Current Cardiology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Applications in Cardio-Oncology: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Avirup Guha, Viraj Shah, Tarek Nahle, Shivam Singh, Harikrishnan Hyma Kunhiraman, Fathima Shehnaz, Priyanshu Nain, Omar M Makram, Morteza Mahmoudi, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Anant Madabhushi, Rakesh Shiradkar, Hisham Daoud","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02215-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02215-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in cardio-oncology, focusing on its latest application across problems in diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification, and management of cardiovascular (CV) complications in cancer patients. It also highlights multi-omics analysis, explainable AI, and real-time decision-making, while addressing challenges like data heterogeneity and ethical concerns.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>AI can advance cardio-oncology by leveraging imaging, electronic health records (EHRs), electrocardiograms (ECG), and multi-omics data for early cardiotoxicity detection, stratification and long-term risk prediction. Novel AI-ECG models and imaging techniques improve diagnostic accuracy, while multi-omics analysis identifies biomarkers for personalized treatment. However, significant barriers, including data heterogeneity, lack of transparency, and regulatory challenges, hinder widespread adoption. AI significantly enhances early detection and intervention in cardio-oncology. Future efforts should address the impact of AI technologies on clinical outcomes, and ethical challenges, to enable broader clinical adoption and improve patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiographic Anatomy of the Left Coronary Veins: Beyond Conventional Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.","authors":"Iulia-Georgiana Zehan, Csilla-Andrea Eötvös, Mădălina Patricia Moldovan, Mihai-Gabriel Andrei, Călina-Patricia Șchiop-Țentea, Roxana Daiana Lazar, Adriana Daniela Sârb, Giorgia Coșeriu, Teodora Avram, Adela Șerban, Gabriel Gușetu, Larisa Diana Mocan-Hognogi, Roxana Chiorescu, Sorin Pop, Edwin Kevin Heist, Dan Blendea","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02204-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02204-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the angiographic anatomy of the coronary sinus and its tributaries veins, with focus on venous branches other than classical ones used in cardiac resynchronization therapy. It also presents common anatomical aspects that could impact the clinical outcome.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent advancements in the electrophysiology field, like epicardial arrhythmia mapping and ablation through coronary sinus or cardiac pacing from atypical veins requires a detailed angiographic assessment of cardiac veins. There is an increased interest for the veins coursing in the left ventricular summit (LVS) area and could potentially provide a pathway to reach the LVS arrhythmogenic foci. However, there is no consensus regarding the nomenclature and classification of these veins. This review could offer a better understanding of the coronary sinus and its tributary veins distribution, dimensions and relationship with nearby structures that could help the development of new ablation and pacing tools and strategies, with higher success rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoroscopy-free Transcatheter Atrial Septal Defect Closure: A Simplified Approach.","authors":"Naychi Lwin, Piia Suursalmi, Sophia Yong, Saleha Kabir, Matthew I Jones, Alexandra Savis, Shakeel A Qureshi, Eric Rosenthal","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02177-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-024-02177-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To provide an overview of fluoroscopy-free transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) closure and introduce a simplified approach that avoids pulmonary vein instrumentation.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Since the first reported fluoroscopy-free ASD closure 24 years ago, only a few small series have described this technique. We present a simplified and less cumbersome approach to encourage wider adoption of the fluoroscopy-free method to suitable ASD anatomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fluoroscopy free ASD closure was performed in 9 patients using the conventional technique (Group 1) and 23 patients using our simplified approach of direct placement of the device into the defect (Group 2). Median age and weight were 28 years, 53 kg in Group 1 (range: 5-52 years, 22-88 kg) and 36 years, 66 kg in Group 2 (range: 4-76 years, 16-115 kg). Devices were successfully implanted in all patients, with a median device size of 21 mm (Group 1: 9-36 mm, Group 2: 10-33 mm). Procedural time was 47 min for Group 1 and 35 min for Group 2 (p = 0.09). Length of hospital stay was similar in both groups. There were no acute or long-term complications and no need for reintervention. Transcatheter ASD closure without the use of fluoroscopy using the simplified approach is safe and effective, offers a shorter procedure duration and minimises instrumentation within the left atrium and pulmonary veins. Patient selection is key and with greater experience, this procedure may be applicable to a wider selection of ASD anatomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-Care Ultrasonography in the Critical Care Unit: An Update.","authors":"Keith Guevarra, Yonatan Greenstein","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02187-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-024-02187-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This article outlines updates in point of care ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Improving diagnostic accuracy and image quality is continuing to evolve in Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS). This include incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and use of other modalities such as Doppler in lung ultrasonography. Transesophageal echocardiography is an emerging option when imaging is difficult to obtain via transthoracic echocardiography. POCUS is becoming instrumental when used during cardiac arrest. Ultrasound (VExUS) Grading System is a promising measurement to assess a patient's volume status. Given the multiple advantages of POCUS usage, competency in POCUS became a requirement of Critical Care fellowship training. POCUS is an important diagnostic modality and guide to medical management. New technological advances such as AI, can serve as a guide to enhance image quality and help accurately obtain quantitative assessments. POCUS has a major role during cardiac arrest and advanced cardiac life support. The clinical utility of POCUS was further substantiated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires critical care programs to include competency in POCUS as part of their training.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life's Essential 8 and Cardiovascular Disease in Breast Cancer Survivors.","authors":"Kamari C Ositelu, Tejasvi Peesay, Carol Garcia, Nausheen Akhter","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02216-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02216-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To explore the role of optimal cardiovascular health as defined by the Life's Essential 8 in breast cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Optimal cardiovascular health may be associated with decreased cancer mortality. Breast cancer survivors may derive additional benefit from obtaining ideal cardiovascular health as defined by the Life's Essential 8. Certain components of the Life's Essential 8 may impact cardiovascular risk but also cancer mortality, and risk for cancer therapy related cardiac dysfunction. Continued physical activity, avoidance of smoking, and control of lipids and blood pressure are beneficial in breast cancer survivors. More study is needed to define the role of anti-hyperglycemic agents, BMI, and sleep on CVD risk in breast cancer survivors. The Life's Essential 8 can be a tool to inform clinicians regarding a breast cancer survivor's disease risk and to identify potential areas of improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Mechanisms to Management: Tackling In-Stent Restenosis in the Drug-Eluting Stent Era.","authors":"Luigi Spadafora, Rossella Quarta, Giovanni Martino, Letizia Romano, Francesco Greco, Antonio Curcio, Tommaso Gori, Carmen Spaccarotella, Ciro Indolfi, Alberto Polimeni","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02193-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02193-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Drug-eluting stent (DES) technology has greatly enhanced the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The aim of the present paper is to provide a comprehensive review of in-stent restenosis (ISR), focusing on the contemporary DES era, including its incidence, mechanisms, and imaging characterization.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Despite the widespread use of DES and numerous improvements, recent clinical data indicate that ISR still occurs in 5-10% of PCI procedures, posing a considerable public health issue. The incidence, morphology, and clinical implications of ISR are determined by a complex interplay of several factors: the patient, stent, procedure, and vessel and lesion-related factors. Advancements in intracoronary imaging have provided greater insight into its patterns and underlying causes. Over time, treatment strategies have evolved, and current guidelines recommend an individualized approach using intracoronary imaging to characterize ISR's underlying substrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11814036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration and Potential Applications of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography in Cardio-Oncology.","authors":"Muhammed Ibrahim Erbay, Venkat Sanjay Manubolu, Ashley F Stein-Merlob, Maros Ferencik, Mamas A Mamas, Juan Lopez-Mattei, Lauren A Baldassarre, Matthew J Budoff, Eric H Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02206-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02206-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Cardiovascular computed tomography (CCT) is a versatile, readily available, and non-invasive imaging tool with high-resolution capabilities in many cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Our review explains the increased risk of CVD among patients with cancer due to chemoradiotherapies, shared risk factors and cancer itself and explores the expanding role of CCT in the detection, surveillance, and management of numerous CVD among these patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent research has highlighted the versatility and enhanced resolution capabilities of CCT in assessing a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. Early detection of cardiac changes and monitoring of disease progression in asymptomatic patients with cancer may lessen the severity of CVD. It offers an essential means to assess for coronary artery disease when patients are either unable to safely undergo stress testing for ischemia evaluation or at risk of complications from invasive coronary angiography. Furthermore, CCT extends its utility to valvular diseases, cardiomyopathies, pericardial diseases, cardiac masses, and radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases, allowing for a comprehensive, noninvasive assessment of the entire spectrum of cancer treatment associated CVD. Looking to the future, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms holds potential for automated image interpretation, improved precision and earlier detection of subclinical cardiac deterioration, allowing opportunities for earlier intervention and disease prevention. CCT is a useful imaging modality for assessing the myriad cardiovascular manifestations of diseases such as coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, pericardial disesaes, cardiac masses and radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases. CCT has several advantages. Readily available non-cardiac chest CT scans of patients with cancer may help with improved cardiovascular care, enhanced ASCVD risk stratification and toxicity surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11814013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring in the Context of Widespread Lipoprotein(a) Testing: Clinical Considerations and Implications for Lipid-Lowering Therapies.","authors":"Srikanth Palanisamy, Semenawit Burka, Michael J Blaha","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02210-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02210-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review evaluates the interplay between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and coronary artery calcium (CAC) for risk prediction and preventive therapy selection, with a special emphasis on scenarios where these measures are discordant, particularly in otherwise intermediate-risk, primary prevention patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Observational studies and meta-analyses indicate a nuanced relationship between elevated Lp(a) levels and CAC burden and progression. Elevated Lp(a) is associated with an increased risk of CAC presence and progression; although, there is notable variability across studies. CAC predicts a similarly elevated risk in patients with low and high Lp(a). Joint elevation of Lp(a) and CAC is associated with a very high-risk patient subset. Elevated Lp(a) should prompt consideration of CAC testing for further risk stratification. In the future, we anticipate that an elevated CAC score could prompt consideration of testing for Lp(a) in select patients, as identifying or confirming elevated Lp(a) may help guide the use of dedicated Lp(a)-lowering therapies in very high-risk primary prevention populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch: Current State of Evidence.","authors":"Carlos Giuliani, Antonela Zanuttini, Sébastien Hecht, Julien Ternacle, Philippe Pibarot","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02212-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02212-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) remains a significant concern in valve intervention. This review highlights the current evidence surrounding PPM, compares its impact after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), and addresses ongoing debates in the literature regarding valve selection, procedural strategies, and future approaches to improve patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent evidence highlights that moderate to severe PPM is associated with increased mortality and adverse cardiac events, particularly in younger, active patients and those with smaller aortic annuli. Studies have emphasized the role of optimized prosthesis sizing, advanced imaging modalities, and next-generation valve technologies in mitigating PPM. Additionally, TAVI appears to outperform surgical approaches in reducing severe PPM, particularly in high-risk populations. Despite significant progress, PPM remains a persistent challenge in valve intervention procedures, particularly among patients with smaller aortic annuli and those at risk for suboptimal hemodynamic performance. Addressing this issue requires continued innovation in prosthesis design, including valves with improved hemodynamic profiles and more sizing options. Long-term research is essential to better understand the clinical impact of PPM, evaluate valve durability across various types, and develop strategies to prevent its occurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red Meat Consumption and Hypertension: An Updated Review.","authors":"Tara S Allen, Michael Najem, Alexis C Wood, Danielle J Lee, Lorena S Pacheco, Lori B Daniels, Matthew A Allison","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02201-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02201-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The global prevalence of HTN and related CVD mortality continues to rise. The development of HTN is influenced by genetic predisposition and modifiable risk factors, including diet. One area of ongoing debate is the relationship between red meat consumption and risk of HTN.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Processed red meat has become increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis and morbidity of HTN, though randomized control trials comparing HTN-related outcomes associated with red meat subtypes have yielded heterogenous results. This review summarizes the existing relevant literature and highlights the methodological challenges that complicate definitive conclusions, with a focus on processed versus unprocessed red meat consumption and HTN. It explores pathophysiologic mechanisms contributing to this relationship and reviews practical, evidence-based dietary guidelines that address red meat consumption to mitigate the risk of adverse HTN-related CVD outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11811473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}