Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity最新文献_第4页

Potassium-competitive acid blockers and acid-related disorders. 钾竞争性酸阻滞剂与酸相关疾病。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000858

Kevin Z Huang, H Christian Weber

{"title":"Potassium-competitive acid blockers and acid-related disorders.","authors":"Kevin Z Huang, H Christian Weber","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000858","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000858","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs) represent a new class of compounds for the treatment of acid-related disorders. Recent FDA approval of the PCAB vonoprazan for erosive esophagitis has started an important new approach to acid-related disorders.Recent findings: Compared to conventional proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), PCABs provide more rapid, potent, and sustained suppression of gastric acid with faster and more durable symptom relief. Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of PCABs for erosive esophagitis, nonerosive reflux disease, and peptic ulcer disease including H. pylori. However, the PCAB vonoprazan was only approved in the US as part of combination therapy for eradication of H. pylori. Clinical trials have now demonstrated noninferiority of vonoprazan to lansoprazole for treatment of erosive esophagitis, particularly noting superiority of vonoprazan in patients with severe esophagitis resulting in FDA approval of vonoprazan for treatment of erosive esophagitis. Emerging data suggests a possible utility of vonoprazan for PPI-resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and on-demand therapy for nonerosive reflux disease. Vonoprazan is generally well tolerated but long-term safety data is not well established.Summary: The PCAB vonoprazan is a newly FDA approved treatment option for erosive esophagitis. Its possible role in PPI-resistant GERD and nonerosive reflux disease warrants further investigation.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"107-114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140119033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut motility and hormone changes after bariatric procedures. 减肥手术后肠道蠕动和激素的变化。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000860

Khushboo Gala, Wissam Ghusn, Barham K Abu Dayyeh

引用次数: 0

Gut hormones and appetite regulation. 肠道激素与食欲调节

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000859

So-Hyeon Hong, Kyung Mook Choi

{"title":"Gut hormones and appetite regulation.","authors":"So-Hyeon Hong, Kyung Mook Choi","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000859","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000859","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Various gut hormones interact with the brain through delicate communication, thereby influencing appetite and subsequent changes in body weight. This review summarizes the effects of gut hormones on appetite, with a focus on recent research.Recent findings: Ghrelin is known as an orexigenic hormone, whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), cholecystokinin (CCK), postprandial peptide YY (PYY), and oxyntomodulin (OXM) are known as anorexigenic hormones. Recent human studies have revealed that gut hormones act differently in various systems, including adipose tissue, beyond appetite and energy intake, and even involve in high-order thinking. Environmental factors including meal schedule, food contents and quality, type of exercise, and sleep deprivation also play a role in the influence of gut hormone on appetite, weight change, and obesity. Recently published studies have shown that retatrutide, a triple-agonist of GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor, and orforglipron, a GLP-1 receptor partial agonist, are effective in weight loss and improving various metabolic parameters associated with obesity.Summary: Various gut hormones influence appetite, and several drugs targeting these receptors have been reported to exert positive effects on weight loss in humans. Given that diverse dietary and environmental factors affect the actions of gut hormones and appetite, there is a need for integrated and largescale long-term studies in this field.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial overview. 编辑综述。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000861

Horst Christian Weber

引用次数: 0

Editorial introduction. 编辑介绍。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000862

引用次数: 0

The interaction between gut microbiome and bone health. 肠道微生物群与骨骼健康之间的相互作用。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000863

Francesco Inchingolo, Angelo Michele Inchingolo, Fabio Piras, Laura Ferrante, Antonio Mancini, Andrea Palermo, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Gianna Dipalma

引用次数: 0

Health economics of detection and treatment of children with familial hypercholesterolemia: to screen or not to screen is no longer the question. 家族性高胆固醇血症儿童检测和治疗的卫生经济学:筛查或不筛查已不再是问题。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000844

Clara Marquina, Jedidiah I Morton, Zanfina Ademi

{"title":"Health economics of detection and treatment of children with familial hypercholesterolemia: to screen or not to screen is no longer the question.","authors":"Clara Marquina, Jedidiah I Morton, Zanfina Ademi","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000844","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000844","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is one of the most common monogenic disorders and is safely treatable with lipid-lowering medication. However, most individuals with HeFH remain untreated and undetected, especially in paediatric populations where the potential for long-term therapeutic benefit is higher. Here, we review the recent literature on health economic outcomes for the detection and management of FH in children.Recent findings: A targeted literature review identified eight studies evaluating detection and management strategies for paediatric FH populations in the last 25 years. Most studies conducted modelled cost-effectiveness analyses to understand the long-term impact of these strategies on health outcomes and the financial impact on the healthcare system. All studies reported that detection and management of HeFH in paediatric populations was cost-effective, regardless of the age of the children. However, cost-effectiveness varied depending on the method of case ascertainment - targeted screening was generally cheaper overall, but less effective, than whole-of-population screening, although both methods were generally cost-effective.Summary: Detection and management of HeFH in paediatric populations is a cost-effective way to significantly lower the burden of disease later in life for these individuals. These strategies should be implemented across healthcare systems.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"84-89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138175867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing genetic and environmental sources of cardiometabolic disease. 解决心脏代谢疾病的遗传和环境来源。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000855

Gerald F Watts, Dick C Chan

引用次数: 0

APOC3 siRNA and ASO therapy for dyslipidemia. APOC3 siRNA 和 ASO 治疗血脂异常。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000857

Jasmine Chebli, Miriam Larouche, Daniel Gaudet

{"title":"APOC3 siRNA and ASO therapy for dyslipidemia.","authors":"Jasmine Chebli, Miriam Larouche, Daniel Gaudet","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000857","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000857","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The aim of this review is to present the clinical indications of apolipoprotein C-III (apoC3) inhibition in the therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of lipid disorders and associated risks and to compare the most advanced modalities of apoC3 inhibition currently available or in development, specifically APOC3 antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) and small interfering RNA (siRNA).Recent findings: ApoC3 inhibition significantly decreases triglyceride levels by mechanisms coupling both lipoprotein lipase (LPL) upregulation and LPL-independent mechanisms. The main apoC3 inhibitors in advanced clinical development are the GalNAc-ASO olezarsen and the GalNAc-siRNA plozasiran. Clinical studies conducted with volanesorsen, the olezarsen precursor, showed a favorable effect on hepatic steatosis (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD). Olezarsen does not appear to be associated with the main side effects attributed to volanesorsen including thrombocytopenia. Plozasiran is in advanced clinical development and requires subcutaneous injection every 3 months and present to-date an efficacy and safety profile comparable to that of the monthly ASO.Summary: Inhibition of apoC3 is effective across all the spectrum of hypertriglyceridemia, might have a favorable effect on hepatic steatosis (NAFLD) and the effect of apoC3 inhibition on cardiovascular risk is not limited to its effect on plasma triglycerides. APOC3 GalNAc-conjugated ASO and siRNA are both effective in decreasing plasma apoC3 and triglyceride levels.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"70-77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139706350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome. 多因素乳糜微粒血症综合征。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000846

Alan Chait

{"title":"Multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome.","authors":"Alan Chait","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000846","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000846","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The aim of this review was to understand the role of multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MFCS) as a cause of severe hypertriglyceridemia; to distinguish it from other causes of severe hypertriglyceridemia; and to provide a rational approach to treatment.Recent findings: There have been advances in understanding the genetic underpinning of MFCS, and a better appreciation as to how to differentiate it from the much rarer familial chylomicronemia syndrome, in which there are substantial differences in the approach to their treatment. New approaches to triglyceride lowering will help reduce the risk of pancreatitis, the major complication of MFCS.Summary: MCSF is a condition in which plasma triglyceride levels are severely elevated, usually to due exacerbation of common genetic forms of hypertriglyceridemia by secondary causes of hypertriglyceridemia and/or triglyceride-raising drugs. Triglyceride-induced pancreatitis can be prevented by markedly reducing triglyceride levels by treating secondary causes and/or eliminating of triglyceride-raising drugs, and by using triglyceride-lowering drugs, especially fibrates. MFCS also increases cardiovascular disease risk, for which lifestyle measures and drugs are required.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"78-83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138294821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0