in CLD and depression. Preclinical studies have shown that in models of metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, Mirtazapine can attenuate liver tissue injury, suppress hepatic stellate cell activation, and modulate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress levels. Additionally, the drug may provide indirect clinical benefits by alleviating patients' depressive symptoms, improving sleep quality, and promoting appetite recovery. However, mirtazapine is consistently associated with a range of metabolic adverse effects, including weight gain, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. These effects may exacerbate the metabolic burden in patients with CLD, thereby limiting its clinical utility. Therefore, when prescribing this agent to patients with comorbid depression, clinicians must carefully balance its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic benefits against metabolic risks to achieve rational individualized medication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of GOT1, OAF, XPNPEP2, CRISPLD2, and RPS21 as Sorafenib-Treatment-Associated Candidate Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Mengru Zhan, Penghui Li, Wanyi Wang, Mingxing Zhao","doi":"10.2174/0109298673520882260728061638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673520882260728061638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sorafenib is a first-line therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its clinical benefit is limited by significant interpatient variability in response. Identifying reliable candidate biomarkers associated with sorafenib treatment is critical for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Samples in the GSE109211 dataset were divided into sorafenib-treated and control groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the limma package and filtered via LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms to identify potential HCC biomarkers. CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms were used to evaluate immune infiltration and its correlation with candidate genes, followed by GSEA to explore enriched functional pathways. Regulatory networks were constructed using hTFtarget and ENCORI, and potential drugs were predicted by molecular docking. The expression and knockdown effects of RPS21 were validated in THLE-2 and HuH7 cells using qRTPCR, wound-healing, and Transwell assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five sorafenib-treatment-associated candidate biomarkers were identified, including glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1 (GOT1), out at first homolog (OAF), Xprolyl aminopeptidase 2 (XPNPEP2), cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain-containing 2 (CRISPLD2), and ribosomal protein S21 (RPS21). These genes were related to immune cell infiltration. In particular, the expression of OAF and CRISPLD2 was associated with immune scores. GSEA showed enrichment in pathways such as OXIDATIVE_ PHOSPHORYLATION and MYC_TARGETS. GOT1 stably bound to sorafenib, carbamazepine, and diclofenac. RPS21 was upregulated in HuH7 cells, and its knockdown impaired migration and invasion, validating its oncogenic role.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study identified candidate biomarkers related to sorafenib treatment for HCC through computational analyses, experimentally validated the oncogenic function of RPS21, and predicted carbamazepine and diclofenac as potential combination therapies for precision treatment of HCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified HCC biomarkers associated with sorafenib treatment and the tumor immune microenvironment, predicted targeted drugs, and expanded the paradigm for precision therapy in HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Anti-Aging Benefits of Phytoestrogens: Insights and Evidence.","authors":"Mariia Shanaida, Oleksandra Oleshchuk, Tetiana Gontova, Liudmyla Fira, Nataliya Beley, Iryna Herasymets, Khrystyna Mocherniuk, Mariana Lukanyuk, Oleh Koshovyi, Ain Raal, Petro Lykhatskyi, Dmytro Fira, Serhiy Beley, Geir Bjørklund","doi":"10.2174/0109298673388265251016052311","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673388265251016052311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Phytoestrogens are polyphenolic bioactive compounds found in various plants and plant-based foods. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the diversity and pharmacological potential of phytoestrogens in relation to age-related disorders, as well as to assess their potential toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of studies published over the last two decades was conducted, utilizing databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The selection criteria focused on studies that explored the therapeutic effects of phytoestrogens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Modern research has highlighted the significant therapeutic potential of phytoestrogens, particularly in sources like soy (Glycine max L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), red grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), hops (Humulus lupulus L.), flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), and black cohosh (Actaea racemosa L.). Soy isoflavones - genistein, equol, and daidzein - have been extensively studied through experimental and clinical trials, demonstrating their efficacy in managing aging-related health disorders. Similarly, resveratrol, a stilbene abundant in grapes and red wine, has well-documented phytoestrogenic properties.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The wide-ranging health benefits of phytoestrogens include alleviation of menopausal symptoms and reduction in the risks of metabolic disorders, osteoporosis, hormone-dependent cancers, cardiovascular and brain diseases, as well as skin aging. While phytoestrogens can be advantageous in estrogen-deficient states, they may pose risks when excess estrogen is unnecessary. Thus, their effects are influenced by individual physiological conditions, suggesting that targeted intake through supplements or medications, coupled with reduced dietary exposure, could optimize benefits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review systematically examines the chemical diversity, pharmacological effects, and therapeutic properties of phytoestrogens and their herbal sources, based on studies published over the last two decades, using data from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4477-4521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the Development of Antigens for the Most Prevalent Hepatitis for Biotechnological Applications.","authors":"Isabelle Caroline Dos Santos Barcelos, Sandra Rodrigues Xavier, Cássio Siqueira Souza Cassiano, Isadora Braga Gandra, Sabrina Paula Pereira, Anna Julia Ribeiro, Kamila Alves Silva, Carlos Ananias Aparecido Resende, Fernanda Aparecida Goveia Freitas, Rafaela Camargo Rodrigues Machado, Livia Corrêa Ferreira, Mariana Campos da Paz, Miguel Angel Chávez Fumagalli, Eduardo Antônio Ferraz Coelho, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Octávio Luiz Franco, Ana Alice Maia Gonçalves, Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino","doi":"10.2174/0109298673477241260721105753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673477241260721105753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite numerous advances in prevention and diagnosis, viral hepatitis remains a serious global public health problem, exacerbated by underreporting of cases and limited access of vulnerable populations to accurate diagnostic methods. These infections, often asymptomatic in the early stages, frequently progress to chronic liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, thereby increasing global mortality rates. Currently, the use of recombinant antigens, such as recombinant proteins, multi- -epitope proteins, and synthetic peptides, represents a promising and relatively low-cost biotechnological alternative for the development of serological tests that offer high specificity and diagnostic sensitivity. Given the promising potential of these antigens, this review aimed to determine the number of studies devoted to the development of ELISAbased serological tests using these molecules for the diagnosis of hepatitis B and C, the most prevalent forms worldwide. Considering that ELISA-based tests represent a more accessible and easily replicable alternative to expensive molecular methods such as PCR, a search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using differents keywords, without date restrictions. The results demonstrated that although promising molecules exist, the number of studies using these technologies in ELISA assays is still scarce, highlighting a gap in the literature and the need for future research. Promising molecules for diagnosis were observed, derived from structural proteins in most cases. Although the results appeared promising, these antigens still need extensive and standardized validation tests to confirm their diagnostic usefulness, ensuring greater equity in access to diagnosis and improving public health surveillance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies Conserved Crosstalk and Core Shared Differentially Expressed Genes in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Obesity.","authors":"Jianxu Yuan, Shengjie Yu, Ji Zheng","doi":"10.2174/0109298673496383260704091350","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673496383260704091350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Obesity is a well-established modifiable risk factor for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), yet the cellular and molecular crosstalk between obesity and ccRCC remains poorly defined. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables high-resolution characterization of cellular heterogeneity, providing a robust strategy to dissect conserved pathological mechanisms linking the two disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>scRNA-seq was performed to profile cellular composition and transcriptional patterns in ccRCC/normal renal tissues and obese/lean adipose tissues. Shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functionally enriched. Independent bulk RNA-seq datasets were used to validate core cross-disease DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, and drug-gene interaction analysis was conducted to screen repurposing candidates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Convergent cellular remodeling was identified in ccRCC and obese tissues. Adipocytes, immune cells, and stromal cells served as conserved core regulatory hubs. A total of 19 validated core DEGs formed a PPI network enriched in immune activation and inflammation, with cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and chemokine signaling being dominant. Multiple FDA-approved drugs were predicted for comorbidity-targeted repurposing.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Obesity-driven chronic inflammatory dysregulation serves as a key mechanistic link promoting ccRCC development and progression, revealing the intrinsic connection between obesity and ccRCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study delineates conserved cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the obesity-ccRCC association. The 19 core DEGs represent critical cross-disease targets, and the identified repurposable drugs provide actionable strategies for managing ccRCC-obesity comorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}