Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity最新文献_第5页

Update on fracture risk assessment in osteoporosis. 骨质疏松症骨折风险评估的最新进展。

IF 2.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000871

Eugene McCloskey, Andre T H Tan, Marian Schini

{"title":"Update on fracture risk assessment in osteoporosis.","authors":"Eugene McCloskey, Andre T H Tan, Marian Schini","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000871","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000871","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The assessment of fracture risk is playing an ever-increasing role in osteoporosis clinical management and informing international guidelines for osteoporosis. FRAX, a fracture risk calculator that provides individualized 10-year probabilities of hip and major osteoporotic fracture, has been widely used since 2008. In this review, we recap the development and limitations of intervention thresholds and the role of absolute fracture risk.Recent findings: There is an increasing awareness of disparities and inequities in the setting of intervention thresholds in osteoporosis. The limitations of the simple use of prior fracture or the DXA-derived BMD T -score threshold are increasingly being discussed; one solution is to use fracture risk or probabilities in the setting of such thresholds. This approach also permits more objective assessment of high and very high fracture risk to enable physicians to make choices not just about the need to treat but what agents to use in individual patients.Summary: Like all clinical tools, FRAX has limitations that need to be considered, but the use of fracture risk in deciding who to treat, when to treat and what agent to use is a mechanism to target treatment equitably to those at an increased risk of fracture.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"141-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypoparathyroidism update. 甲状旁腺功能减退症的最新进展

IF 2.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000868

Cherie Chiang

{"title":"Hypoparathyroidism update.","authors":"Cherie Chiang","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000868","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000868","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Since the release of the 2022 Second International Workshop Evaluation and Management of Hypoparathyroidism Summary Statement and Guidelines, updates and advances are now available in the cause, complications, and treatment of adult chronic hypoparathyroidism (hypoPTH). This review aims to highlight these new findings and implications to patient care.Recent findings: Postsurgical hypoparathyroidism remains the most common cause, immune-related hypoparathyroidism from checkpoint inhibitors is an emerging autoimmune cause. In a large retrospective cohort study of thyroidectomies, incident fracture was lower, particularly in the vertebra, in the hypoPTH cohort, compared with postthyroidectomy control group. Hypercalciuria increases risk for renal calculi in hypoPTH independent of disease duration and treatment dose. Quality of life is impaired in hypoPTH patients on conventional therapy, improvement was noted post-PTH replacement. TranCon PTH phase 3 RCT reported eucalcemia with reduced renal calcium excretion, normalization of bone turn-over markers, stable BMD and improved quality of life.Summary: HypoPTH is a chronic disease associated with significant morbidity and poor Quality of Life. Awareness of treatment targets and follow-up investigations can alleviate patient anxiety regarding over-treatment and under-treatment. Progress in long-acting PTH replacement strategies might provide accessible, feasible alternatives to conventional therapy in brittle hypoPTH patients.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"164-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141064553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insight into the potential of bone turnover biomarkers: integration in the management of osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease-associated osteoporosis. 洞察骨转换生物标志物的潜力：整合骨质疏松症和慢性肾病相关骨质疏松症的管理。

IF 2.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000869

Pauline Brouwers, Antoine Bouquegneau, Etienne Cavalier

{"title":"Insight into the potential of bone turnover biomarkers: integration in the management of osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease-associated osteoporosis.","authors":"Pauline Brouwers, Antoine Bouquegneau, Etienne Cavalier","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000869","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000869","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Disturbances in mineral and bone metabolism occurring in osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease-associated osteoporosis place patients at high risk of fracture making these conditions a major public health concern. Due to the limited use of bone histomorphometry in clinical practice, the gold standard for assessing bone turnover, extensive efforts have been made to identify bone turnover markers (BTMs) as noninvasive surrogates. Since the identification of certain commonly used markers several decades ago, considerable experience has been acquired regarding their clinical utility in such bone disorders.Recent findings: Mounting evidence suggested that BTMs represent a simple, low-risk, rapid and convenient way to obtain data on the skeletal health and that they may be useful in guiding therapeutic choices and monitoring the response to treatment.Summary: BTMs could provide clinicians with useful information, independent from, and often complementary to bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. They have proven valuable for monitoring the effectiveness of osteoporosis therapy, as well as promising for discriminating low and high turnover states. Improved performance is observed when BTMs are combined, which may be useful for selecting treatments for chronic kidney disease-bone mineral disorders (CKD-MBD).","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in fibroblast growth factor 23-related hypophosphatemic disorders. 成纤维细胞生长因子 23 相关低磷血症的最新进展。

IF 2.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000866

Yuichi Takashi, Daiji Kawanami, Seiji Fukumoto

{"title":"Recent advances in fibroblast growth factor 23-related hypophosphatemic disorders.","authors":"Yuichi Takashi, Daiji Kawanami, Seiji Fukumoto","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000866","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000866","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a hormone to reduce blood phosphate concentration. Excessive actions of FGF23 induce FGF23-related hypophosphatemic disorders, such as X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) and tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO). We will summarize recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of FGF23-related hypophosphatemic disorders.Recent findings: The measurement of blood FGF23 is useful to make a diagnosis of FGF23-related hypophosphatemic disorders. It was reported that many patients with FGF23-related hypophosphatemic disorders, especially TIO, were misdiagnosed, therefore, it is necessary to enhance the awareness of these diseases. A novel method to inhibit excessive actions of FGF23 by a human monoclonal antibody for FGF23, burosumab, has been approved in several countries. In more long-term observation than clinical trials, burosumab has also been shown to improve biochemical abnormalities and symptoms of rickets/osteomalacia. Following these advances, several registries and consensus recommendations on FGF23-related hypophosphatemic disorders, especially XLH, have been established in each country or region.Summary: Further long-term effects of burosumab and the precise mechanism of FGF23 overproduction in patients with FGF23-related hypophosphatemic disorders need to be clarified in the future studies.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"170-175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut motility and hormone changes after bariatric procedures. 减肥手术后肠道蠕动和激素的变化。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000860

Khushboo Gala, Wissam Ghusn, Barham K Abu Dayyeh

引用次数: 0

Potassium-competitive acid blockers and acid-related disorders. 钾竞争性酸阻滞剂与酸相关疾病。

IF 2.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000858

Kevin Z Huang, H Christian Weber

{"title":"Potassium-competitive acid blockers and acid-related disorders.","authors":"Kevin Z Huang, H Christian Weber","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000858","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000858","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs) represent a new class of compounds for the treatment of acid-related disorders. Recent FDA approval of the PCAB vonoprazan for erosive esophagitis has started an important new approach to acid-related disorders.Recent findings: Compared to conventional proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), PCABs provide more rapid, potent, and sustained suppression of gastric acid with faster and more durable symptom relief. Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of PCABs for erosive esophagitis, nonerosive reflux disease, and peptic ulcer disease including H. pylori. However, the PCAB vonoprazan was only approved in the US as part of combination therapy for eradication of H. pylori. Clinical trials have now demonstrated noninferiority of vonoprazan to lansoprazole for treatment of erosive esophagitis, particularly noting superiority of vonoprazan in patients with severe esophagitis resulting in FDA approval of vonoprazan for treatment of erosive esophagitis. Emerging data suggests a possible utility of vonoprazan for PPI-resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and on-demand therapy for nonerosive reflux disease. Vonoprazan is generally well tolerated but long-term safety data is not well established.Summary: The PCAB vonoprazan is a newly FDA approved treatment option for erosive esophagitis. Its possible role in PPI-resistant GERD and nonerosive reflux disease warrants further investigation.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"107-114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140119033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut hormones and appetite regulation. 肠道激素与食欲调节

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000859

So-Hyeon Hong, Kyung Mook Choi

{"title":"Gut hormones and appetite regulation.","authors":"So-Hyeon Hong, Kyung Mook Choi","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000859","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000859","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Various gut hormones interact with the brain through delicate communication, thereby influencing appetite and subsequent changes in body weight. This review summarizes the effects of gut hormones on appetite, with a focus on recent research.Recent findings: Ghrelin is known as an orexigenic hormone, whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), cholecystokinin (CCK), postprandial peptide YY (PYY), and oxyntomodulin (OXM) are known as anorexigenic hormones. Recent human studies have revealed that gut hormones act differently in various systems, including adipose tissue, beyond appetite and energy intake, and even involve in high-order thinking. Environmental factors including meal schedule, food contents and quality, type of exercise, and sleep deprivation also play a role in the influence of gut hormone on appetite, weight change, and obesity. Recently published studies have shown that retatrutide, a triple-agonist of GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor, and orforglipron, a GLP-1 receptor partial agonist, are effective in weight loss and improving various metabolic parameters associated with obesity.Summary: Various gut hormones influence appetite, and several drugs targeting these receptors have been reported to exert positive effects on weight loss in humans. Given that diverse dietary and environmental factors affect the actions of gut hormones and appetite, there is a need for integrated and largescale long-term studies in this field.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial overview. 编辑综述。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000861

Horst Christian Weber

引用次数: 0

Editorial introduction. 编辑介绍。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000862

引用次数: 0

The interaction between gut microbiome and bone health. 肠道微生物群与骨骼健康之间的相互作用。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000863

Francesco Inchingolo, Angelo Michele Inchingolo, Fabio Piras, Laura Ferrante, Antonio Mancini, Andrea Palermo, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Gianna Dipalma

引用次数: 0