Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity最新文献_第4页

The role of the PPAR system in diabetic cardiovascular risk and beyond. PPAR系统在糖尿病心血管风险及其他疾病中的作用。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000943

Massimiliano Ruscica, Chiara Macchi, Alberto Corsini, Cesare R Sirtori

{"title":"The role of the PPAR system in diabetic cardiovascular risk and beyond.","authors":"Massimiliano Ruscica, Chiara Macchi, Alberto Corsini, Cesare R Sirtori","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000943","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000943","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors that regulate metabolic homeostasis and play a key role in the management of a number of metabolic disorders (e.g. diabetes and liver steatosis). This review aims to provide an overview on the impact of the three isoforms, PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ, on diabetic-driven metabolic diseases.Recent findings: The lack of clinical benefit observed in the PROMINENT trial with pemafibrate (a selective PPAR-α agonist) has raised questions regarding the therapeutic potential of PPAR-α activation in the prevention of major cardiovascular events. Conversely, evidence suggests a possible therapeutic role in peripheral artery disease. To reduce the adverse effects occurring consequently to PPAR-γ activation, partial agonists or selective PPAR-γ modulators (SPPARγMs) have been developed. In the context of metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis, pan-PPAR agonism appears necessary to achieve significant improvements in histological endpoints.Summary: These diversified effects, albeit with a limited risk of significant side effects, make PPAR agonists an area of growing interest and with an expanding range of potential applications.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145556442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adjunctive diabetes therapies and cardiovascular protection in type 1 diabetes: tackling the challenging Tchaikovsky piece. 1型糖尿病的辅助糖尿病治疗和心血管保护：解决柴可夫斯基的挑战性作品。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000940

Wei Ting Wang, Wann Jia Loh

{"title":"Adjunctive diabetes therapies and cardiovascular protection in type 1 diabetes: tackling the challenging Tchaikovsky piece.","authors":"Wei Ting Wang, Wann Jia Loh","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000940","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000940","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review aims to discuss the cardiometabolic-renal-glycaemic effects of adjunctive diabetes agents in the management of type 1 diabetes.Recent findings: Recent studies have investigated the effectiveness and safety of adjunctive diabetes agents such as metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in individuals with type 1 diabetes. A rising trend of use of diabetes technology, notably continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) devices, with improvement of glycaemic control, is observed. Questions arise whether these adjunctive diabetes agents and technologies confer cardiometabolic protective effects in patients with type 1 diabetes.Summary: The most widely studied adjunctive diabetes agent for type 1 diabetes is metformin. Meta-analyses suggest that metformin modestly improves glucose control, weight, lipid profile, and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 1 diabetes and mild obesity. SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to modestly improve glycaemic control, weight, and blood pressure but are associated with increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis in individuals with type 1 diabetes. The use of GLP-1 RA in type 1 diabetes with mild obesity provided modest HbA1c and weight reduction, but gastrointestinal side effects were common. The results of the ongoing phase 3 clinical trial of finerenone study in type 1 diabetes on chronic kidney disease progression are awaited. Observational studies suggest that CSII and CGM may also reduce cardiovascular events and hospitalizations in patients with type 1 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Obesity and infertility: a double whammy. 肥胖和不孕：双重打击。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000944

Sairabanu Mohamed Rashid Sokwalla, Swafiya Busaidy, Gautam Das

{"title":"Obesity and infertility: a double whammy.","authors":"Sairabanu Mohamed Rashid Sokwalla, Swafiya Busaidy, Gautam Das","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000944","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000944","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Alongside its impact on cardio-metabolic parameters, obesity has been linked to infertility. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the most current evidence linking male and female obesity and infertility.Recent findings: The risk of infertility affects both sexes: in males, excess adiposity alters the optimal functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, affects function of the testicles and causes disruptions in spermatogenesis and sperm maturation whereas in females, obesity upsets the normal hormonal milieu which negatively impacts ovarian and uterine function leading to anovulation, menstrual irregularities, difficulties in development of embryo and implantation and recurrent miscarriages, especially in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) where hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenemia and other metabolic disruptions are involved.Summary: Numerous studies have established clear links between male and female obesity with infertility and to its pathophysiology and demographics. Evidence on treatment of obesity and impact on fertility outcomes is variable and needs further exploration.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"42-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145631173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can artificial intelligence and wearable technologies transform diabetes foot health? 人工智能和可穿戴技术能改变糖尿病足健康吗？

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000942

Wing May Kong, Farah Saif

{"title":"Can artificial intelligence and wearable technologies transform diabetes foot health?","authors":"Wing May Kong, Farah Saif","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000942","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000942","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Diabetes foot ulcers (DFUs) affect millions globally, and are a global health challenge, contributing significantly to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This review article critically evaluates advances in artificial intelligence and new technologies and their potential to transform diabetes foot complications.Recent findings: Artificial intelligence-based thermal and clinical image analysis offer the potential for early detection, remote diagnosis and monitoring and to mitigate disparities in specialist access. Incorporating novel pressure and temperature sensing, wearable technologies could enhance foot monitoring and enable personalized care and intervention. However, ethical challenges with artificial intelligence, including accountability, limited explainability, data security and equitable access will have to be addressed.Summary: Artificial intelligence and wearable technologies could herald a paradigm shift in diabetes foot health and research. However, these exciting tools are not yet ready for adoption in clinical practice. Larger, well funded clinical intervention studies and greater collaboration between clinicians, artificial intelligence scientists and product engineers, working in partnership with people with diabetes, is needed if these approaches are to fulfil their potential.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145631143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging concepts in the diagnosis and management of metabolically associated steatotic liver disease. 代谢相关脂肪变性肝病诊断和治疗的新概念

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000935

Sambit Das, Khushboo Agarwal, Nitin Kapoor, Om J Lakhani, Arundhati Das Gupta

{"title":"Emerging concepts in the diagnosis and management of metabolically associated steatotic liver disease.","authors":"Sambit Das, Khushboo Agarwal, Nitin Kapoor, Om J Lakhani, Arundhati Das Gupta","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000935","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000935","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Given the global rise of MASLD, which impacts approximately one-third of the population, there is a need for earlier diagnosis and effective treatment strategies to avoid long-term hepatic cardiovascular and renal complications. This review summarizes the recent advances in noninvasive diagnosis and new pharmacological agents approved for MASLD.Recent findings: The main step forward in diagnostics is a step away from invasive biopsy and emphasis on noninvasive methods including serum biomarkers (e.g. CK-18 and FGF21), imaging (e.g. MRI-PDFF and US-FLI), combination of the two and use of artificial intelligence and machine learning models, for early detection and risk stratification of MASLD and MASH. Multiomics approaches, such as metabolomics and lipidomics, reveal disease-specific signatures, and may help with phenotypic classification of MASLD. Personalized management for MASLD include gut microbiota modulation and point-of-care devices for rapid diagnosis. Novel therapies include THR β agonists, GLP-1/dual GLP-1/GIP agonists, FXR agonists and FGF analogues, which show promise in reducing hepatic fat and fibrosis.Summary: These findings enable earlier MASLD diagnosis and tailored interventions, improving clinical outcomes in primary care and resource-limited settings. Future research should focus on validating cost-effective tools, and developing combination therapies to address the multifaceted nature of MASLD.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"269-278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000930

Sourabh Sharma, Alok Sharma, Nitin Kapoor, Neha Sharma, Ponnusamy Saravanan, Sanjay Kalra

{"title":"Obesity-related glomerulopathy: a lesser known complication of obesity.","authors":"Sourabh Sharma, Alok Sharma, Nitin Kapoor, Neha Sharma, Ponnusamy Saravanan, Sanjay Kalra","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000930","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000930","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Obesity is a global health concern and is intricately linked to cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. While its causal association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has also been recognized, this entity has not been discussed extensively. Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is pathologically a secondary form of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which typically presents clinically with subnephrotic proteinuria, and histopathologically as glomerulomegaly, and the perihilar variant of FSGS.Recent findings: This review discusses the latest update on pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, prevention, staging, and management of ORG. Special emphasis is placed on diagnostic criteria distinguishing ORG from other FSGS variants and CKD aetiologies.Summary: While obesity can impact renal health, renal status influences choice of antiobesity medication as well. Early recognition and intervention are critical to preventing progression to end-stage kidney disease.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"258-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personalizing therapy in early gestational diabetes. 妊娠早期糖尿病的个体化治疗。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000931

Simran Thakkar, Ponnusamy Saravanan, Lakshmi Nagendra, Saptarshi Bhattacharya

{"title":"Personalizing therapy in early gestational diabetes.","authors":"Simran Thakkar, Ponnusamy Saravanan, Lakshmi Nagendra, Saptarshi Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000931","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000931","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Early gestational diabetes mellitus (eGDM) is being increasingly detected on the background of rising obesity rates and widespread early pregnancy screening. However, diagnostic criteria and management strategies remain uncertain. This review summarizes current evidence on diagnostic thresholds, maternal and fetal outcomes, and the impact of early treatment, with an emphasis on balancing benefits and risks.Recent findings: While observational studies link eGDM to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, evidence from intervention studies remains limited. The Treatment of Booking Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (TOBOGM) is the only large multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) published till date. The early intervention arm in the study received education on dietary counseling and capillary blood glucose monitoring, with pharmacotherapy using insulin or metformin introduced when indicated. The trial reported that treatment before 14 weeks reduced neonatal respiratory distress in higher glycemic bands but increased the risk of small-for-gestational-age state at lower glycemic bands. Notably, one-third of the untreated control group reverted to normoglycemia at 24-28 weeks. Given the uncertainties in diagnostic thresholds used in TOBOGM, a composite risk score-based approach integrating clinical and biochemical parameters may provide an alternative for identifying pregnancies in need of intervention.Summary: Current diagnostic criteria may not identify eGDM pregnancies that would benefit from intervention. Redefining diagnostic thresholds and integrating them with clinical risk factors could categorize pregnancies in need of intervention. Appropriately designed RCTs are required to generate evidence for accurate identification and optimal treatment of eGDM.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"241-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Obesity during pregnancy: contemporary evidence and clinical implications. 妊娠期肥胖：当代证据和临床意义

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000936

Rashi Agrawal, Tejal Lathia

{"title":"Obesity during pregnancy: contemporary evidence and clinical implications.","authors":"Rashi Agrawal, Tejal Lathia","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000936","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000936","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Obesity during pregnancy is a growing global health concern with implications for maternal, fetal, and intergenerational outcomes. This review highlights pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical risks, and evidence-based management strategies across the preconception, antenatal, and postpartum periods.Recent findings: Maternal obesity amplifies pregnancy-associated insulin resistance, disrupts adipokine balance, and promotes inflammation, placental hormone dysregulation, and aberrant mTOR signaling. These mechanisms increase risks of gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, cesarean delivery, and macrosomia. Epigenetic modifications contribute to fetal metabolic programming, raising offspring risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Recent advances emphasize early risk stratification using continuous glucose monitoring, lipid and inflammatory biomarkers, and integration of telehealth-based lifestyle interventions. Precision medicine and microbiome-targeted therapies represent emerging frontiers.Summary: Management of obesity in pregnancy requires a continuum of care. Preconception optimization through lifestyle interventions and, in select cases, bariatric surgery improves outcomes. Antenatal care demands individualized metabolic monitoring, adherence to gestational weight gain targets, and pharmacologic interventions such as metformin when indicated. Postpartum priorities include structured weight management, diabetes prevention, and lactation support. Multidisciplinary, culturally tailored strategies are essential to mitigate the global burden of maternal obesity and its intergenerational consequences.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"286-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Approach to premenopausal osteoporosis. 绝经前骨质疏松症的治疗方法。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000938

Khushboo Agarwal, Lakshmi Nagendra, Saptarshi Bhattacharya

{"title":"Approach to premenopausal osteoporosis.","authors":"Khushboo Agarwal, Lakshmi Nagendra, Saptarshi Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000938","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000938","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Premenopausal osteoporosis, characterized by low bone mass and fractures, is rare but poses long-term skeletal risks. Unlike postmenopausal osteoporosis, it often stems from inadequate peak bone mass accrual or secondary causes such as systemic diseases, medications, or lifestyle factors. This review explores contemporary approaches to defining, diagnosing, and treating low bone mass and osteoporosis in premenopausal women.Recent findings: Prevalence varies according to ethnicity and is further influenced by the diagnostic criteria, with higher risks in Caucasian and Asian women. Key determinants of peak bone mass achieved by the late 20 s include genetics (60-80% of variability), nutrition (calcium, vitamin D, and protein), lifestyle (exercise, smoking, and alcohol), and occupational exposures (e.g., heavy metals and sedentary work). Pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis also cause transient bone loss, particularly in high-risk individuals. Bone mineral density by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is the gold standard for diagnosis despite of certain limitations. Additionally, emerging technologies like radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry show promise. Management focuses on optimizing bone health through adequate nutrition, weight-bearing exercises, and addressing secondary causes, when present like rheumatoid arthritis, long-term glucocorticoid use, hypogonadism, etc. Pharmacological options such as bisphosphonates and teriparatide can be considered in high-risk cases, but evidence on their safety and efficacy in premenopausal women is limited, and concerns about teratogenicity remain.Summary: Early identification and intervention are critical to reduce fracture risk, emphasizing the need for better diagnostic tools and individualized treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"251-257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on body composition. GLP-1受体激动剂对机体成分的影响。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000934

Akhila Bhandarkar, Sowrabha Bhat, Nitin Kapoor

{"title":"Effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on body composition.","authors":"Akhila Bhandarkar, Sowrabha Bhat, Nitin Kapoor","doi":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000934","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000934","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Obesity is present in up to 85% of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and poses a major therapeutic challenge. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), initially developed for T2DM, are now widely used for obesity management and increasingly recognized for their impact on body composition beyond weight reduction. This review summarizes evidence on the effects of GLP-1RAs, particularly semaglutide and liraglutide, on fat mass, lean body mass (LBM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and resting energy expenditure (REE).Recent findings: Clinical trials and meta-analyses show GLP-1RAs achieve marked fat mass loss, preferentially reducing VAT, with modest proportional declines in LBM. Despite reductions in absolute LBM, relative preservation or improvement is observed, and REE is largely maintained, with some reports of increases during prolonged therapy. In both diabetic and nondiabetic populations, GLP-1RAs improve metabolic health without accelerating sarcopenia. Rodent data support protective muscle effects through anti-inflammatory and myogenic mechanisms. Withdrawal, however, predictably results in weight regain, primarily as fat mass, highlighting the importance of continued therapy or supportive lifestyle strategies.Summary: GLP-1RAs confer favourable body composition outcomes, with clinical implications for obesity, sarcopenic obesity, and broader metabolic disease management.","PeriodicalId":10964,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes and Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"279-285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0