Current HIV/AIDS Reports最新文献

A Guide to the Evolving Clinical Landscape of Low-Level Viremia Among Persons with HIV in the Modern Treatment Era. 现代治疗时代HIV感染者低水平病毒血症临床发展指南

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00743-2

Amalia Aldredge, Corrina Patel, Anandi N Sheth, Lauren F Collins

{"title":"A Guide to the Evolving Clinical Landscape of Low-Level Viremia Among Persons with HIV in the Modern Treatment Era.","authors":"Amalia Aldredge, Corrina Patel, Anandi N Sheth, Lauren F Collins","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00743-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00743-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Low-level viremia (LLV) remains common in the modern HIV treatment era. We sought to clarify a unified definition of LLV, examine current LLV risk factors, assess outcomes for people with LLV, explore sex and gender differences, and evaluate management updates for people who develop LLV.Recent findings: There continue to be varied definitions of LLV without standardization, making comparison of clinical research findings challenging. Potential LLV risk factors have expanded and early data suggest that poor antiretroviral therapy adherence is unlikely to be the cause of most LLV; further, integrase strand transfer inhibitor use may be protective. Recent studies confirm that LLV is associated with virologic failure among other negative outcomes including a trend toward development of non-AIDS comorbidities; these effects may be more pronounced among women. Additional research, including randomized clinical trials, evaluating different strategies for managing LLV is urgently needed to prevent negative outcomes in persons with HIV.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Peer-Led Adjunctive Interventions for Increasing the Reach of HIV Prevention and Care Interventions to Latino/x/e Men Who Have Sex with Men: a Scoping Review. 修正：以同伴为主导的辅助干预措施，增加拉丁裔/x/e男男性行为者艾滋病预防和护理干预的覆盖面：一项范围审查。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00747-y

Jahn Jaramillo, Jennifer V Chavez, Michaela E Larson, Audrey Harkness

引用次数: 0

An Update on the Clinical Management of HIV and Tuberculosis Co-Infection in Pregnancy: TB Preventative Therapy, Long-Acting ARVs, and Bedaquiline-Based Regimens. 妊娠期HIV和结核病合并感染的临床管理进展：结核病预防治疗、长效抗逆转录病毒药物和以贝达喹啉为基础的治疗方案。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00746-z

Tim Crocker-Buque, Michael A Moso, Justin T Denholm, Kasha P Singh

{"title":"An Update on the Clinical Management of HIV and Tuberculosis Co-Infection in Pregnancy: TB Preventative Therapy, Long-Acting ARVs, and Bedaquiline-Based Regimens.","authors":"Tim Crocker-Buque, Michael A Moso, Justin T Denholm, Kasha P Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00746-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-025-00746-z","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This update addresses HIV/TB co-infection management in pregnancy, focusing on new treatment options.Recent findings: Pregnancy with HIV increases TB risk and worsens treatment outcomes. While long-acting antiretroviral therapies (LA-ART) like cabotegravir/rilpivirine and lenacapavir exist, data on their safety and efficacy in pregnant individuals are limited. Treating both HIV and TB is crucial, but pregnancy's physiological changes complicate drug management. Standard ART and TB preventive therapy (TPT) with isoniazid are recommended after excluding active TB, despite some concerns about adverse outcomes when combined with ARV treatment. For active drug-resistant TB, the new 6-month BPaLM regimen (bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid, moxifloxacin) is not recommended in pregnancy due to limited safety data on pretomanid. Instead, a 9-month regimen is preferred, though bedaquiline and pretomanid are likely safe. More research on these new therapies in pregnant populations is needed. While standard ART remains the recommended approach for HIV/TB co-infection in pregnancy, further research is crucial to establish the safety and efficacy of newer LA-ART and bedaquiline-based TB regimens in this high-risk population. Concerns around the safety of TPT in pregnancy remain unanswered and further prospective research is urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HIV and Pregnancy: Navigating Complex Decision Making and Preventing Perinatal Transmission. 艾滋病毒和妊娠：导航复杂决策和预防围产期传播。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00745-0

William R Short, Elizabeth D Lowenthal, Florence Momplaisir, Kathleen M Powis, Rachel K Scott, Lynn M Yee, Emily S Miller, Lynne M Mofenson

{"title":"HIV and Pregnancy: Navigating Complex Decision Making and Preventing Perinatal Transmission.","authors":"William R Short, Elizabeth D Lowenthal, Florence Momplaisir, Kathleen M Powis, Rachel K Scott, Lynn M Yee, Emily S Miller, Lynne M Mofenson","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00745-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-025-00745-0","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The objective of this review is to examine the intersection of pregnancy and HIV, focusing on birthing person and fetal health outcomes, prevention of perinatal HIV transmission, and the latest advancements in treatment and care in the United States. It highlights current guidelines, challenges in management, and future directions for improving outcomes.Recent findings: HIV treatment guidelines continue to highlight key principles for the choice of antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy, challenges, and strategies for adherence support. Guidelines have been updated to reflect patient-centered counseling to support shared decision making about infant feeding. Counseling should begin prior to pregnancy, and be reviewed throughout pregnancy, again at delivery, and throughout the periods when breast/chestfeeding occurs. ART use during pregnancy has significantly reduced perinatal HIV transmission. Ongoing research and collaboration are vital to addressing remaining challenges. Prioritizing maternal and infant health ensures that ART not only prevents transmission but also improves future health for families affected by HIV.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current Status of HIV-Stigma Reduction Interventions: A Need to Address the Root Causes at Multiple Levels. 减少艾滋病毒污名化干预措施的现状：需要在多个层面解决根本原因。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00740-5

Déjà N Clement, Christopher Chiu, Pamela Ruiz, Abigail W Batchelder

{"title":"Current Status of HIV-Stigma Reduction Interventions: A Need to Address the Root Causes at Multiple Levels.","authors":"Déjà N Clement, Christopher Chiu, Pamela Ruiz, Abigail W Batchelder","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00740-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00740-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Stigma and discrimination remain critical determinants of HIV inequities among people with and vulnerable to HIV (PWAVH), as they are key drivers of HIV outcomes by restricting access to health-enabling resources.Recent findings: As the preponderance of HIV-related stigma interventions have mostly targeted individual and/or interpersonal psycho-social spheres, there remains a critical need for increased HIV-related stigma interventions at community and structural levels concurrently. Structural and multi-level HIV stigma interventions, though challenging to implement and underfunded, may be more effective in reducing HIV-related stigma by targeting underlying systemic issues perpetuating inequitable access to social determinants of health. Eradicating HIV and overcoming HIV-related stigma will require systemic changes intended to pursue health equity. This commentary emphasizes expanding our focus from developing interventions that not only reduce the ramifications of stigma but also work to eradicate stigma through multi-level efforts, including structural change.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Future of bNAbs in HIV Treatment. bnab在HIV治疗中的未来

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00744-1

Pablo Tebas

{"title":"Future of bNAbs in HIV Treatment.","authors":"Pablo Tebas","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00744-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-025-00744-1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) represent a novel approach to HIV treatment, prevention, and cure strategies. As research advances, the clinical application of bNAbs continues to evolve. This review explores the potential role of bNAbs in HIV management, addressing their mechanisms of action, current limitations, and future directions.Recent findings: Recent studies have demonstrated that bNAbs can effectively neutralize a broad range of HIV strains by targeting conserved epitopes on the viral envelope. Clinical trials have shown that bNAb combinations can maintain viral supression in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART), though pre-existing resistance remains a major challenge. Strategies such as Fc engineering and alternative delivery mechanisms (e.g., AAV, mRNA, DNA) are being explored to enhance bNAb efficacy and durability. Despite promising data, bNAbs have not yet demonstrated superior effectiveness compared to existing ART or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) options. While bNAbs offer exciting possibilities for long-acting HIV therapy, their widespread use is limited by logistical challenges, high production costs, and pre-existing viral resistance. The future of bNAbs may lie in combination strategies with small-molecule antiretrovirals in maintenance strategies, genetic delivery systems, and vaccine-based approaches to induce endogenous bNAb production. Further research is needed to refine these strategies and determine the optimal role of bNAbs in HIV care.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing HIV Prevention Efforts in the Criminal Legal System: A Comprehensive Review and Recommendations. 在刑事法律体系中加强艾滋病毒预防工作：全面审查和建议。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00737-0

Karen A Johnson, Alexander J Perkins, Charity Obuya, Sherron K Wilkes

{"title":"Enhancing HIV Prevention Efforts in the Criminal Legal System: A Comprehensive Review and Recommendations.","authors":"Karen A Johnson, Alexander J Perkins, Charity Obuya, Sherron K Wilkes","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00737-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00737-0","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite encouraging declines in the overall rate of new transmission globally, HIV prevention efforts targeting individuals in the criminal legal system continue to significantly lag behind rates identified in the general population. Prevention efforts targeting this group worldwide remain geographically uneven and differ across the continuum of legal system involvement (diversion, arrests, community supervision, and post-release), which is attributed to social, structural, and systemic barriers. These gaps are noted to disproportionately impact minoritized and other transmission-burdened populations within the criminal legal system (e.g., men who have sex with men).Objective: Given these challenges, this literature review examines HIV prevention efforts targeting individuals in the criminal legal system across the globe.Methods: This review identifies current reach and gaps in prevention care and proposes strategies for improvement.Results: Recommendations include updating and utilizing long-term platforms for sustained HIV prevention interventions, developing a global compendium for regions outside the U.S., enhancing targeted interventions in high-risk areas, and integrating HIV prevention with other health services while addressing stigma.Conclusions: These actions are critical for ensuring that interventions remain up-to-date, sustainable, and culturally responsive, effectively addressing the unique needs of diverse populations and criminal legal system contexts. These measures are also vital for meeting the U.N. 95-95-95 targets for HIV testing, treatment, and viral suppression, ultimately contributing to the goal of ending the HIV epidemic among this high-need population.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapy for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review. 长效注射抗逆转录病毒治疗人类免疫缺陷病毒的研究进展

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00741-4

Jennie E Johnson, Amy L Brotherton, Michael R Rossi, Martha C Sanchez, Curt G Beckwith

{"title":"Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapy for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review.","authors":"Jennie E Johnson, Amy L Brotherton, Michael R Rossi, Martha C Sanchez, Curt G Beckwith","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00741-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00741-4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Long-acting injectable (LAI) antiretroviral therapy (ART) for treatment of HIV-1 are approved both as a complete treatment regimen (cabotegravir/rilpivirine) and as an additional treatment option (lenacapavir) for those with multidrug resistant HIV-1. Here, we review the data supporting these approvals, pharmacokinetics, and additional patient populations that many benefit from LAI ART.Recent findings: Persons with HIV and adherence challenges as well as those in low-and-middle income countries have high rates of adherence and viral suppression with LAI ART. LAI cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) offers an alternative treatment approach to daily oral ART for people with HIV-1 infection that is associated with high rates of patient satisfaction when compared to daily oral ART. LAI CAB/RPV is currently only approved in those with HIV-1 viral suppression, however recent data support the use of LAI ART in populations with adherence challenges. Furthermore, given high rates of NNRTI resistance globally, CAB/RPV is not recommended in low-and-middle income countries presently, although this recommendation is likely to change based on recently published data. More research is needed among groups that may benefit from long-acting treatments for HIV-1.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving Communication: A Narrative Synthesis of Interventions for HIV Disclosure to Pediatric Populations. 改善沟通：向儿科人群披露艾滋病毒干预措施的叙述综合。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00742-3

Emmanuel Kumah, Dorothy Serwaa Boakye, Richard Boateng, Godfred Otchere, Eunice Agyei, Peter Bachela Ndewini

{"title":"Improving Communication: A Narrative Synthesis of Interventions for HIV Disclosure to Pediatric Populations.","authors":"Emmanuel Kumah, Dorothy Serwaa Boakye, Richard Boateng, Godfred Otchere, Eunice Agyei, Peter Bachela Ndewini","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00742-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00742-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: HIV remains a significant global public health concern, affecting millions worldwide, including children. Disclosure of HIV status to infected children holds several benefits, yet rates of disclosure remain low, posing challenges globally. Whereas existing interventions and strategies offering insights into the process of HIV disclosure to pediatric populations are sparse, there is a gap in synthesizing these approaches comprehensively to shed light on effective practices and areas requiring further research and development. This study aims to address this gap by providing a narrative overview of interventions and strategies utilized to empower parents, caregivers, and healthcare providers in the process of disclosing HIV status to children living with HIV.Recent findings: Our review of 26 publications identified various pediatric HIV disclosure interventions and strategies, including provider-informed frameworks, process-oriented models, and multidisciplinary approaches. Common themes that emerged include developmental appropriateness, gradual disclosure, education through visual aids, training and capacity building, cultural sensitivity, and post-disclosure monitoring and support. Overall, the majority of the interventions and strategies showed positive outcomes in improving disclosure rates and supporting children's well-being. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers, informing strategies to improve communication and support for children living with HIV and their families. By emphasizing the importance of age-appropriate and culturally sensitive disclosure methods, we can strive to enhance the well-being and quality of life for children living with HIV.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Opportunities to Optimize Outcomes of Diagnosis and Treatment of HIV and Syphilis in Pregnancy: the Quest to Eliminate Maternal and Vertical Transmission. 优化妊娠期HIV和梅毒诊断和治疗结果的机会：寻求消除母体传播和垂直传播。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00739-y

Dvora Joseph Davey, Alex de Voux, Natalie Shaetonhodi, Michael Marks, Lisa Frigati, Tendesayi Kufa

{"title":"Opportunities to Optimize Outcomes of Diagnosis and Treatment of HIV and Syphilis in Pregnancy: the Quest to Eliminate Maternal and Vertical Transmission.","authors":"Dvora Joseph Davey, Alex de Voux, Natalie Shaetonhodi, Michael Marks, Lisa Frigati, Tendesayi Kufa","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00739-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00739-y","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is an urgent need to improve interventions for HIV and syphilis in pregnancy to achieve elimination.Results: The tenets of vertical transmission strategies for HIV and syphilis overlap but have varying success due to differences in their transmission dynamics, diagnoses, and treatment. Key principles include prevention of maternal infection, screening and diagnosis early and throughout antenatal care, curative treatment (syphilis), viral load suppression (HIV), early infant diagnosis and treatment (HIV and congenital syphilis). We recommend improved guidelines, provider training and focused research and surveillance, including implementation studies to align HIV and syphilis screening and treatment during pregnancy. Opportunities to integrate syphilis screening and treatment into antenatal and HIV care enable providers to offer comprehensive maternal care.Conclusion: Integrated HIV/syphilis services ensure a cohesive and person-centered approach, improving health outcomes through streamlined, efficient, and family-centered care pathways. We recommend key interventions to reduce HIV and syphilis in pregnancy and prevent vertical transmission.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0