Current HIV/AIDS Reports最新文献

Non-Pharmacological Interventions Addressing Chronic Pain in People Living with HIV.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00734-3

Yumei O Chen, Steven A Safren

{"title":"Non-Pharmacological Interventions Addressing Chronic Pain in People Living with HIV.","authors":"Yumei O Chen, Steven A Safren","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00734-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00734-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Chronic pain affects 25-85% of people living with HIV (PLWH), negatively impacting health behaviors and HIV health outcomes. While opioids are frequently prescribed for pain, there are concerns about side effects and addiction potential, and the current consensus guideline advises against their use as a first-line pain management for this population. Therefore, there is an increasing need for non-pharmacological alternatives and adjunctive interventions. This review aims to examine the characteristics, efficacy, and limitations of existing non-pharmacological approaches to chronic pain management in PLWH to inform clinical practices and future research.Recent findings: A comprehensive literature search identified 13 clinical trials employing cognitive-behavioral techniques, stress management, positive affect enhancement, and complementary medicine approaches (e.g., yoga, acupuncture, hypnosis). These interventions generally showed significant effects with respect to reducing pain intensity and interference in PLWH, with some also addressing and improving depression, substance use, or antiretroviral medication adherence. However, some were pilot trials and others lacked robust methodologies or sufficient follow-up regarding the ability to definitively determine the durability of these benefits. Existing non-pharmacological interventions have potential in addressing pain and related functional impairment in PLWH, such as substance use and emotional well-being. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms of these interventions and better understand strategies to optimize and establish durability. Incorporating adherence counseling into these interventions could further enhance HIV outcomes by addressing the interconnected challenges of chronic pain and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), thereby supporting both pain management and overall HIV care.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expanding Horizons in Syphilis Treatment: Challenges, Advances, and Opportunities for Alternative Antibiotics.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00725-4

Diana D Villarreal, Chibuzor M Babalola

{"title":"Expanding Horizons in Syphilis Treatment: Challenges, Advances, and Opportunities for Alternative Antibiotics.","authors":"Diana D Villarreal, Chibuzor M Babalola","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00725-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00725-4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review examines the growing need for alternative technologies to address the resurgence of syphilis, particularly its congenital and late-stage manifestations. It explores current treatment paradigms, highlights the limitations of penicillin, and evaluates emerging evidence on new therapies and diagnostics to inform future strategies.Recent findings: Recent breakthroughs in Treponema pallidum culture techniques have enabled antibiotic susceptibility testing, expanding knowledge on both established and emerging treatment options. Alternatives like ceftriaxone, doxycycline, cefixime, and dalbavancin show promise, with other candidates in trials, though evidence is limited beyond early-stage syphilis. Shortened penicillin regimens also challenge historical assumptions about treatment duration. Advanced molecular diagnostics may complement currently limited serologic monitoring to improve evaluations in healthcare and research. While penicillin remains effective, its limitations necessitate alternatives. Emerging antibiotics and improved diagnostics offer opportunities to simplify treatment and enhance care. Future robust trials should validate new treatments, refine dosing strategies, and integrate innovative diagnostics, particularly including underserved and vulnerable populations.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementation Strategies for Digital HIV Prevention and Care Interventions for Youth: A Scoping Review.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00732-5

Julia Brasileiro, Artur Queiroz, Lisa B Hightow-Weidman, Kathryn E Muessig

{"title":"Implementation Strategies for Digital HIV Prevention and Care Interventions for Youth: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Julia Brasileiro, Artur Queiroz, Lisa B Hightow-Weidman, Kathryn E Muessig","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00732-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00732-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Despite the proliferation of evidence-based digital HIV prevention and care interventions for youth globally, their implementation remains suboptimal. This scoping review aimed to identify implementation strategies used to deliver digital HIV interventions to youth.Recent findings: We reviewed studies published in PubMed between 2018-2024 that described the development or use of implementation strategies for digital HIV interventions for youth. We identified eight studies that reported on implementation strategies and an additional 37 studies that reported on implementation outcomes. The predominant strategy used was identifying and preparing champions, such as peer leaders. Most studies assessed implementation outcomes of acceptability and feasibility, while few evaluated long-term outcomes like cost or sustainability. This review highlights the emerging, under-researched state of implementation science around digital HIV interventions in both the United States and low- and middle-income countries. Further research is needed to develop and test implementation strategies aligned to digital interventions; otherwise, evidence-based digital HIV interventions will remain underused by broader youth populations.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transition to Adult Care for Young People Living with HIV.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00730-7

Hannah Chew, Neerav Desai

{"title":"Transition to Adult Care for Young People Living with HIV.","authors":"Hannah Chew, Neerav Desai","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00730-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-025-00730-7","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The purpose of this narrative review is to delineate the challenges of transitioning young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) to adult-based care and to review recent literature including both qualitative and interventional studies focused on the process of transitioning.Methods: A search in PubMed and Embase was conducted using the key words \"adolescent.\" \"young adult,\" \"transition to adult care,\" \"HIV,\" and \"AIDS,\" including only articles published from 2019 onwards. Conference proceedings from major peer-reviewed conferences focused on YPLHIV were manually searched for studies from January 2021 to December 2023. Data extraction included variables such as study type, participant ages, location, and, for intervention studies, detailed descriptions and outcomes, which were further categorized into themes. Results are included in Table 1 and Table 2.Recent findings: Experts still debate about what a successful transition means which makes studying it harder. Challenges to successful transition include heterogeneity of the population, inconsistency with transition timing, mobility, and stigma. Recent qualitative studies that elicit feedback from stake holders reveal individual barriers such as lack of self-efficacy and fears of successive disclosures. A major facilitator to successful transition is having youth-friendly services in the adult clinic. Interventional studies emphasize the evidence for transition readiness assessments, transition protocols, mobile health engagement, transition clinics, and health care transition navigation. Health care teams who care for YPLHIV before, during, and after transition need to recognize how vulnerable this population can be. Therefore, transition must be formally addressed and grounded in the local settings and needs. Simple interventions have the potential to improve transition outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Perspective on Home-Based Sexual Health Care: Evidence, Access, and Future Directions.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00724-5

Cornelia J D Hanneke Goense, Ymke J Evers, Christian J P A Hoebe, Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers

{"title":"A Perspective on Home-Based Sexual Health Care: Evidence, Access, and Future Directions.","authors":"Cornelia J D Hanneke Goense, Ymke J Evers, Christian J P A Hoebe, Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00724-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-025-00724-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This perspective explores the impact of home-based sexual health services on accessibility to STI and HIV testing for priority populations. This study evaluates home-based services as independent care options and as complementary components of traditional clinic-based care.Recent findings: Challenges for persons to attend clinic-based sexual health care can be overcome by offering lower threshold home-based sexual health care. Implementing home-based services has successfully reached priority populations, including previously untested men who have sex with men (MSM) and individuals with a high exposure risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), attending location-based sexual health care. A challenge in home-based services is to ensure equitable care, such as for individuals with limited access to digital resources or low health literacy. While home-based sexual health services enhance the accessibility of sexual healthcare, to ensure equitable care, research into the needs of still underserved populations and subsequent tailoring of the care offered, is needed. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of home-based services may maximize the advantages of this promising type of care.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cannabis Use in HIV: Impact on Inflammation, Immunity and the Microbiome.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00729-0

Robert Langat, Ashma Chakrawarti, Nichole R Klatt

{"title":"Cannabis Use in HIV: Impact on Inflammation, Immunity and the Microbiome.","authors":"Robert Langat, Ashma Chakrawarti, Nichole R Klatt","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00729-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-025-00729-0","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review explores how cannabis impacts the gut microbiome, immune system, and ART outcomes in people with HIV (PWH). Given the increasing prevalence of cannabis use among PWH, we investigated its potential to reduce chronic inflammation and enhance gut health, both of which can influence HIV pathogenesis.Recent findings: Cannabis has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, including reducing systemic inflammatory biomarkers (such as MCP-1 and IP-10) and improving gut barrier integrity through increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Studies have shown that cannabis use is associated with increased gut mucosal immunity, decreased immune activation, and a unique microbiome composition. Preliminary evidence indicates that cannabis may influence HIV reservoirs, although the results remain inconclusive. Cannabis shows promise in managing inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and immune dysfunction in PWH. However, its effects on HIV reservoirs, adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and long-term outcomes need further investigation through rigorous clinical trials using standardized formulations.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing Global Disparities in Cervical Cancer Burden: A Narrative Review of Emerging Strategies.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00727-2

Kalpana Gopalkrishnan, Roksana Karim

{"title":"Addressing Global Disparities in Cervical Cancer Burden: A Narrative Review of Emerging Strategies.","authors":"Kalpana Gopalkrishnan, Roksana Karim","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00727-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-025-00727-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cervical cancer burden is disproportionately higher in low to middle income countries, especially in countries with a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden. This review investigates barriers to implementation and assesses current progress in cervical cancer screening in lower resource settings by reviewing technologies and strategies that have already been implemented in low to middle income countries.Recent findings: Several novel innovations embrace the recent World Health Organization (WHO) update to screening guidelines that recommends a \"screen and treat\" approach rather than a \"screen, triage and treat\" approach. Innovations include human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling, portable cervical visualization devices, and creative large-scale approaches to increase screening accessibility. Overall, a low-cost, accurate, point-of-care screening test could alleviate most of the barriers associated with cervical cancer screening in lower resource settings. Further research into the development of a low-cost HPV test in conjunction with the HPV vaccine and other screening tools could expedite progress.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Update on Vaccination Recommendations for Adults with HIV.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00731-6

Fiona Gispen, Kristen M Marks

{"title":"Update on Vaccination Recommendations for Adults with HIV.","authors":"Fiona Gispen, Kristen M Marks","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00731-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00731-6","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Vaccination recommendations for people with HIV (PWH) differ from the general population given potential for diminished immune responses as well as increased risk for infection or more severe disease. This review highlights updated vaccine recommendations, summarizes available data informing use of vaccines, and identifies areas in need of additional study for adults with HIV.Recent findings: Vaccine recommendations differ for PWH in terms of timing, dosing, and need to check for serological response. New vaccines are available and recommended for PWH for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), COVID-19, mpox, and hepatitis B virus (HBV). People with HIV experience persistent immune dysfunction, characterized by chronic immune activation and increased susceptibility to certain infections. To optimize potential of vaccines to reduce infection and infection-associated malignancies in PWH, strategies to improve vaccine responses and reduce vaccine hesitancy are necessary. While newer adjuvants show promise in enhancing immunogenicity, key questions remain regarding the durability of vaccine-induced protection and the ideal timing and necessity of booster doses for many vaccines.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promises, Pitfalls, and Progress: Doxycycline Prophylaxis for Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00726-3

Christopher J Kaperak, John M Flores, Aniruddha Hazra

{"title":"Promises, Pitfalls, and Progress: Doxycycline Prophylaxis for Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections.","authors":"Christopher J Kaperak, John M Flores, Aniruddha Hazra","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00726-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-025-00726-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy PEP) has proven to be highly effective in reducing the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women. In response, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued official clinical guidance on the use of doxy PEP as a preventive intervention in these populations. However, despite strong evidence supporting its use, the potential risks of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) along with its limited accessibility in other key populations, remain significant concerns with doxy PEP.Recent findings: Real-world data show strong awareness, interest, and usage of doxy PEP among MSM and transwomen. Early ecological studies have revealed population-level reductions in chlamydia and early syphilis incidence following doxy PEP implementation. Ongoing research continues to explore its efficacy in other populations, as well as its impact on both individual and population-level AMR. Doxy PEP is a well-tolerated and inexpensive intervention that has the potential to substantially reduce bacterial STIs, particularly in priority populations. Its implementation will require careful assessment of equitable uptake, usage patterns, and long-term monitoring of STI incidence and AMR.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenotyping Viral Reservoirs to Reveal HIV-1 Hiding Places.

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-025-00723-6

Wenxuan Chen, Ben Berkhout, Alexander O Pasternak

{"title":"Phenotyping Viral Reservoirs to Reveal HIV-1 Hiding Places.","authors":"Wenxuan Chen, Ben Berkhout, Alexander O Pasternak","doi":"10.1007/s11904-025-00723-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-025-00723-6","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 reservoirs persist in various cell types and tissues and reignite active replication if therapy is stopped. Persistence of the viral reservoirs in people with HIV-1 (PWH) is the main obstacle to achieving a cure. Identification and characterization of cellular and tissue HIV-1 reservoirs is thus central to the cure research. Here, we discuss emerging insights into the phenotype of HIV-1 reservoir cells.Recent findings: HIV-1 persists in multiple tissues, anatomic locations, and cell types. Although contributions of different CD4 + T-cell subsets to the HIV-1 reservoir are not equal, all subsets harbor a part of the viral reservoir. A number of putative cellular markers of the HIV-1 reservoir have been proposed, such as immune checkpoint molecules, integrins, and pro-survival factors. CD32a expression was shown to be associated with a very prominent enrichment in HIV-1 DNA, although this finding has been challenged. Recent technological advances allow unbiased single-cell phenotypic analyses of cells harbouring total or intact HIV-1 proviruses. A number of phenotypic markers have been reported by several independent studies to be enriched on HIV-1 reservoir cells. Expression of some of these markers could be mechanistically linked to the reservoir persistence, as they could for instance shield the reservoir cells from the immune recognition or promote their survival. However, so far no single phenotypic marker, or combination of markers, can effectively distinguish HIV-infected from uninfected cells or identify all reservoir cells.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11794352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0