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Host–microbe interactions: communication in the microbiota–gut–brain axis 宿主与微生物的相互作用：微生物群-肠-脑轴的交流。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102494
Aryan Shekarabi, Izhan Qureishy, Chloe H Puglisi, Marge Dalseth, Helen E Vuong
{"title":"Host–microbe interactions: communication in the microbiota–gut–brain axis","authors":"Aryan Shekarabi,&nbsp;Izhan Qureishy,&nbsp;Chloe H Puglisi,&nbsp;Marge Dalseth,&nbsp;Helen E Vuong","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Animals harbor a diverse array of symbiotic micro-organisms that coexist in communities across different body sites. These microbes maintain host homeostasis and respond to environmental insults to impact host physiological processes. Trillions of indigenous microbes reside in the gastrointestinal tract and engage with the host central nervous system (microbiota–gut–brain axis) by modulating immune responses, interacting with gut intrinsic and extrinsic nervous system, and regulating neuromodulators and biochemicals. These gut microbiota to brain signaling pathways are constantly informed by each other and are hypothesized to mediate brain health across the lifespan. In this review, we will examine the crosstalk of gut microbiota to brain communications in neurological pathologies, with an emphasis on microbial metabolites and neuromodulators, and provide a discussion of recent advances that help elucidate the microbiota as a therapeutic target for treating brain and behavioral disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102494"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141198994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stay on track — revelations of bacterial cell wall synthesis enzymes and things that go by single-molecule imaging 继续前进--揭示细菌细胞壁合成酶和单分子成像技术。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102490
Amilcar J. Perez, Jie Xiao
{"title":"Stay on track — revelations of bacterial cell wall synthesis enzymes and things that go by single-molecule imaging","authors":"Amilcar J. Perez,&nbsp;Jie Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this review, we explore the regulation of septal peptidoglycan (sPG) synthesis in bacterial cell division, a critical process for cell viability and proper morphology. Recent single-molecule imaging studies have revealed the processive movement of the FtsW:bPBP synthase complex along the septum, shedding light on the spatiotemporal dynamics of sPG synthases and their regulators. In diderm bacteria (<em>E. coli</em> and <em>C. crescentus</em>), the movement occurs at two distinct speeds, reflecting active synthesis or inactivity driven by FtsZ-treadmilling. In monoderm bacteria (<em>B. subtilis, S. pneumoniae</em>, and <em>S. aureus</em>), however, these enzymes exhibit only the active sPG-track-coupled processive movement. By comparing the dynamics of sPG synthases in these organisms and that of class-A penicillin-binding proteins <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>, we propose a unifying model for septal cell wall synthesis regulation across species, highlighting the roles of the sPG- and Z-tracks in orchestrating a robust bacterial cell wall constriction process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102490"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141184175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of CO2 in fungi 二氧化碳对真菌的影响
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102488
Benjamin J Chadwick, Xiaorong Lin
{"title":"Effects of CO2 in fungi","authors":"Benjamin J Chadwick,&nbsp;Xiaorong Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2024.102488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon dioxide supplies carbon for photosynthetic species and is a major product of respiration for all life forms. Inside the human body where CO<sub>2</sub> is a by-product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, its level reaches 5% or higher. In the ambient atmosphere, ∼.04% of the air is CO<sub>2</sub>. Different organisms can tolerate different CO<sub>2</sub> levels to various degrees, and experiencing higher CO<sub>2</sub> is toxic and can lead to death. The fungal kingdom shows great variations in response to CO<sub>2</sub> that has been documented by different researchers at different time periods. This literature review aims to connect these studies, highlight mechanisms underlying tolerance to high levels of CO<sub>2</sub>, and emphasize the effects of CO<sub>2</sub> on fungal metabolism and morphogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102488"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140951027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The many roles of sulfur in the fungal–host interaction 硫在真菌与寄主相互作用中的多种作用
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102489
Jorge Amich
{"title":"The many roles of sulfur in the fungal–host interaction","authors":"Jorge Amich","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2024.102489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sulfur is an essential macronutrient for life, and consequently, all living organisms must acquire it from external sources to thrive and grow. Sulfur is a constituent of a multitude of crucial molecules, such as the S-containing proteinogenic amino acids cysteine and methionine; cofactors and prosthetic groups, such as coenzyme-A and iron–sulfur (Fe–S) clusters; and other essential organic molecules, such as glutathione or S-adenosylmethionine. Additionally, sulfur in cysteine thiols is an active redox group that plays paramount roles in protein stability, enzyme catalysis, and redox homeostasis. Furthermore, H<sub>2</sub>S is gaining more attention as a crucial signaling molecule that influences metabolism and physiological functions. Given its importance, it is not surprising that sulfur plays key roles in the host–pathogen interaction. However, in contrast to its well-recognized involvement in the plant–pathogen interaction, the specific contributions of sulfur to the human–fungal interaction are much less understood. In this short review, I highlight some of the most important known mechanisms and propose directions for further research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102489"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140947009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Natural product discovery in soil actinomycetes: unlocking their potential within an ecological context 土壤放线菌中的天然产物发现：在生态环境中发掘其潜力
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102487
Jana K Schniete , Lorena T Fernández-Martínez
{"title":"Natural product discovery in soil actinomycetes: unlocking their potential within an ecological context","authors":"Jana K Schniete ,&nbsp;Lorena T Fernández-Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2024.102487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural products (NPs) produced by bacteria, particularly soil actinomycetes, often possess diverse bioactivities and play a crucial role in human health, agriculture, and biotechnology. Soil actinomycete genomes contain a vast number of predicted biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) yet to be exploited. Understanding the factors governing NP production in an ecological context and activating cryptic and silent BGCs in soil actinomycetes will provide researchers with a wealth of molecules with potential novel applications. Here, we highlight recent advances in NP discovery strategies employing ecology-inspired approaches and discuss the importance of understanding the environmental signals responsible for activation of NP production, particularly in a soil microbial community context, as well as the challenges that remain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102487"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527424000638/pdfft?md5=df9981f59dba1f3ab116f3c009e39300&pid=1-s2.0-S1369527424000638-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140906836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Archaea oxidizing alkanes through alkyl-coenzyme M reductases 古菌通过烷基辅酶 M 还原酶氧化烷烃
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102486
Florin Musat , Kasper U Kjeldsen , Amelia E Rotaru , Song-Can Chen , Niculina Musat
{"title":"Archaea oxidizing alkanes through alkyl-coenzyme M reductases","authors":"Florin Musat ,&nbsp;Kasper U Kjeldsen ,&nbsp;Amelia E Rotaru ,&nbsp;Song-Can Chen ,&nbsp;Niculina Musat","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2024.102486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review synthesizes recent discoveries of novel archaea clades capable of oxidizing higher alkanes, from volatile ones like ethane to longer-chain alkanes like hexadecane. These archaea, termed anaerobic multicarbon alkane-oxidizing archaea (ANKA), initiate alkane oxidation using alkyl-coenzyme M reductases, enzymes similar to the methyl-coenzyme M reductases of methanogenic and anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME). The polyphyletic alkane-oxidizing archaea group (ALOX), encompassing ANME and ANKA, harbors increasingly complex alkane degradation pathways, correlated with the alkane chain length. We discuss the evolutionary trajectory of these pathways emphasizing metabolic innovations and the acquisition of metabolic modules via lateral gene transfer. Additionally, we explore the mechanisms by which archaea couple alkane oxidation with the reduction of electron acceptors, including electron transfer to partner sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The phylogenetic and functional constraints that shape ALOX–SRB associations are also discussed. We conclude by highlighting the research needs in this emerging research field and its potential applications in biotechnology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102486"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527424000626/pdfft?md5=c52b2cc3a7c1334a57966620f316f82b&pid=1-s2.0-S1369527424000626-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alpha- and betacoronavirus cis-acting RNA elements α-和β-冠状病毒顺式作用 RNA 元件
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102483
Ramakanth Madhugiri, Hoang Viet Nguyen, Heiko Slanina, John Ziebuhr
{"title":"Alpha- and betacoronavirus cis-acting RNA elements","authors":"Ramakanth Madhugiri,&nbsp;Hoang Viet Nguyen,&nbsp;Heiko Slanina,&nbsp;John Ziebuhr","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2024.102483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coronaviruses have exceptionally large RNA genomes and employ multiprotein replication/transcription complexes to orchestrate specific steps of viral RNA genome replication and expression. Most of these processes involve viral <em>cis</em>-acting RNA elements that are engaged in vital RNA–RNA and/or RNA–protein interactions. Over the past years, a large number of studies provided interesting new insight into the structures and, to a lesser extent, functions of specific RNA elements for representative coronaviruses, and there is evidence to suggest that (a majority of) these RNA elements are conserved across genetically divergent coronavirus genera. It is becoming increasingly clear that at least some of these elements do not function in isolation but operate through complex and highly dynamic RNA–RNA interactions. This article reviews structural and functional aspects of <em>cis</em>-acting RNA elements conserved in alpha- and betacoronavirus 5'- and 3'-terminal genome regions, focusing on their critical roles in viral RNA synthesis and gene expression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102483"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527424000596/pdfft?md5=5a9e94b6d45e63012dfb94dddc8e7d50&pid=1-s2.0-S1369527424000596-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Positioning of cellular components by the ParA/MinD family of ATPases ParA/MinD ATP 酶家族确定细胞成分的位置
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102485
Lisa T Pulianmackal , Anthony G Vecchiarelli
{"title":"Positioning of cellular components by the ParA/MinD family of ATPases","authors":"Lisa T Pulianmackal ,&nbsp;Anthony G Vecchiarelli","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2024.102485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ParA/MinD (A/D) family of ATPases spatially organize an array of genetic- and protein-based cellular cargos across the bacterial and archaeal domains of life. By far, the two best-studied members, and family namesake, are ParA and MinD, involved in bacterial DNA segregation and divisome positioning, respectively. ParA and MinD make protein waves on the nucleoid or membrane to segregate chromosomes and position the divisome. Less studied is the growing list of A/D ATPases widespread across bacteria and implicated in the subcellular organization of diverse protein-based complexes and organelles involved in myriad biological processes, from metabolism to pathogenesis. Here we describe mechanistic commonality, variation, and coordination among the most widespread family of positioning ATPases used in the subcellular organization of disparate cargos across bacteria and archaea.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102485"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527424000614/pdfft?md5=2aff43c328479749d18d4136a4eb05f3&pid=1-s2.0-S1369527424000614-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140880358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Co-ordinated assembly of the multilayered cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria 革兰氏阴性细菌多层细胞包膜的协调组装
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102479
Elayne M Fivenson , Laurent Dubois , Thomas G Bernhardt
{"title":"Co-ordinated assembly of the multilayered cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria","authors":"Elayne M Fivenson ,&nbsp;Laurent Dubois ,&nbsp;Thomas G Bernhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2024.102479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacteria surround themselves with complex cell envelopes to maintain their integrity and protect against external insults. The envelope of Gram-negative organisms is multilayered, with two membranes sandwiching the periplasmic space that contains the peptidoglycan cell wall. Understanding how this complicated surface architecture is assembled during cell growth and division is a major fundamental problem in microbiology. Additionally, because the envelope is an important antibiotic target and determinant of intrinsic antibiotic resistance, understanding the mechanisms governing its assembly is relevant to therapeutic development. In the last several decades, most of the factors required to build the Gram-negative envelope have been identified. However, surprisingly, little is known about how the biogenesis of the different cell surface layers is co-ordinated. Here, we provide an overview of recent work that is beginning to uncover the links connecting the different envelope biosynthetic pathways and assembly machines to ensure uniform envelope growth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527424000559/pdfft?md5=3f5c644d39239dd0fd9c9e8d7e64fb19&pid=1-s2.0-S1369527424000559-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140880357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entering deeper into the mysteries of the GroEL–GroES nanomachine 深入探索 GroEL-GroES 纳米机械的奥秘
IF 5.4 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102480
Emile Dupuy , Jean-François Collet
{"title":"Entering deeper into the mysteries of the GroEL–GroES nanomachine","authors":"Emile Dupuy ,&nbsp;Jean-François Collet","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2024.102480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the densely populated intracellular milieu, polypeptides are at constant risk of nonspecific interactions and aggregation, posing a threat to essential cellular functions. Cells rely on a network of protein folding factors to deal with this challenge. The Hsp60 family of molecular chaperones, which depend on ATP for function, stands out in the proteostasis network by a characteristic structure comprising two multimeric rings arranged back to back. This review provides an updated overview of GroEL, the bacterial Hsp60, and its GroES (Hsp10) cofactor. Specifically, we highlight recent breakthroughs in understanding the intricate folding mechanisms of the GroEL–GroES nanomachine and explore the newly discovered interaction between GroEL and the chaperedoxin CnoX. Despite considerable research on the GroEL–GroES system, numerous questions remain to be explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102480"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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