Current medicinal chemistry最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Quercetin for the Treatment of Endometriosis and Endometrial Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Shahla Chaichian, Banafsheh Nikfar, Sepideh Arbabi Bidgoli, Bahram Moazzami","doi":"10.2174/0109298673269733230921092509","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673269733230921092509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometrial glands and stroma can be seen outside the uterine cavity in endometriosis, a gynecological disorder linked to estrogen dependency. Hormonal therapies, surgical excision, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy are among the traditional endometriosis treatments, however, various side effects limit their efficacy. Therefore, it is vital to research complementary and alternative therapeutic modalities to decrease the side effects of conventional therapies. While the search for the best endometriosis treatment continues, the focus is being paid to the assistance provided by polyphenols, notably quercetin. A broad spectrum of health-improving benefits of quercetin includes interactions with endometriosis-related molecular targets such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasiveness, inflammation, and oxidative stress. According to already-known research, medicines that mimic the physiological effects of quercetin are good candidates for creating novel endometriosis therapies. This review aims to comprehensively review quercetin's potential as a non-pharmacological treatment for endometriosis by interacting with several cellular and molecular targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"74-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49675360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defective Mitophagy Impairs Response to Inflammatory Activation of Macrophage-Like Cells.","authors":"Alexander Nikolaevich Orekhov, Alexander Dmitrievich Zhuravlev, Andrey Yurievich Vinokurov, Nikita Gennadievich Nikiforov, Andrey Vladimirovich Omelchenko, Vasily Nikolaevich Sukhorukov, Vasily Vladimirovich Sinyov, Igor Alexandrovich Sobenin","doi":"10.2174/0109298673294643240228105957","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673294643240228105957","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and aims: &lt;/strong&gt;The role of mitophagy in atherosclerosis has been extensively studied during the last few years. It was shown that mitophagy is involved in the regulation of macrophages, which are important players as immune cells in atherosclerosis development. In this study, we investigated the relationship between mitophagy and response to inflammatory stimulation of macrophage-like cells. Six cybrid cell lines with normal mitophagy, that is, increasing in response to stimulation, and 7 lines with defective mitophagy not responding to stimulation were obtained. The objective of the study was to compare the nature of the inflammatory response in normal and defective mitophagy in order to elucidate the role of mitophagy defects in inflammation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We used cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids) as cellular models, created using mitochondrial DNA from different atherosclerosis patients. Mitophagy was stimulated by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) and assessed as the degree of colocalization of mitochondria with lysosomes using confocal microscopy. Western blotting methods were used for the determination of proteins involved in the exact mechanism of mitophagy. Experiments with stimulation of mitophagy show a high correlation between these two approaches (microscopy and blotting). The pro-inflammatory response of cybrids was stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The extent of the inflammatory response was assessed by the secretion of cytokines CCL2, IL8, IL6, IL1β, and TNF measured by ELISA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Basal level of secretion of cytokines CCL2, IL8 and TNF was 1.5-2 times higher in cultures of cybrids with defective mitophagy compared to cells with normal mitophagy. This suggests a persistently elevated inflammatory response in cells with defective mitophagy, even in the absence of an inflammatory stimulus. Such cells in the tissue will constantly recruit other immune cells, which is characteristic of macrophages derived from monocytes circulating in the blood of patients with atherosclerosis. We observed significant differences in the degree and type of response to inflammatory activation in cybrids with defective mitophagy. These differences were not so much quantitative as they were dramatically qualitative. Compared with cells with normal mitophagy, in cells with defective mitophagy, the relative (to basal) secretion of IL8, IL6 and IL1b increased after the second LPS activation. This indicates a possible lack of tolerance to inflammatory activation in cells with defective mitophagy, since typically, re-activation reveals a smaller pro-inflammatory cytokine response, allowing the inflammatory process to resolve. In cells with normal mitophagy, exactly this normal (tolerant) inflammatory reaction was observed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Data on the involvement of mitophagy, including defective mitophagy, in disturbances of the inflammatory re","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"111-122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Characterization of Prognostic Macrophage Subpopulations for Human Esophageal Carcinoma.","authors":"Penghui Li, Xiaohui Gao, Di Huang, Xinyu Gu","doi":"10.2174/0109298673284207240108105724","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673284207240108105724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the cellular ecosystem and the progression of esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) based on the evolution of macrophages and to analyze the potential of using macrophages as a new therapeutic approach in ESCA treatment.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Macrophage-based immunotherapy could be used for treating ESCA patients, but its clinical application is limited by the intra-tumor heterogeneity of macrophages.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to analyze the diversity, differentiation trajectory, and intercellular communication of macrophages in ESCA and its prognostic significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data in the GSE154763 dataset were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to identify cell clusters and annotate cell types using the Seurat R package. The scRNA-seq profiles of macrophages were extracted, and cluster analysis was performed to identify macrophage subsets. The differentiation trajectories of macrophage subgroups were visualized employing Monocle2. Finally, ligand-receptor pairs and communication intensity among the classified subgroups were analyzed using Cell Chat.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 8 cell types were identified between ESCA tissues and paracancer tissues. The most abundant macrophages in ESCA tissues were further divided into 5 cell clusters. Compared with the normal tissues, the proportion of HSPA6+ macrophages in ESCA tissues increased the most, and the number of ligand-receptor pairs that mediated the communication of HSPA6+ macrophages with mast cells and monocytes also increased significantly. More importantly, a high proportion of HSPA6+ macrophages was inversely correlated with the survival outcomes for ESCA patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study analyzed the diversity, distribution and differentiation trajectory of macrophages in ESCA tissues at single-cell level and classified a prognostic macrophage subtype (HSPA6+ macrophages) of ESCA, providing a theoretical basis for macrophage-targeted therapy in ESCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"123-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro-renin Receptor (PRR) as a Target to Reduce Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Post Liver Transplantation.","authors":"Rozita Khodashahi, Gordon A Ferns, Mohsen Aliakbarian, Mohammad-Hassan Arjmand","doi":"10.2174/0109298673345528241101092336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673345528241101092336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the main causes of chronic liver disorders following liver transplantation. The prorenin receptor (PRR) plays a role in glucose and lipid metabolism, and the hepatic dysregulation of PRR is associated with the upregulation of several molecular pathways, such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) that promotes hepatic lipogenesis and leads to lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by upregulation of lipogenic genes. PRR inhibition leads to a reduction in the hepatic expression of sortilin-1 and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) levels and down-regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and reduces fatty acids synthesis in hepatocytes. In addition, β-oxidation regulatory genes are upregulated by PRR inhibition to attenuate liver lipid content and liver steatosis. This evidence suggests that targeting the dysregulated hepatic PRR may be effective in reducing liver steatosis postliver transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"lncRNA-056298 Regulates GAP43 and Promotes Cardiac Intrinsic Autonomic Nerve Remodelling in a Canine Model of Atrial Fibrillation Induction after Ganglionated Plexus Ablation.","authors":"Shuting Bai, Ximin Wang, Yinglong Hou, Yansong Cui, Qiyuan Song, Juanjuan Du, Yujiao Zhang, Jingwen Xu","doi":"10.2174/0109298673289298240129103537","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673289298240129103537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac intrinsic autonomic nerve remodelling has been reported to play an important role in the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation, which significantly affects the long-term efficacy of this procedure. lncRNAs have been shown to interact in the pathological processes underlying heart diseases. However, the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in cardiac intrinsic autonomic nerve remodelling during atrial fibrillation reduction after ganglionated plexus ablation remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which lncRNA- 056298 modulates GAP43 to affect cardiac intrinsic autonomic nerve remodelling and facilitate the induction of atrial fibrillation after ganglionated plexus ablation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A canine model of right atrial ganglionated plexus ablation was established. The atrial electrophysiological characteristics and neural markers were detected before and after 6 months of ganglionated plexus ablation. High-throughput sequencing was used to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs in target atrial tissues, and lncRNA- 056298 was selected to further explore its effects and mechanisms on cardiac intrinsic autonomic nerve remodelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The induction rate of atrial fibrillation increased in dogs after ganglionated plexus ablation. Overexpression of lncRNA-056298 by lentivirus can shorten the atrial effective refractory period and increase the induction of atrial fibrillation. lncRNA- 056298 promoted cardiac intrinsic autonomic nerve remodelling via endogenous competition with cfa-miR-185 to induce transcription of its target gene GAP43, thereby affecting the induction of atrial fibrillation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>lncRNA-056298 regulates GAP43 by sponging miR-185, which affects cardiac intrinsic autonomic nerve remodelling and mediates atrial fibrillation induction after ganglionated plexus ablation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"136-159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139650487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis and Validation of Tyrosine Metabolism-related Prognostic Features for Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.","authors":"Zhongfeng Cui, Chunli Liu, Hongzhi Li, Juan Wang, Guangming Li","doi":"10.2174/0109298673290101240223074545","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673290101240223074545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore tyrosine metabolism-related characteristics in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and to establish a risk signature for the prognostic prediction of LIHC. Novel prognostic signatures contribute to the mining of novel biomarkers, which are essential for the construction of a precision medicine system for LIHC and the improvement of survival.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Tyrosine metabolism plays a critical role in the initiation and development of LIHC. Based on the tyrosine metabolism-related characteristics in LIHC, this study developed a risk signature to improve the prognostic prediction of patients with LIHC.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the correlation between tyrosine metabolism and progression of LIHC and to develop a tyrosine metabolism-related prognostic model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gene expression and clinicopathological information of LIHC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Distinct subtypes of LIHC were classified by performing consensus cluster analysis on the tyrosine metabolism-related genes. Univariate and Lasso Cox regression were used to develop a RiskScore prognosis model. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis with log-rank test and area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were employed in the prognostic evaluation and prediction validation. Immune infiltration, tyrosine metabolism score, and pathway enrichment were evaluated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Finally, a nomogram model was developed with the RiskScore and other clinicopathological features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the tyrosine metabolism genes in the TCGA cohort, we identified 3 tyrosine metabolism-related subtypes showing significant prognostic differences. Four candidate genes selected from the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the 3 subtypes were used to develop a RiskScore model, which could effectively divide LIHC patients into high- and lowrisk groups. In both the training and validation sets, high-risk patients tended to have worse overall survival, less active immunotherapy response, higher immune infiltration and clinical grade, and higher oxidative, fatty, and xenobiotic metabolism pathways. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the RiskScore was an independent indicator for the prognosis of LIHC. The results from pan-- cancer analysis also supported that the RiskScore had a strong prognostic performance in other cancers. The nomogram demonstrated that the RiskScore contributed the most to the prediction of LIHC prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study developed a tyrosine metabolism-related risk model that performed well in survival prediction, showing the potential to serve as an independent prognostic predictor for LIHC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"160-187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Trials of High-intensity Focused Ultrasound for Cancer: Concerns Arising from Low Post-Hoc Power.","authors":"Tinghe Yu, Xinya Li","doi":"10.2174/0109298673281773240104142757","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673281773240104142757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prospective controlled trials of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for cancers were evaluated. Post-hoc power was <0.80 in 30/46 trials and in 22/38 trials with positive results, indicating low quality in most trials. Unscientific endpoints, small sample sizes, and high dropout rates led to low post-hoc power that caused inter-trial heterogeneity and overestimated the therapeutic effect. The objective response rate was not a substitute for survival time for estimating the sample size and assessing the efficacy. The present data can interpret a paradox: HIFU is considered to have slighter cytotoxicity to noncancer tissues and no radiation but is frequently combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"2-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WITHDRAWN: In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-lung Cancer Activity of Emodin: An RNAseq Transcriptome Analysis","authors":"Aikebaier Maimaiti, Liu Xingliang, Linsen Shi","doi":"10.2174/0929867329666220921120314","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0929867329666220921120314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been withdrawn.</p><p><p>Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.</p><p><p>The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php</p><p><strong>Bentham science disclaimer: </strong>It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33480594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Body Mass Index and Abdominal Obesity with Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction","authors":"Xinyi Huang, Xiao Liu, Yuan Jiang, Zhengyu Cao, Maoxiong Wu, Zhiteng Chen, Runlu Sun, Peng Yu, Jianyong Ma, Wengen Zhu, Yangxin Chen, Guifu Wu, Yuling Zhang, Jingfeng Wang","doi":"10.2174/0929867330666230606100903","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0929867330666230606100903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The association between obesity and atrial fibrillation (AF) incidence in\u0000heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients is currently unclear. Our analyses\u0000and results are based on the whole Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an\u0000Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial (placebo and spironolactone).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2138 subjects without baseline AF were included in the trial. Kaplan-Meier\u0000(K-M) curves and Cox regression with hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were\u0000used to assess the incidence of AF with obesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2138 HFpEF patients without baseline AF, 1165 were obese (body mass index [BMI]≥\u000030 kg/m2). The K-M curve showed obese patients developed AF more than overweight (25≤\u0000BMI ≤29.9 kg/m2) patients (p=0.013), confirmed by multivariable analysis, while there’s no statistical\u0000difference between overweight and normal weight (18.5≤ BMI ≤24.9 kg/m2) patients. The occurrence\u0000of AF increased by 3% for every kg/m2 increase in BMI (adjusted HR, aHR: 1.03; 95%\u0000CI: 1.00-1.06), with a positive linear association (p for nonlinear: 0.145). Obesity was associated\u0000with AF incidence (aHR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.05-2.50) compared with non-obesity (including overweight\u0000and normal-weight patients). Abdominal obesity was associated with increased AF incidence\u0000(aHR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.04-2.77), and AF incidence rose by 18% per centimeter in circumference\u0000(aHR: 1.18; 95% CI:1.04-1.34).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Obesity and abdominal obesity increase the incidence of AF in HFpEF patients. Further\u0000studies need to determine whether there is a difference in AF in response to spironolactone\u0000across obese HFpEF pheno groups.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00094302. Registered\u0000on October 15, 2004</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9586696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Possible Roles of <i>β</i>-alanine and L-carnosine in Anti-aging.","authors":"Amin Gasmi, Pavan Kumar Mujawdiya, Roman Lysiuk, Mariia Shanaida, Massimiliano Peana, Salva Piscopo, Nataliya Beley, Svitlana Dzyha, Kateryna Smetanina, Volodymyr Shanaida, Stephane Resimont, Geir Bjorklund","doi":"10.2174/0109298673263561231117054447","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0109298673263561231117054447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>β-alanine (BA), being a non-proteinogenic amino acid, is an important constituent of L-carnosine (LC), which is necessary for maintaining the muscle buffering capacity and preventing a loss of muscle mass associated with aging effects. BA is also very important for normal human metabolism due to the formation of a part of pantothenate, which is incorporated into coenzyme A. BA is synthesized in the liver, and its combination with histidine results in the formation of LC, which accumulates in the muscles and brain tissues and has a well-defined physiological role as a good buffer for the pH range of muscles that caused its rapidly increased popularity as ergogenic support to sports performance. The main antioxidant mechanisms of LC include reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and chelation of metal ions. With age, the buffering capacity of muscles also declines due to reduced concentration of LC and sarcopenia. Moreover, LC acts as an antiglycation agent, ultimately reducing the development of degenerative diseases. LC has an anti-inflammatory effect in autoimmune diseases such as osteoarthritis. As histidine is always present in the human body in higher concentrations than BA, humans have to get BA from dietary sources to support the required amount of this critical constituent to supply the necessary amount of LC synthesis. Also, BA has other beneficial effects, such as preventing skin aging and intestinal damage, improving the stress-- fighting capability of the muscle cells, and managing an age-related decline in memory and learning. In this review, the results of a detailed analysis of the role and various beneficial properties of BA and LC from the anti-aging perspective are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"6-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139511805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}