Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports最新文献

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Updated Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) for Gliomas. 神经肿瘤学(RANO)中胶质瘤的最新反应评估。
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01329-4
Gilbert Youssef, Patrick Y Wen
{"title":"Updated Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) for Gliomas.","authors":"Gilbert Youssef, Patrick Y Wen","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01329-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11910-023-01329-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The response assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria and its versions were developed by expert opinion consensus to standardize response evaluation in glioma clinical trials. New patient-based data informed the development of updated response assessment criteria, RANO 2.0.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>In a recent study of patients with glioblastoma, the post-radiation brain MRI was a superior baseline MRI compared to the pretreatment MRI, and confirmation scans were only beneficial within the first 12 weeks of completion of radiation in newly diagnosed disease. Nonenhancing disease evaluation did not improve the correlation between progression-free survival and overall survival in newly diagnosed and recurrent settings. RANO 2.0 recommends a single common response criteria for high- and low-grade gliomas, regardless of the treatment modality being evaluated. It also provides guidance on the evaluation of nonenhancing tumors and tumors with both enhancing and nonenhancing components.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":" ","pages":"17-25"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magnetoencephalography for Epilepsy Presurgical Evaluation. 用于癫痫手术前评估的脑磁图。
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01328-5
Aaron S Geller, Peter Teale, Eugene Kronberg, John S Ebersole
{"title":"Magnetoencephalography for Epilepsy Presurgical Evaluation.","authors":"Aaron S Geller, Peter Teale, Eugene Kronberg, John S Ebersole","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01328-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11910-023-01328-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional neuroimaging technique that records neurophysiology data with millisecond temporal resolution and localizes it with subcentimeter accuracy. Its capability to provide high resolution in both of these domains makes it a powerful tool both in basic neuroscience as well as clinical applications. In neurology, it has proven useful in its ability to record and localize epileptiform activity. Epilepsy workup typically begins with scalp electroencephalography (EEG), but in many situations, EEG-based localization of the epileptogenic zone is inadequate. The complementary sensitivity of MEG can be crucial in such cases, and MEG has been adopted at many centers as an important resource in building a surgical hypothesis. In this paper, we review recent work evaluating the extent of MEG influence of presurgical evaluations, novel analyses of MEG data employed in surgical workup, and new MEG instrumentation that will likely affect the field of clinical MEG.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>MEG consistently contributes to presurgical evaluation and these contributions often change the plan for epilepsy surgery. Extensive work has been done to develop new analytic methods for localizing the source of epileptiform activity with MEG. Systems using optically pumped magnetometry (OPM) have been successfully deployed to record and localize epileptiform activity. MEG remains an important noninvasive tool for epilepsy presurgical evaluation. Continued improvements in analytic methodology will likely increase the diagnostic yield of the test. Novel instrumentation with OPM may contribute to this as well, and may increase accessibility of MEG by decreasing cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":" ","pages":"35-46"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139039638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lobar Microbleeds in the Posterior Cortical Atrophy Syndrome: A Comparison to Typical Alzheimer's Disease. 后皮质萎缩综合征的脑叶微出血:与典型阿尔茨海默病的比较
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-024-01330-5
Victoria S Pelak, Vishal Krishnan, Stephanie Serva, Peter Pressman, Asher Mahmood, Lily Noteboom, Brianne M Bettcher, Stefan H Sillau, Andrew L Callen, Ashesh A Thaker
{"title":"Lobar Microbleeds in the Posterior Cortical Atrophy Syndrome: A Comparison to Typical Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Victoria S Pelak, Vishal Krishnan, Stephanie Serva, Peter Pressman, Asher Mahmood, Lily Noteboom, Brianne M Bettcher, Stefan H Sillau, Andrew L Callen, Ashesh A Thaker","doi":"10.1007/s11910-024-01330-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11910-024-01330-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the study: </strong>Posterior cortical atrophy is a clinico-radiographical syndrome that presents with higher-order visual dysfunction and is most commonly due to Alzheimer's disease. Understanding factors associated with atypical presentations of Alzheimer's disease, such as posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), holds promise to shape our understanding of AD pathophysiology. Thus, we aimed to compare MRI evidence of lobar microbleeds (LMBs) in posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) syndrome to typical AD (tAD) and to assess and compare MRI evidence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in each group.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>We retrospectively collected clinical and MRI data from participants with PCA (n = 26), identified from an institutional PCA registry, and participants with tAD (n = 46) identified from electronic health records from a single institution. LMBs were identified on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI); the Fazekas grade of white matter disease was assessed using FLAIR images, and Boston criteria version 2.0 for cerebral amyloid angiopathy were applied to all data. The proportion of participants with PCA and LMB (7.7%) was lower than for tAD (47.8%) (p = 0.005). The frequency of \"probable\" CAA was similar in both groups, while \"possible\" CAA was more frequent in tAD (30.4%) than PCA (0%) (p = 0.001). The Fazekas grades were not different between groups. Lobar microbleeds on SWI were not more common in PCA than in typical AD. Clinicopathological investigations are necessary to confirm these findings. The factors that contribute to the posterior cortical atrophy phenotype are unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":" ","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139520263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hormonal Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Clinical Data 多发性硬化症的激素疗法:临床数据回顾
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01326-7
Stephanie Hsu, Riley Bove
{"title":"Hormonal Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Clinical Data","authors":"Stephanie Hsu, Riley Bove","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01326-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-023-01326-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Given the potential for exogenous hormones to influence risk and course of MS, this narrative review aims to summarize current knowledge from observational and interventional studies of exogenous hormones in humans with MS.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Large randomized clinical trials for combined oral contraceptives and estriol both show modest effect on inflammatory activity, with the latter showing potential neuroprotective effect. After fertility treatment, large actively treated cohorts have not confirmed any elevated risk of relapse. Preclinical data suggest that androgens, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) may be neuroprotective but clinical data are lacking. Gender affirming treatment, particularly estrogen in trans-women, could possibly be associated with elevated risk of inflammation. For women with MS entering menopause, hormone therapy appears safe during the appropriate menopausal window, but its long-term effects on neuroprotection are unknown.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Exogenous hormones, used in varied doses and for diverse indications, have variable effects on MS risk, inflammatory activity, and neuroprotection. Large randomized trials are needed before it is possible to determine the true effect of exogenous hormones in a condition as complex as MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138682090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the Role of Locus Coeruleus in Alzheimer’s Disease: a Comprehensive Update on MRI Studies and Implications 探索大脑灶在阿尔茨海默病中的作用:核磁共振成像研究的全面更新及其影响
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01324-9
Alessandro Galgani, Filippo Sean Giorgi
{"title":"Exploring the Role of Locus Coeruleus in Alzheimer’s Disease: a Comprehensive Update on MRI Studies and Implications","authors":"Alessandro Galgani, Filippo Sean Giorgi","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01324-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-023-01324-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Performing a thorough review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies assessing locus coeruleus (LC) integrity in ageing and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and contextualizing them with current preclinical and neuropathological literature.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>MRI successfully detected LC alterations in ageing and AD, identifying degenerative phenomena involving this nucleus even in the prodromal stages of the disorder. The degree of LC disruption was also associated with the severity of AD cortical pathology, cognitive and behavioral impairment, and the risk of clinical progression.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Locus coeruleus-MRI has proved to be a useful tool to assess the integrity of the central noradrenergic system in vivo in humans. It allowed to test in patients preclinical and experimental hypothesis, thus confirming the specific and marked involvement of the LC in AD and its key pathogenetic role. Locus coeruleus-MRI–related data might represent the theoretical basis on which to start developing noradrenergic drugs to target AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":"225 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138553602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Autonomic Manifestations of Long-COVID Syndrome. 长期新冠肺炎综合征的自主性表现。
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01320-z
Rashmin Hira, Kavithra Karalasingham, Jacquie R Baker, Satish R Raj
{"title":"Autonomic Manifestations of Long-COVID Syndrome.","authors":"Rashmin Hira, Kavithra Karalasingham, Jacquie R Baker, Satish R Raj","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01320-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11910-023-01320-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Long-COVID is a novel condition emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic. Long-COVID is characterized by symptoms commonly seen in autonomic disorders including fatigue, brain fog, light-headedness, and palpitations. This article will critically evaluate recent findings and studies on Long-COVID and its physiological autonomic manifestations.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Studies have reported on the prevalence of different symptoms and autonomic disorders in Long-COVID cohorts. Autonomic nervous system function, including both the parasympathetic and sympathetic limbs, has been studied using different testing techniques in Long-COVID patients. While numerous mechanisms may contribute to Long-COVID autonomic pathophysiology, it is currently unclear which ones lead to a Long-COVID presentation. To date, studies have not tested treatment options for autonomic disorders in Long-COVID patients. Long-COVID is associated with autonomic abnormalities. There is a high prevalence of clinical autonomic disorders among Long-COVID patients, with limited knowledge of the underlying mechanisms and the effectiveness of treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":" ","pages":"881-892"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72013868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent Advances in Pediatric Medulloblastoma. 儿童髓母细胞瘤的最新进展。
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01316-9
Kasey Jackson, Roger J Packer
{"title":"Recent Advances in Pediatric Medulloblastoma.","authors":"Kasey Jackson, Roger J Packer","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01316-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11910-023-01316-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Review recent advances in the understanding of pediatric medulloblastoma including etiology, biology, radiology, and management of pediatric medulloblastoma.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The classic four subgroups have been reclassified and further subdivided based on new molecular findings. Research is revealing the cell origins of the different subtypes of medulloblastoma. There has been continued personalization of management based on molecular parameters. While many advances have been made in the knowledge base of this most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, there has not yet been translation into more effective therapies to prolong survival in all subgroups with the possible exception of children with group 3 disease. Quality of life remains a major challenge for long-term survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":" ","pages":"841-848"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10724301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71520764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Applications to Epilepsy: a Review for the Practicing Epileptologist. 机器学习和人工智能在癫痫中的应用:对癫痫执业医师的回顾。
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01318-7
Wesley T Kerr, Katherine N McFarlane
{"title":"Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Applications to Epilepsy: a Review for the Practicing Epileptologist.","authors":"Wesley T Kerr, Katherine N McFarlane","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01318-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11910-023-01318-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are data-driven techniques to translate raw data into applicable and interpretable insights that can assist in clinical decision making. Some of these tools have extremely promising initial results, earning both great excitement and creating hype. This non-technical article reviews recent developments in ML/AI in epilepsy to assist the current practicing epileptologist in understanding both the benefits and limitations of integrating ML/AI tools into their clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>ML/AI tools have been developed to assist clinicians in almost every clinical decision including (1) predicting future epilepsy in people at risk, (2) detecting and monitoring for seizures, (3) differentiating epilepsy from mimics, (4) using data to improve neuroanatomic localization and lateralization, and (5) tracking and predicting response to medical and surgical treatments. We also discuss practical, ethical, and equity considerations in the development and application of ML/AI tools including chatbots based on Large Language Models (e.g., ChatGPT). ML/AI tools will change how clinical medicine is practiced, but, with rare exceptions, the transferability to other centers, effectiveness, and safety of these approaches have not yet been established rigorously. In the future, ML/AI will not replace epileptologists, but epileptologists with ML/AI will replace epileptologists without ML/AI.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":" ","pages":"869-879"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138498034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neural Control of REM Sleep and Motor Atonia: Current Perspectives. 快速眼动睡眠和运动性肌张力的神经控制:目前的观点。
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01322-x
Ramalingam Vetrivelan, Sathyajit Sai Bandaru
{"title":"Neural Control of REM Sleep and Motor Atonia: Current Perspectives.","authors":"Ramalingam Vetrivelan, Sathyajit Sai Bandaru","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01322-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11910-023-01322-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Since the formal discovery of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in 1953, we have gained a vast amount of knowledge regarding the specific populations of neurons, their connections, and synaptic mechanisms regulating this stage of sleep and its accompanying features. This article discusses REM sleep circuits and their dysfunction, specifically emphasizing recent studies using conditional genetic tools.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Sublaterodorsal nucleus (SLD) in the dorsolateral pons, especially the glutamatergic subpopulation in this region (SLD<sup>Glut</sup>), are shown to be indispensable for REM sleep. These neurons appear to be single REM generators in the rodent brain and may initiate and orchestrate all REM sleep events, including cortical and hippocampal activation and muscle atonia through distinct pathways. However, several cell groups in the brainstem and hypothalamus may influence SLD<sup>Glut</sup> neuron activity, thereby modulating REM sleep timing, amounts, and architecture. Damage to SLD<sup>Glut</sup> neurons or their projections involved in muscle atonia leads to REM behavior disorder, whereas the abnormal activation of this pathway during wakefulness may underlie cataplexy in narcolepsy. Despite some opposing views, it has become evident that SLD<sup>Glut</sup> neurons are the sole generators of REM sleep and its associated characteristics. Further research should prioritize a deeper understanding of their cellular, synaptic, and molecular properties, as well as the mechanisms that trigger their activation during cataplexy and make them susceptible in RBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":" ","pages":"907-923"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138498035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Ischemic Stroke. 迷走神经刺激在缺血性中风中的作用。
IF 5.6 2区 医学
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01323-w
Sasan Andalib, Afshin A Divani, Cenk Ayata, Sheharyar Baig, Ethem Murat Arsava, Mehmet Akif Topcuoglu, Eder Leonardo Cáceres, Vinay Parikh, Masoom J Desai, Arshad Majid, Sara Girolami, Mario Di Napoli
{"title":"Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Sasan Andalib, Afshin A Divani, Cenk Ayata, Sheharyar Baig, Ethem Murat Arsava, Mehmet Akif Topcuoglu, Eder Leonardo Cáceres, Vinay Parikh, Masoom J Desai, Arshad Majid, Sara Girolami, Mario Di Napoli","doi":"10.1007/s11910-023-01323-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11910-023-01323-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for neurological and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in VNS for treating ischemic stroke. This review discusses the evidence supporting VNS as a treatment option for ischemic stroke and elucidates its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Preclinical studies investigating VNS in stroke models have shown reduced infarct volumes and improved neurological deficits. Additionally, VNS has been found to reduce reperfusion injury. VNS may promote neuroprotection by reducing inflammation, enhancing cerebral blood flow, and modulating the release of neurotransmitters. Additionally, VNS may stimulate neuroplasticity, thereby facilitating post-stroke recovery. The Food and Drug Administration has approved invasive VNS (iVNS) combined with rehabilitation for ischemic stroke patients with moderate to severe upper limb deficits. However, iVNS is not feasible in acute stroke due to its time-sensitive nature. Non-invasive VNS (nVNS) may be an alternative approach for treating ischemic stroke. While the evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials of nVNS is promising, the mechanisms through which VNS exerts its beneficial effects on ischemic stroke are still being elucidated. Therefore, further research is needed to better understand the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of nVNS in ischemic stroke. Moreover, large-scale randomized clinical trials are necessary to determine the optimal nVNS protocols, assess its long-term effects on stroke recovery and outcomes, and identify the potential benefits of combining nVNS with other rehabilitation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10831,"journal":{"name":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports","volume":" ","pages":"947-962"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10841711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138440376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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