Current protein & peptide science最新文献

{"title":"Network Pharmacology and Experiments to Verify the Effect and Potential Mechanism of Baicalein on Osteoporosis.","authors":"Huang Xudong, Li Qi, Ma Wenlong, Li Jinkun, Xu Xiaodong, Zhang Chengyin, Zhang Jiahe, Yuan Yifeng, Shi Xiaolin, Zeng Lingfeng, Wang Weiguo","doi":"10.2174/0113892037353878250212053910","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037353878250212053910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Baicalein (BN), a potent flavonoid derived from Scutellaria, exhibits an array of noteworthy attributes, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antipyretic properties. Furthermore, its potential in treating osteoporosis has been highlighted. Nonetheless, the exact modes of action responsible for its therapeutic effects remain obscure. Hence, this study aims to elucidate the improvement effect of BN on OVX rats and explore its potential mechanism of action in treating osteoporosis through a comprehensive strategy that integrates network pharmacology and rigorous animal experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The potential protein targets and OP disease targets in BN are analyzed using the protein database. The protein interaction diagram is constructed by Cytoscape3.7.2 software, and binding energy is used to evaluate the binding activity between BN and core targets, and some key genes are verified by protein experiments.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Topology analysis and prediction reveal that osteoporosis (OP) is associated with more than ten core target proteins. Notably, NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), Androgen Receptor (AR), Estrogen Receptor beta (ESR1), and Cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2) emerge as pivotal proteins in the treatment of osteoporosis with BN. The biological process underlying BN treatment of osteoporosis primarily involves the regulation of sex hormone levels, autophagy, inflammatory response, and reactive oxygen metabolism. Moreover, the signaling pathways involved are predominantly the PI3K-Akt pathway, AMPK pathway, and estrogen signaling pathway. Subsequent animal experiments corroborate these findings by demonstrating that BN significantly enhances the expression levels of SIRT1, AR, and ESR1 in tissues, while concurrently reducing the protein expression of PTGS2. This multifaceted approach ultimately achieves the desired therapeutic outcome of osteoporosis treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, this study has validated the therapeutic effect of BN on OP and analyzed multiple potential therapeutic targets of BN for osteoporosis, which provides new ideas for further clinical treatment and experimental research of BN.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"443-455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Emergence of Bioactive Peptides as Anti-diabetic Agents: A Review.","authors":"Ramanand, Rohit Singh, Vedpal Singh, Archita Katrolia","doi":"10.2174/0113892037386831250806112604","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037386831250806112604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A complex condition called diabetes mellitus is characterized by insufficient or resistant insulin production. The incidence of diseases is rising quickly, placing a significant economic, social, and health burden on the modern world. Interventions in nutrition and improved physical activity could make a big difference in controlling this disease. Bioactive peptides obtained from natural sources have been linked to various therapeutic benefits. Several peptides with anti-diabetic potential may lower blood sugar levels, enhance insulin uptake, and inhibit vital enzymes involved in the onset and progression of diabetes. Many bioactive peptides with anti-diabetic properties have been discovered and validated. A more transparent comprehension of the underlying molecular mechanisms of these peptides will aid the development of new peptide-based pharmaceuticals. The objective of this review was to update our understanding of the genesis, structural features, and mechanism of action. The effects of bioactive peptides on vital enzymes and proteins, such as α- glucosidase, α-amylase, glucagon-like peptides, and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV, which are involved in managing glycaemic levels from carbohydrate consumption through blood glucose regulation, were also addressed..The information obtained through this study and industry endeavours should provide a better understanding and evaluation of the prospects of bioactive peptides with antidiabetic potential for blood glucose level management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"481-497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence in Proteomics <i>Via</i> Mass Spectrometry: A Review.","authors":"Yun Shao, Chenghui Yang, Shenhuan Ni, Mingwei Pang, Xiaojie Liu, Ren Kong, Shan Chang","doi":"10.2174/0113892037368295250520102121","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037368295250520102121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteomics holds immense significance in fundamental and applied research in various fields, including life sciences, medicinal sciences, and pharmaceutical sciences. The rapid development of mass spectrometry (MS) technologies has facilitated MS-based proteomics research, which has emerged as one of the primary methods for determining the composition, structures, and functions of proteins. The necessity of processing these complex datasets has increased significantly owing to the growing volume and diversity of MS data pertaining to proteins. Artificial intelligence (AI) possesses powerful data processing abilities, and is being increasingly employed for handling these challenges. In particular, deep learning has been extensively employed in MSbased proteomics research. This review discusses and compares the different AI algorithms developed for various tasks, including the prediction of protein spectra, retention times, peptide sequences, and MS-based protein structure prediction, and highlights their respective strengths and weaknesses. The limitations and future prospects of AI in MS-based proteomics research are additionally discussed herein.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"18-45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Trends in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and TGF-β Research: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis from 2000 to 2024.","authors":"Liu-Lin Yang, Xing Chen, Kai-Ting Huang, Ji-Long Wang","doi":"10.2174/0113892037378714250529063227","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037378714250529063227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) plays a pivotal role in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by modulating immune responses, inflammatory processes, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatocytes. It has emerged as a key therapeutic target for HCC.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study employs bibliometric analysis to examine literature published between 2000 and 2024, aiming to explore the critical roles of TGF-β in HCC and provide a theoretical foundation for future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database to analyze publications from January 1, 2000, to October 16, 2024. Visualization tools such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and SCImago Graphica were utilized to assess publication trends, countries, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and references, identifying hotspots, trends, and the evolution of TGF-β research in the context of HCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis encompassed 3,026 publications originating from 79 different countries. China was identified as the leading country in publication volume, with Fudan University being the most prolific institution. The journal Hepatology stood out as the leading publication in terms of both the volume of articles and citation influence. Keyword analysis revealed that recent research (2020-2024) has focused on metabolic regulation, the tumor immune microenvironment, and targeted therapies related to the TGF-β signaling pathway in HCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the publication landscape, research trends, and hotspots of TGF- β-related HCC research from 2000 to 2024, providing valuable insights and a theoretical basis for future studies in this critical field.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"92-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13223496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Current Status of Icariin in the Treatment of Rotator Cuff Injury Associated with Osteoporosis.","authors":"Xian-Quan Zhang, Guang-Hui Zhou, Zhuo-Xu Gu, Ling-Feng Zeng, Ming-Hui Luo","doi":"10.2174/0113892037350167250121112656","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037350167250121112656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rotator cuff injury is a disease in which the muscle and tendon that constitute the rotator cuff are torn causing shoulder pain and limited function. Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass, destruction of bone microstructure, decreased bone strength, and increased bone fragility. Both are common musculoskeletal diseases that occur in middle-aged and elderly people, and their prevalence gradually increases with age. Clinically, rotator cuff injury and OP comorbidity are very common, especially in terms of bone metabolism. In recent years, plant natural products have gradually become a research hotspot. Icariin (ICA) is one of the naturally present active ingredients derived from the Berberaceae herb Epimedium. It has various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti- tumor properties, and is involved in the regulation of bone metabolism, which can play multiple therapeutic effects through a variety of proteins, receptors, and signaling pathways. Therefore, ICA, as a potential natural drug, is being gradually applied in the treatment of rotator cuff injury combined with OP, which has achieved great clinical efficacy. This study mainly discusses the pharmacological action and action mechanism of ICA in order to explore the potential of ICA to prevent and treat rotator cuff injury combined with OP and provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent clinical application of ICA.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"425-432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant SUT Sucrose Transporters: Structure, Evolution and Biological Functions.","authors":"Zaibao Zhang, Tianyu Fan, Luhui Wu, Ziyi Ye, Fan Ye","doi":"10.2174/0113892037372125250607041706","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037372125250607041706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sucrose transporters (SUTs) are essential for exporting and moving sucrose from source leaves to sink organs in plants. Many researchers have addressed SUT functions in plant development regulation and stress responses, as well as on the transporter's evolution and regulation. In this paper, we reviewed the updated achievements of plant SUTs in evolution, development and abiotic stresses. Many SUTs regulate fruit and seed sugar accumulation, which provides a theoretical application of SUT genes in crop yield and quality improvement. This review provides more in-depth and comprehensive information to help elucidate the molecular basis of the function of SUTs in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"468-480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the Role of FOXM1 and Ferroptosis in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Xin Li, Ruonan Zhang, Xiaoyue Zhao, Xuewei Zhuang","doi":"10.2174/0113892037399800251010113213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892037399800251010113213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal cancer with a poor prognosis due to difficulties in early diagnosis. In recent years, the roles of FOXM1 and ferroptosis in HCC have attracted attention. FOXM1, a key transcription factor highly expressed in HCC, is closely associated with tumor progression. Ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by iron metabolism disorders and lipid peroxidation, is closely related to the occurrence and drug resistance of HCC. Studies have shown that FOXM1 significantly influences ferroptosis by regulating genes associated with iron metabolism and antioxidant defenses (such as SLC7A11 and GPX4) and by affecting signaling pathways, like PI3K/Akt/mTOR. Additionally, the interactions of FOXM1 with factors, such as IDO1 and AURKA/NRF2, also modulate the sensitivity of HCC cells to ferroptosis. This review explores the regulatory relationships between FOXM1 and ferroptosis and their potential value in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HCC, providing a theoretical basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145400152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Boosts Plumbagin's Neuroprotection Against Rotenone-Induced Motor Deficits.","authors":"Aanchal Verma, Ahsas Goyal","doi":"10.2174/0113892037402724251006011830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892037402724251006011830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD), a condition that involves neural degeneration, develops due to dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra pars compacta, resulting in reduced striatal dopamine levels. This shortage causes problems with movement and thinking. The neurodefensive response of GLP-1 is especially important in PD. Assessments have demonstrated the neuroprotective advantages of activating GLP-1 receptors in distinct models of PD, resulting in enhancements in motor as well as non-motor behaviour. These characteristics suggest that GLP-1 signalling could be a promising target for PD treatment. Moreover, plumbagin is the primary active component of Plumbago zeylanica L., a medicinal herb that is clinically used in China. Also, plumbagin is reported to have significant neuroprotective efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, male rats received rotenone (1.5 mg/kg; subcutaneously), followed by plumbagin (20 mg/kg; p.o.). The rats' motor abilities were assessed using the actophotometer, beam walk, rotarod, gait analysis, open field, grip strength, as well as bar catalepsy evaluation. In addition, the levels of dopamine, RAGE, and GLP-1 were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plumbagin improved movement issues caused by rotenone, boosted dopamine and GLP-1 levels, as well as lowered RAGE levels in the brains of rats.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study highlights plumbagin's potential in treating PD by improving motor function, increasing dopamine and GLP-1 levels, and reducing RAGE levels in a rotenone-induced rat model. These findings suggest that plumbagin may offer neuroprotective effects through GLP-1 pathway activation, making it a promising candidate for future PD therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These outcomes imply that agents that activate GLP-1, such as plumbagin, present a promising strategy for creating treatments to safeguard against rotenone-induced motor disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145372234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Horizons for Parkinson's Disease: Current Relevance of PNA5 in Memory and Cognition.","authors":"Kousik Maparu, Dhrita Chatterjee, Nileshwar Kalia, Romanpreet Kaur, Shamsher Singh","doi":"10.2174/0113892037389890250925014102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892037389890250925014102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized primarily by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the pathological aggregation of α-synuclein. While some genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of PD, emerging evidence suggests that specific proteins and molecules may have the potential to slow down, reverse, or mitigate the progression of the disease. Recently, the neuroprotective potential of peptide nucleic acid 5 (PNA5) has garnered attention for its ability to restore cognitive functions in PD. PNA5 is an angiotensin (1-7) agonist peptide molecule that targets α-synuclein mRNA to inhibit its translation and aggregation. Key areas explored include the role of PNA5 in reducing toxic α-synuclein oligomers and fibrils, modulating neuroinflammation, preserving mitochondrial function, and harnessing molecular chaperones and angiotensin-MAS receptor signalling pathways for cellular homeostasis. This review emphasizes the significance of PNA5 in addressing the unmet needs of PD treatment, particularly in the areas of memory and cognition. By targeting the molecular basis of cognitive decline, PNA5 represents a transformative candidate for disease-modifying therapy that could revolutionize approaches to treating neurodegenerative disorders. Future studies should concentrate on establishing delivery methods, evaluating long-term efficacy, and addressing safety concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzymatic Characterization of Alkaline Protease from a Novel Microorganism Isolated from a Halophilic Environment.","authors":"R P Rejisha, M Murugan","doi":"10.2174/0113892037384859250922101245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892037384859250922101245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p> Introduction: Microbial enzymes, especially bacterial alkaline proteases, are essential to many industrial processes, including the manufacturing of detergents, food processing, bioremediation, medicines, and tanneries. Because of its possible industrial benefits, this study focuses on the purification and characterisation of a halophilic alkaline protease generated by Bacillus sp. strain SPII-4. </p><p> Methods: The bacteria SPII-4's 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Casein was used as a substrate to measure the extracellular crude enzyme's proteolytic activity. Temperature, pH, salinity, metal ions, and chemical solvents were all used to assess enzymatic activity. Every experiment was run in triplicate, and Student's t-tests with unequal variances in Microsoft Excel were used to assess statistical significance. </p><p> Results: The 16S rRNA sequencing matched Bacillus sp. strain 2S4 with 100% identity and 99% coverage. The protease was most active at 40°C, in the alkaline pH range of 9-11, and at concentrations of up to 5% NaCl. The enzyme had the maximum activity (14.64 U/mg) among the metal ions examined when BaCl2 was present. Additionally, it maintained its activity in the presence of the surfactant Triton-X and in a variety of chemical solvents. The observed differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001) </p><p> Discussion: The Bacillus SPII-4 protease showed exceptional stability and activity in the presence of surfactants and solvents, as well as in extremely high and low salinity and alkalinity conditions. These characteristics point to the protease's potential for widespread industrial use and are in line with research on related halophilic bacterial enzymes. To maximize its commercial usage, more purification and scale-up research are necessary. </p><p> Conclusion: Bacillus sp. SPII-4's halo-alkaline protease exhibits considerable industrial promise because of its stability in conditions that are high in salt, alkalinity, and solvents. These qualities make it a viable option for use in the food, detergent, and pharmaceutical sectors as well as in bioremediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}