Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS最新文献_第10页

The innovative use of qualitative and mixed methods research to advance improvements along the HIV prevention and care continua. 创新地使用定性和混合方法研究，以推进艾滋病毒预防和护理方面的改进。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000720

Emily A Arnold, Chadwick K Campbell, Kimberly A Koester

{"title":"The innovative use of qualitative and mixed methods research to advance improvements along the HIV prevention and care continua.","authors":"Emily A Arnold, Chadwick K Campbell, Kimberly A Koester","doi":"10.1097/COH.0000000000000720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COH.0000000000000720","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Despite enormous advances in prevention and care modalities, HIV continues to burden populations around the globe and is largely driven by social and behavioral processes. Mixed methods and qualitative research endeavors are best suited to uncovering and making sense of these dynamics, producing unique and actionable findings to alleviate the burden of HIV. We reviewed the global literature published on PubMed from 2020 to 2021 to identify studies that produced new insights into the social and behavioral dynamics that drive the HIV epidemic, focusing on mixed methods or purely qualitative study designs.Recent findings: Mixed methods and qualitative studies have revealed important nuances in the social and behavioral dynamics associated with the HIV prevention and care continua, from preexposure prophylaxis uptake and adherence to engagement in HIV care and treatment, and have important implications for attaining goals for controlling the epidemic.Summary: Articles reviewed contribute to advancing our understanding of complex social dynamics, structural level factors such as healthcare systems and policy, as well as the research endeavor itself and the need to diversify and sustain research to truly represent the perspectives of those most impacted by HIV. Numerous studies represent the unique ability of qualitative and mixed methods research to expand our understanding of and empathy for individuals living with and affected by HIV, offering new insights to help alleviate the burden of HIV.","PeriodicalId":10949,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS","volume":"17 2","pages":"106-111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10194690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Promise, perils and cautious optimism: the next frontier in long-acting modalities for the treatment and prevention of HIV. 希望、危险和谨慎乐观：治疗和预防艾滋病毒长效模式的下一个前沿。

IF 4.5 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000723

Morgan M Philbin, Amaya Perez-Brumer

{"title":"Promise, perils and cautious optimism: the next frontier in long-acting modalities for the treatment and prevention of HIV.","authors":"Morgan M Philbin, Amaya Perez-Brumer","doi":"10.1097/COH.0000000000000723","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COH.0000000000000723","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This paper provides a critical review of recent therapeutic advances in long-acting (LA) modalities for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment and prevention.Recent findings: LA injectable antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been approved in the United States, Canada and Europe; the United States also has approved LA injectable preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and the World Health Organization has recommended the vaginal PrEP ring. Current LA PrEP modalities in clinical trials include injections, films, rings, and implants; LA ART modalities in trials include subcutaneous injections and long-term oral pills. Although LA modalities hold incredible promise, global availability is inhibited by long-standing multilevel perils including declining multilateral funding, patent protections and lack of political will. Once available, access and uptake are limited by factors such as insurance coverage, clinic access, labor markets, stigma, and structural racism and sexism. These must be addressed to facilitate equitable access for all.Summary: There have been tremendous recent advances in the efficacy of LA ART and PrEP modalities, providing renewed hope that 'ending the HIV epidemic' is within reach. However, pervasive socio-structural inequities limit the promise of LA modalities, highlighting the need for cautious optimism in light of the embedded inequities in the trajectory of research, development, and population-level implementation.","PeriodicalId":10949,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS","volume":"17 2","pages":"72-88"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b6/19/cohiv-17-72.PMC8915989.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10141319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Doravirine: its role in HIV treatment. 多拉韦林:它在艾滋病治疗中的作用。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000709

Alexander J Stockdale, Saye Khoo

{"title":"Doravirine: its role in HIV treatment.","authors":"Alexander J Stockdale, Saye Khoo","doi":"10.1097/COH.0000000000000709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COH.0000000000000709","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: We reviewed evidence concerning the novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor doravirine, aiming to identify situations where it may be selected in preference to integrase inhibitors.Recent findings: Doravirine is licenced for the treatment of HIV-1 in North America and Europe. In two multicentre randomized controlled trials, noninferiority with comparator drugs efavirenz and darunavir/ritonavir was observed at 96 weeks. Doravirine is associated with a lower incidence of neuropsychiatric side effects relative to efavirenz, and favourable lipid changes relative to darunavir over 96 weeks. A lower incidence of weight gain, relative to indirect comparisons with integrase inhibitors, was observed. Doravirine has a high genetic barrier to resistance with retained activity in the presence of single NNRTI mutations K103N, Y181C and G190A. Primary drug resistance is infrequent and may be higher in South Africa relative to European populations. Doravirine may be used in renal or hepatic impairment and has a low potential for drug-drug interactions.Summary: Doravirine is a well tolerated and effective agent in ART-naive patients. Direct comparison with integrase inhibitors, and evidence on the outcomes of treatment with doravirine in the presence of prior NNRTI experience are required to better elucidate which patients will benefit most from doravirine therapy.","PeriodicalId":10949,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS","volume":"17 1","pages":"4-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10138346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000714

引用次数: 0

Lenacapavir: a first-in-class HIV-1 capsid inhibitor. Lenacapavir:一流的HIV-1衣壳抑制剂。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000713

Hadas Dvory-Sobol, Naveed Shaik, Christian Callebaut, Martin S Rhee

引用次数: 34

Fostemsavir: a first-in-class HIV-1 attachment inhibitor. Fostemsavir:一种一流的HIV-1附着抑制剂。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000712

Philip M Grant, Michael J Kozal

引用次数: 4

Editorial: New drugs for HIV: quo vadis? 社论:艾滋病新药:现状如何?

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000710

Charles W Flexner, Angela Kashuba

引用次数: 0

A new paradigm for antiretroviral delivery: long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine for the treatment and prevention of HIV. 抗逆转录病毒递送的新范例:长效卡博特韦和利匹韦林用于治疗和预防艾滋病毒。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000708

Sara H Bares, Kimberly K Scarsi

{"title":"A new paradigm for antiretroviral delivery: long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine for the treatment and prevention of HIV.","authors":"Sara H Bares, Kimberly K Scarsi","doi":"10.1097/COH.0000000000000708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COH.0000000000000708","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV) is the first long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (ART) option approved for virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1. In addition, long-acting CAB is a promising agent for HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). This review focuses on phase 3 clinical trial results and implementation considerations for these long-acting ART and PrEP strategies.Recent findings: Long-acting CAB and RPV administered every 4 weeks demonstrated noninferiority to oral ART through week 96 in both the ATLAS and FLAIR studies, whereas ATLAS-2M found similar efficacy through 96 weeks when the long-acting injectable ART was administered every 8 weeks instead of every 4 weeks. For prevention, two phase 3 trials were stopped early due to fewer incident HIV infections in participants receiving long-acting CAB every 8 weeks compared with daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-emtricitabine for PrEP. The long-acting therapies were well tolerated across all clinical trials.Summary: Clinical trial results support the use of long-acting CAB for HIV PrEP and long-acting CAB and RPV as a switch strategy for adults with HIV-1 who are first virologically suppressed with oral ART. Implementation challenges persist, and data are urgently needed in populations who may benefit most from long-acting therapy, including adolescents, pregnant individuals, and those with barriers to medication adherence.","PeriodicalId":10949,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS","volume":"17 1","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3a/25/cohiv-17-22.PMC8694245.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10492914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Cardiovascular toxicity of contemporary antiretroviral therapy. 当代抗逆转录病毒治疗的心血管毒性。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000702

Alinda G Vos, W D F Venter

{"title":"Cardiovascular toxicity of contemporary antiretroviral therapy.","authors":"Alinda G Vos, W D F Venter","doi":"10.1097/COH.0000000000000702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COH.0000000000000702","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: HIV treatment has evolved since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the 1990s. Earlier treatment strategies, and the introduction of integrase inhibitors in preferred first-line ART have fundamentally changed cardiovascular side effects due to HIV infection and ART. This review provides an update on cardiovascular toxicity of contemporary ART.Recent findings: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, including heart failure, is still increased in people living with HIV (PLWH). Exposure to older antiretrovirals, including stavudine and zidovudine, still impact on CVD risk through persistent changes in body fat distribution years after discontinuation. Protease inhibitors (PI) and efavirenz have associated metabolic disturbances and increased risk of CVD, although use is decreasing worldwide. Integrase inhibitors and CCR5 antagonists seem to have negligible immediate CVD toxicity. Weight gain on newer antiretrovirals including integrase inhibitors is a reason for concern.Summary: CVD risk should be monitored carefully in PLWH who were exposed to first generation ART, efavirenz or to PIs. Registries should capture ART use and CVD events to stay informed on actual clinical risk in the current era of rapid initiation on integrase inhibitor-based ART.","PeriodicalId":10949,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS","volume":"16 6","pages":"286-291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10129201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

The intersection of drug interactions and adverse reactions in contemporary antiretroviral therapy. 当代抗逆转录病毒治疗中药物相互作用和不良反应的交叉。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000701

Salin Nhean, Alice Tseng, David Back

{"title":"The intersection of drug interactions and adverse reactions in contemporary antiretroviral therapy.","authors":"Salin Nhean, Alice Tseng, David Back","doi":"10.1097/COH.0000000000000701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COH.0000000000000701","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have transformed HIV infection into a chronic and manageable condition. The introduction of potent and more tolerable antiretrovirals (ARVs) with favorable pharmacokinetic profiles has changed the prevalence and nature of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Here, we review the relevance of DDIs in the era of contemporary ART.Recent findings: Management of DDIs remains an important challenge with modern ART, primarily due to increased polypharmacy in older persons living with HIV. Significant DDIs exist between boosted ARVs or older nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and comedications for chronic comorbidities (e.g., anticoagulants, antiplatelets, statins) or complex conditions (e.g., anticancer agents, immunosuppressants). Newer ARVs such as unboosted integrase inhibitors, doravirine, and fostemsavir have reduced DDI potential, but there are clinically relevant DDIs that warrant consideration. Potential consequences of DDIs include increased toxicity and/or reduced efficacy of ARVs and/or comedications. Management approaches include switching to an ARV with less DDI potential, changing comedications, or altering medication dosage or dosing frequency. Deprescribing strategies can reduce DDIs and polypharmacy, improve adherence, minimize unnecessary adverse effects, and prevent medication-related errors.Summary: Management of DDIs requires close interdisciplinary collaboration from multiple healthcare disciplines (medicine, nursing, pharmacy) across a spectrum of care (community, outpatient, inpatient).","PeriodicalId":10949,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS","volume":"16 6","pages":"292-302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10194683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4