Current medicinal chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Meta-analysis and Database Validation of Exosomal MicroRNAs and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Patients.","authors":"Tong Liang, Chengqing Ding, Zhong Yang, Mingxu Da","doi":"10.2174/0109298673356200250612183707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673356200250612183707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as pivotal regulators in the progression of diverse oncogenic processes. However, the relationship between exosomal miRNAs and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer (GC) patients remains a subject of debate. The present study was designed to meticulously assess the link between exosomal miRNAs and GC through a meticulous meta-analysis and rigorous database validation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The case-control studies about the relationship between exosomal miRNAs and GC were retrieved from CNKI, SinoMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and PubMed database. The retrieval time was from inception to November, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the quality of the included studies. The meta-analysis of the included literature was conducted by the Stata 12.0 software. The database of Kaplan-Meier plotter predicted that the expression of miRNA was correlated with prognostic value in GC patients. The study protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023490351).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 studies, involving 3490 participants, were included in this analysis. The meta-analysis results indicated that there was no significant decrease in the incidence of clinicopathological parameters associated with exosomal miRNAs in GC patients. However, analysis of the Kaplan-Meier plotter database revealed that high expression levels of hsa-mir-134, hsa-mir-100, hsa-mir-552, hsa-mir-30a, and hsa-mir-23b were associated with poor prognosis in GC patients, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.99, p=0.021), 1.67 (95% CI: 1.23-2.27, p=0.00098), 1.63 (95% CI: 1.11-2.40, p=0.012), 1.56 (95% CI: 1.08-2.26, p=0.017), and 1.52 (95% CI: 1.12-2.06, p=0.0066), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings align with prior studies highlighting the role of specific miRNAs in tumor progression but diverge regarding their diagnostic utility for clinicopathological features. Future research should explore the functional mechanisms of these miRNAs in GC biology and validate their prognostic value in larger, diverse cohorts to inform personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in COVID-19 Treatment: Integrating Ancient Wisdom with Modern Medicine.","authors":"Geir Bjørklund, Halyna Antonyak, Roman Lysiuk, Natalia Dzhura, Leonard Gurgas, Tony Hangan","doi":"10.2174/0109298673378502250707131529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673378502250707131529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has prompted a global health crisis, necessitating diverse therapeutic strategies. This review explores the integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) with conventional medicine in managing COVID-19, highlighting the potential synergistic effects of combining these approaches. TCM formulations such as Lian Hua Qing Wen capsules and Shu Feng Jie Du capsules have shown promise in alleviating symptoms and enhancing recovery rates in COVID-19 patients through their antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Key components such as glycyrrhizin, quercetin, and resveratrol, along with fungal, animal, and mineral preparations, contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of TCM. Some individual polyphenolics, found in TCM formulations, significantly contribute to anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect: their EC50 values range from 4.5 μmol/L (baicalein) to 83.4 μmol/L (quercetin), depending on the types of cells used and the treatment period. The review emphasizes the importance of rigorous scientific research to validate the effectiveness and safety of TCM treatments and the need for standardized protocols to ensure their consistent use. The quality and safety of Chinese herbal products still pose significant challenges that should be considered during their production and use. The integration of TCM with conventional medical practices offers a holistic approach to patient care, addressing the multifaceted pathophysiology of COVID-19 and enhancing overall treatment outcomes. Continued international collaborations and interdisciplinary research are essential to bridge the gap between traditional and modern medicine, fostering a more inclusive healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Static Magnetic Field Accelerates Wound Healing by Activation PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Shuyan Zhong, Zan Bai, Juan Wu, Menglu Wu, Ren-Jian-Zhi Zhang, Rongguang Lai, Xinnan Zheng, Maoguo Shu, Huicong Du","doi":"10.2174/0109298673379670250703084615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673379670250703084615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wound healing is a complex and dynamic biological process involving overlapping phases such as inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Chronic wounds, which fail to heal in a timely manner, pose significant challenges in clinical practice. Static magnetic fields (SMFs) have shown potential in wound healing, particularly in their anti-inflammatory effects and ability to promote cell proliferation. However, the precise mechanisms underlying their effects remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of SMFs on wound repair and to explore the molecular mechanisms involved, particularly the role of key signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A rabbit ear full-thickness wound model was used to evaluate the effects of SMFs (160 mT) on wound healing. Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs), normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured under SMF conditions to assess their proliferation, migration, and angiogenic activity. Tissue repair, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation were analyzed through histological and immunohistochemical methods. Transcriptome sequencing and Western blotting were performed to identify key pathways affected by SMFs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SMFs significantly accelerated wound healing in the rabbit ear model, as demonstrated by enhanced re-epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. in vitro, SMFs promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and keratinocytes, as well as tube formation in endothelial cells. Transcriptome and protein analyses revealed that SMFs activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which played a critical role in regulating cell proliferation and angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that SMFs promote wound healing by enhancing angiogenesis and cell proliferation through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the application of SMFs as a non-invasive therapeutic approach for clinical wound management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian Rhythm Genes-based Prognostic Signature for Bladder Cancer: Association of EZH2 Expression with Anesthetic-related Changes in Circulating Tumor Cells.","authors":"Xiaojun Wan, Kunxiang Wang, Peng Ren, Xuezhou Zhang, Fa Sun","doi":"10.2174/0109298673362736250702043230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673362736250702043230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Circadian rhythm genes (CRGs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of various cancers, yet their impact on bladder cancer (BC) remains to be fully elucidated. EZH2, as a potential oncological biomarker, lacks clear delineation regarding its prognostic significance in BC. Furthermore, the effect of anesthesia on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in cancer patients is scarcely studied.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this study, we developed a bioinformatics signature based on CRGs to assess the prognosis of BC patients and investigated the expression of EZH2 in BC and its correlation with patient outcomes through clinical sample analysis. Furthermore, we collected blood samples from BC patients before anesthesia and two hours post-anesthesia, enriched for CTCs, and analyzed the expression of EZH2 to evaluate the impact of anesthesia on the quantity of CTCs and their EZH2 expression status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our prognostic model identified EZH2 as a key determinant of BC prognosis, with the high expression of EZH2 significantly associated with poor patient outcomes. Experimental validation revealed a significant increase in the number of EZH2+ CTCs after anesthesia in BC patients. These findings suggest that anesthesia may facilitate BC metastasis by increasing the number of EZH2+ CTCs.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings highlight the prognostic value of CRGs and EZH2 in BC, providing new insights into tumor biology and metastasis. Furthermore, this study suggests anesthesia may influence tumor progression by modulating EZH2 expression in CTCs, underscoring the need for careful anesthetic selection in BC patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study unveils the potential value of CRGs and EZH2 in the prognostic assessment of BC and reports for the first time that anesthesia may influence tumor metastasis by modulating the expression of EZH2 in CTCs. These results offer new biomarkers for the prognosis and treatment of BC and provide novel insights into the role of anesthesia in cancer metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development, Characterization, In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and Stability Evaluation of a Miconazole Nitrate Nanocrystal-loaded Hydrogel for Topical Application.","authors":"Pramod Kumar, Anil Kumar Singh, Waleed H Almalki, Nabil K Alruwaili, Abdulaziz Alzahrani, Abdulrahman Alhamyani, Abdulmalik Saleh Alfawaz Altamimi, Amit Kumar Singh, Ankit Sahoo, Jamshed Haneef, Tanuja Singh, Mahfoozur Rahman","doi":"10.2174/0109298673339390250605054706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673339390250605054706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to develop, characterize, optimize, and evaluate the in vitro ex vivo drug release and stability of miconazole nitrate (MN)-loaded nanocrystal for topical drug delivery. MN is an antifungal agent with poor oral bioavailability and significant first-pass metabolism, necessitating alternative administration routes. Nanoformulations with lipidic/polymeric nanoparticles can overcome conventional system formulation limitations. However, it resulted in controlled MN drug release for up to 48 h and greater skin flux than did a 1% MN solution. This study aimed to identify optimized, stable, and effective in vitro/ex vivo MN-loaded nanocrystal-based hydrogels for topical drug delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The nanocrystals (PN1-PN12) were developed via the precipitation method using Pluronic F-127 as a nonionic copolymer surfactant and stabilizer. The compatibility was evaluated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). With the help of the zetasizer, particle size, PDI, and Zeta Potential are determined. The drug in-vitro release was determined using the dialysis bag method. Carbopol 934-P and methylparaben were dissolved in distilled water with heat and constant stirring to prevent agglomeration. Permeation experiments used excised abdominal skin from Wistar rats euthanized by cervical dislocation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest solubility was found in PF-127, followed by Pluronic F68. Nanocrystals were prepared via the antisolvent precipitation method. The new diffraction pattern of the nanocrystals confirms their crystalline nature and complexation with the polymer, supporting the DSC and FT-IR findings. The developed nanocrystal shows a subtle shift from 1587 to 1589 cm-1, with no significant changes in the vibrational frequencies of the physical mixture. The PN5 formulation, with a small PS of 303.4 nm, a low PDI of 0.248, the highest drug content of 99.23 ± 5.23%, and a % cumulative drug release of 92.32 ± 3.27, was selected for further characterization. The PN5 formulations were stored under various conditions for 3 months, resulting in consistent particle sizes. SEM images revealed long, crystalline MN structures and needle-like nanocrystals. PN5 was optimized for developing a topical nanocrystal gel (PG1), which provided sustained drug release and retained significantly more drug than the other formulations did. PG1 remained stable during the 3-month storage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PN5 formulation, optimized for developing a topical nanocrystal gel, resulted in consistent particle size, sustained drug release, and stability over 3 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing InceptionResNet to Diagnose COVID-19 from Medical Images.","authors":"Shadi Aljawarneh, Indrakshi Ray","doi":"10.2174/0109298673378155250704110629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673378155250704110629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This investigation delves into the diagnosis of COVID-19, using X-ray images generated by way of an effective deep learning model. In terms of assessing the COVID-19 diagnosis learning model, the methods currently employed tend to focus on the accuracy rate level, while neglecting several significant assessment parameters. These parameters, which include precision, sensitivity and specificity, significantly, F1-score, and ROC-AUC influence the performance level of the model. In this paper, we have improved the InceptionResNet and called Enhanced InceptionResNet with restructured parameters termed, \"Enhanced InceptionResNet,\" which incorporates depth-wise separable convolutions to enhance the efficiency of feature extraction and minimize the consumption of computational resources.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this investigation, three residual network (ResNet) models, namely Res- Net, InceptionResNet model, and the Enhanced InceptionResNet with restructured parameters, were employed for a medical image classification assignment. The performance of each model was evaluated on a balanced dataset of 2600 X-ray images. The models were subsequently assessed for accuracy and loss, as well subjected to a confusion matrix analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Enhanced InceptionResNet consistently outperformed ResNet and InceptionResNet in terms of validation and testing accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, and ROC-AUC demonstrating its superior capacity for identifying pertinent information in the data. In the context of validation and testing accuracy, our Enhanced InceptionRes- Net repeatedly proved to be more reliable than ResNet, an indication of the former's capacity for the efficient identification of pertinent information in the data (99.0% and 98.35%, respectively), suggesting enhanced feature extraction capabilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Enhanced InceptionResNet excelled in COVID-19 diagnosis from chest X-rays, surpassing ResNet and Default InceptionResNet in accuracy, precision, and sensitivity. Despite computational demands, it shows promise for medical image classification. Future work should leverage larger datasets, cloud platforms, and hyperparameter optimisation to improve performance, especially for distinguishing normal and pneumonia cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NAV3 Missense Variant in a Homozygous State: Strengthening Links to Neurodevelopmental Disorder.","authors":"Muhammad Umair, Anwar Ullah, Najumuddin -, Gohar Zaman, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Fazl Ullah, Muhammad Bilal, Majid Alfadhel","doi":"10.2174/0109298673367919250626005640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673367919250626005640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) represent a diverse and heterogeneous group of conditions, including neurodevelopmental delay (NDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and neurodevelopmental encephalopathy with epilepsy (NDEE). While these disorders often share phenotypic similarities, their underlying genetic causes can vary widely, making clinical diagnosis challenging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on a family having an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder. The proband (II-2) underwent WGS, followed by variant filtering through an in-house bioinformatics pipeline. Sanger sequencing and 3D protein modeling were performed to confirm the pathogenicity of the identified variants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A novel biallelic missense variant in the NAV3 (c.3430T>C; p.Ser1144Pro) was detected using WGS and Sanger sequencing. Subsequently, 3D protein modeling revealed significant alterations in the secondary structure of NAV3, indicating a potential pathogenic effect.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The identification of a novel biallelic missense variant in NAV3 adds a new layer to our understanding of its potential contribution to autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorders. This case expands the mutational landscape of NAV3 and underscores its emerging significance in neurodevelopment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports a novel NAV3 variant in association with autosomal recessive NDD, and contributes to the growing evidence that NAV3 plays a crucial role in human neurodevelopment. Functional validation and identification of additional patients will be essential to establish definitive genotype-phenotype correlations and uncover the mechanistic pathways underlying NAV3-associated disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omic Data Integration Reveals Drug Targets of Skin Fibrosis.","authors":"Zexin Zhang, Shu Li, Xinyue Dai, Cong Li, Pengfei Sun, Jianwen Qu, Haiyue Jiang, Bo Pan","doi":"10.2174/0109298673379521250630140948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673379521250630140948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Scar heterogeneity, encompassing normal scar (NS) and pathological scars [hypertrophic scar (HS) and keloids], emerges from the dynamic interplay between systemic immune responses and local tissue microenvironment, highlighting the urgent need for drugs targeting different types of scars through both dimensions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from DECODE and EQTLGen databases were used as exposure variables at the protein and mRNA levels in the blood, and data from GTEx and ScQTLbase as exposure variables at the tissue and single-cell levels. Two sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) studies were conducted at the systemic, local, and single-cell levels. The outcome variables were based on the NS, HS, and keloid cohorts in the authoritative FinnGen database. The results were ascertained using seven MR methods, including inverse-variance weighting (IVW), Wald ratio, weighted median, weighted mode, simple median, MR-Egger, and Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR). Single-cell RNA-seq data were leveraged to validate the expression profiles and functions of the drug targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NUDT2, ATXN3, OGN, UROS, and TSG101 were significantly associated with keloids, while PARK7 and MZT2A showed a significant correlation with HSs, and CDCP1 was significantly linked to NSs. Among them, RNA and protein expression levels of NUDT2 and PARK7 demonstrated significant positive associations with keloids and HSs, respectively, at the blood, skin, and single-cell levels. Functional analysis revealed that the higher expression of NUDT2 was associated with angiogenesis and the cellular response to hormone stimuli, whereas PARK7 was involved in the organization of collagen fibrils and the extracellular matrix structure. Moreover, single-cell sequencing confirmed the high expression of NUDT2 and PARK7 in keloids and HSs. These findings highlight their potential roles in both systemic and local scar pathogenesis and underscore their promise as therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study identifies scar subtype-specific targets, particularly NUDT2 and PARK7, expanding therapeutic candidates for scar management. Multi-ethnic cohort studies are warranted to validate target universality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, we have identified eight drug targets, with NUDT2 and PARK7 in particular showing potential therapeutic value for keloids and HSs. Additionally, our results suggest the feasibility of both local and systemic drug administrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Profiling of the Ovarian Reserve Using Ultrasound and MRI Data by Comparative Analysis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Kudryavtseva Varvara A, Narasimha M Beeraka, Moiseeva Aleksandra V, Moshkin Andrey S, Gevorgyan Marine M, Vinnik Yurii Yu, Butko Dmitry Yu, Akhila Chagalamari, Padmanabha Reddy Y, Basappa Basappa, Vladimir N Nikolenko","doi":"10.2174/0109298673377087250624142331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673377087250624142331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian reserve reflects the functional capacity of a woman's ovaries, encompassing factors such as follicle quantity, egg quality, and fertilization potential. Assessment of ovarian reserve is essential in reproductive medicine, particularly for fertility evaluation and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). While traditional biochemical markers such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are commonly used, instrumental diagnostic methods like ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide valuable morphological and functional insights. This systematic review without a comprehensive meta-analysis evaluates the role of ultrasound and MRI in assessing ovarian reserve and their potential applications in clinical and research settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases to identify relevant studies evaluating ovarian reserve using ultrasound and MRI. Studies were screened based on predefined inclusion criteria, focusing on imaging parameters such as ovarian volume, follicular count, stromal characteristics, and vascularization. The effectiveness of these imaging techniques was analyzed in comparison to established biochemical markers. Due to heterogeneity in the included studies, a systematic review was performed without a formal meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultrasound, particularly transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS), remains the gold standard for ovarian reserve assessment, allowing real-time visualization of antral follicle count (AFC), ovarian volume, and follicular morphology. Doppler ultrasound provides additional insights into ovarian blood flow, which correlates with follicular development and ovarian function. MRI offers high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging, enabling detailed assessment of ovarian structure, follicular density, and stromal composition. While MRI provides superior soft-tissue contrast, its role in routine ovarian reserve assessment is limited due to cost and accessibility. The findings indicate that although both modalities are valuable for ovarian reserve evaluation, there is no consensus on standardized imaging parameters for defining ovarian functional viability. The available literature also presents inconsistencies in the correlation between imaging findings and ovarian function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound and MRI are essential tools for assessing ovarian reserve, providing complementary morphological and functional data. However, the lack of standardized imaging parameters limits their ability to definitively determine ovarian functional viability. Further research is needed to establish validated diagnostic criteria and integrate imaging techniques with biochemical markers to enhance the accuracy of ovarian reserve assessment in clinical practice and reproductive research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFHD1: A Potential Prognostic Biomarker Related to Mitochondrial Function and Aging in Atherosclerosis Plaque.","authors":"Lin Wang, Yuxiu Han, Yu Qiao, Tao Yan, Zhi Qi, Wei Zhang, Ling Xin, Mingjing Yu, Zhili Chen","doi":"10.2174/0109298673356904250628182630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673356904250628182630","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Atherosclerosis (AS) is prevalent among the elderly population and poses a significant global health burden. However, the precise underlying mechanisms linking aging and mitochondrial dysfunction in AS remain unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Through comprehensive utilization of databases including the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), MitoCarta, Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), and Human Aging Genomic Resources (HAGR), we employed various bioinformatics methods to explore the possible function of EF-hand domain family member D1 (EFHD1). This included the functional enrichment analysis, immune cell infiltration, and the lncRNA-miRNA-EFHD1 network. The validity of EFHD1 was confirmed using additional datasets and through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve evaluation. Lastly, in vitro experiments were conducted using THP-1 cells treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to validate the expression and function of EFHD1 through Western Blot and real-time quantitative PCR analyses. Additionally, in vivo experiments were performed on ApoE-/- mice exhibiting atherosclerotic phenotypes, utilizing immunofluorescence staining.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Totally seven genes associated with aging and mitochondrial function (ALDH3A2, UCP1, BCL2, EFHD1, AHCYL1, HTRA2, and ALDH9A1) were discovered in AS, with EFHD1 identified as the principal hub gene. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that EFHD1 was negatively associated with myeloid suppressor cells (MDSC), activated B cells, and natural killer cells. An evident decline in EFHD1 was noted in unstable or advanced plaques compared to stable or early plaques, accompanied by significant area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 0.917 (GSE100927) and 0.933 (GSE41571). Moreover, we recorded a reduction in EFHD1 expression in AS tissues and macrophages treated with ox-LDL. Following the silencing of EFHD1, TNF-α and IL-1β decreased, while ALODA, PKM2, MMP-9, JAK2, and STAT3 levels were upregulated. Furthermore, levels of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were diminished, while calcium ions and mitochondria levels remained unchanged.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;To date, the common pathogenic genes associated with aging and mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerotic disease have been scarcely investigated. Using bioinformatics approaches, we identified seven hub genes (ALDH3A2, UCP1, BCL2, EFHD1, AHCYL1, HTRA2, and ALDH9A1) related to mitochondrial function and aging. Among these, EFHD1 was determined as the final hub gene. As a calcium sensor, EFHD1 plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial metabolism and has been implicated in the prognosis of various tumors. Our findings demonstrated that EFHD1 knockdown decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, increased JAK2 and STAT3 protein levels, and elevated MMP-9 levels, all of which may contribute to the vulnerability and progression of ather","PeriodicalId":10984,"journal":{"name":"Current medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}