Current Botany最新文献

{"title":"Usnea dasaea, a further new addition to the Lichen Flora of Tamil Nadu State, India","authors":"M. Mariraj, R. Kalidoss, K. Vinayaka, Sanjeeva Nayaka, P. Ponmurugan","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6168","url":null,"abstract":"The present study addresses the addition of one new fruticose lichen species for the first time to the state of Tamil Nadu in Western Ghats, India. Usnea dasaea Stirt. is a new occurrence in Tamil Nadu. Descriptions of identification keys and distributions of such new species in south India provide useful information for identification. The new species addition of such lichen was identified and deposited at lichen herbaria, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India and Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India for further studies.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76091209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Callus induction and axillary shoot formation in Asparagus racemosus Willd.","authors":"Neelofer Nabi, Seema Singh, Peer Saffeullah","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6036","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have been used invariably by humans since ages for food, medicines and various other day to day needs. However, increasing population and incessant human needs have put enormous pressure on these bio-resources and lead to their unprecedented depletion from nature. To address this problem, the tissue culture techniques have come to the rescue of depleting plants [1]. Plant tissue culture has been extensively used to boost the large scale micro-propagation of threatened medicinal plants [2]. This not only helps in large scale production of true-to-type plantlets but also helps to conserve rare and threatened plants.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89334656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report on phytoplankton communities of Barishal City, Bangladesh","authors":"S. Chakraborty, Dipalok Karmaker, Subroto K Das, Riyad Hossen","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6296","url":null,"abstract":"Phytoplanktons, also called microalgae, are microscopic photosynthetic living organisms that generally found in aquatic environments. Although they are considered as the most important primary producers and bioindicators of aquatic ecosystems, there was no previous report found for Barishal City about these tiny organisms. Consequently, the present study selected 10 freshwater reservoirs from the city to investigate phytoplankton communities and listed 110 taxa under 4 phyla, 7 classes, 18 orders, 24 families and 49 genera. The distribution of Chlorophytes was abundant relatively in terms of species number (45 taxa) followed by Euglenophytes, Chlorophytes and Cyanophytes in this area. Only Euglenaceae possessed one-third of the total species of this report. Among all stations, the highest number of taxa was recorded from station 2 and according to nine biodiversity indices, the station 2 and 9 showed comparatively good results. All of the recorded taxa were previously mentioned by different authors from Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87313954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, EDTA and sodium chloride on biomass and lipid accumulation of Chaetomorpha aerea","authors":"G. G. Satpati, R. Pal","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6223","url":null,"abstract":"Marine seaweeds or macroalgae are the excellent source of bioactive compounds like proteins, vitamins, carotenoids, dietary fibres and essential fatty acids. These essential fatty acids include both the saturated and unsaturated form. The lipid content of marine macroalgae is very low (1-5%) but under stress conditions they produce up to 30-40% [1]. The fatty acids of marine macroalgae generally have linear chains and even number of carbon atoms with one or more double bonds [2]. Macroalgae have been studied for long for the production of wide range of natural chemicals like agar, agarose, carrageenan and alginates. However, they have never been looked for lipids, as energy resource [1]. Microalgae have been considered for high lipid and used for biodiesel application several times [3-6]. Stress induced changes in lipid and fatty acids profile have also been discussed for long [7-11]. But very few reports are available on macroalgal lipid and fatty acids [12-14]. The effect of nitrate and phosphates on lipidomic and other biochemical compositions of the macroalga Ulva lactuca were studied by Kumari et al. [15]. They investigated the changes in polar lipids, chlorophyll and protein content when they cultured the alga in artificial sea nutrient (ASW) medium supplemented with nitrate and phosphate. Biochemical composition of eighteen marine macroalgae belonging to Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta were studied from Okha coast, Gulf of Kutch, India [16]. They studied varied quantities of bioactive compounds like total lipid, protein, carbohydrate, phenol and amino acids. Seasonal variations in fatty acid compositions of 51 macroalgae were studied from Gulf of Mannar, Marine Biosphere Reserve of Southeast coast of India [17]. Comparative accounts of fatty acid compositions of three marine macroalgae were also studied from the coastal region of South India [18]. In our previous study we have reported the effect of nutrient and other abiotic stresses on growth and lipid accumulation in Rhizoclonium africanum [13]. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, EDTA and sodium chloride on biomass and lipid accumulation of Chaetomorpha aerea","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74372725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parkia biglobosa (Nere)-A threatened useful tree species: Directory of sanitary constraints according to north-south climatic gradient in Mali","authors":"B. Kelly, A. Kouyaté","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6068","url":null,"abstract":"From the family of Leguminosae/Fabaceae, Parkia biglobosa is a forest tree species frequent in agroforestry parklands of the sudanian and sudano-guinean savannah. The species is present in up to 20 African countries from Senegal in the West to Uganda in the East [1]. It is a useful multi-purposes tree species in Sub-Saharan Africa [2], offering food, medicine, and income to rural population and contributing to fight poverty [3]. The main product of this species called “soumbala” or “dawadawa”, produced from fermented seeds, is a particularly appreciated and widely used spice in Africa, rich in proteins and containing lipids, essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, vitamins and mineral compounds [4, 5, 6].","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81374238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on genetic variability of Capsicum frutescens var. Cakra Hijau induced by ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) using SSR marker","authors":"Nur Rahmattullah, Ramya Khrisnamurty, K. Senthil, E. L. Arumingtyas","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6303","url":null,"abstract":"Pepper (Capsicum sp.) is an economically important crop belonging to the Solanaceae family. The genus Capsicum has five domesticated species (C. annuum, C. frutescens, C. chinense, C. pubescence, and C. baccatum) of which C. annuum and C. frutescens the two most widely cultivated species worldwide [1,2]. Besides, C. frutescens consists of many cultivars but Cakra Hijau is one of which has been popular to be planted in Indonesia by the high resistance of several pests, as well as air and insect-borne diseases [3]. However, the systematic position of that cultivar remains in doubt, and information available based on the previous statement is confined only in morphological and agronomic traits which leads to the C. frutescens belonging cultivar. In aftermath of lack of database, it may enable the plant breeders who intend to produce a distinct breed from two cultivars in one species yet prevention of gene flow among species may happen to offspring sterility [4].","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88960280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of trace elements Zn, B, Mg and Cu on the growth and sporulation of Pyricularia oryzae, the causal organism of blast disease of rice","authors":"Renubala Sharma, S. Shukla","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6161","url":null,"abstract":"Blast is one of the most common disease of the Rice crop caused by Pyricularia oryzae. Blast of Rice is a recurrent problem of Rice producing countries declines productivity drastically. Mycelium growth and sporulation of P. oryzae is depend upon many factors i.e. humidity, temperature, availability of nutrients etc. Like other fungi P. oryzae also requires some nutrients in very minute quantity for their physiological and metabolic activities. Regulating these micronutrients or trace elements we can control the growth and spore production in P. oryzae. In this paper, we studied effect of four trace elements i.e. Zinc (Zn), Boron (B), Magnesium (Mg) and Copper (Cu) on growth and sporulation of P. oryzae. Zinc, Boron and Copper are most effective and promote growth and sporulation at 2 ppm (parts per million) concentration when we increased concentration of these elements in the medium, growth and sporulation decreased .On the other hand less growth and sporulation reported in the absence of Magnesium. Minute quantity of Magnesium is required for optimum growth i.e. 2 ppm. after this increasing concentration of Magnesium is not significant.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74141867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lead induced changes in biomarkers and proteome map of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)","authors":"B. Malik, Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6182","url":null,"abstract":"Lead (Pb) toxicity is a serious environmental problem as it affects the food production by interfering plant growth and development, thus declines the production yield. In the present research work, Cichorium intybus L. plants were subjected to different concentrations of Pb (0, 100, 200 and 300μM) upto 46days to determine the oxidative stress. The length of root and shoot, accumulation of biomass were estimated along with the changes in biomarkers (H2O2 and TBARS). Further proteomic analysis of chicory leaves (46days old) at 300μM Pb concentration was done to identify the proteins of interest. The root growth increased significantly in a concentration-dependent manner however; shoot growth, biomass accumulation declined significantly with Pb stress compared to control. Changes in biomarkers (H2O2 and TBARS) content elevated with the increment in the concentration of metal treatment but exhibited a gradual decline at 300μM Pb treatment. Proteomics data of 46days old chicory plants under 300 μM Pb stress analyzed by PDQuest software detected approximately 168 protein spots on each gel and 81 spots were differentially expressed in which 16 were up-regulated and 13 were down-regulated. The present study suggested that chicory possess a strong antioxidative defense system to combat Pb stress and thus could be explored for cultivation in Pb contaminated soils.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72553202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress breeding of neglected tetraploid primitive wheat (Triticum dicoccum, Triticum carthlicum and Triticum polonicum)","authors":"Maysoun M. Saleh","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6100","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient wheats are progressively more considered as valuable resources for genes of interest especially in organic and health food markets which could be introduced into cultivated varieties. Better evaluation of primitive wheats that symbolize a valuable genetic resource may provide breeders with important sources for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccum) is one of the most ancient of cultivated cereals, makes good bread, higher in fiber than common wheat, emmer is used is for making pasta and bread, with no need at all to use pesticides during growing season, grow in severe environments and minor lands, resistance to Septroria leaf blotch and resistance to Russian wheat aphid and Green bug. Persian wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. carthlicum) described with many favorable characters, like being a good resistant species to stem rust and powdery mildew, plants have more tillers with good productivity, low temperature tolerant and pre-harvest budding and fairly resistant to fungus diseases. Polish wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. polonicum) were used for bread making as many forms having grains with high protein content (27%), and it is a great source for high yielding wheat varieties characterized by plump grain, and could be used in genetic bio-fortification of durum wheat and common wheat. Lack of scientific researches and facilities to produce and marketing, in addition to concentrating on new varieties are considered as limitation factors of expanding these species. For better adaptation to climate change and for future food security, it is highly recommended to improve utilization and sustainable use of targeted species and cooperation between scientists and researcher on the national and international levels. This review is an attempt to highlight the value of targeted species with general information about classification, origin and distribution, importance domestication, characterization and conservation, traditional breeding and role of each of molecular biology, tissue culture and mutation in exploiting genetic variation in targeted species.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80121958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichome diversity studies in selected species of Sida","authors":"G. Ashwathy, K. Krishnakumar","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6141","url":null,"abstract":"Sida (Family: Malvaceae) belongs to the genus of flowering plants that possess high medicinal value and is used traditionally in almost all parts of the world.  There were about 18 species reported from the state of Kerala (India). Among these, some are with taxonomic controversies. Hence micro-morphological characters of leaves such as trichomes can be used as a taxonomic tool for the identification of plants. Their type, presence, absence and distribution are important diagnostic characters in plant identification and plant taxonomy. Plant samples were collected from different localities of Kerala. Foliar epidermal studies were carried out in order to identify the diversity and distribution of trichomes in the selected species of Sida viz., S. acuta, S. alnifolia, S. beddomei, S. cordata, S. cordifolia, S. fryxelli, S. ravii, S. rhombifolia and S. rhomboidea. Six types of trichomes were identified; they were stellate, conical, forked, capitate (short stalked), uniseriate multicellular and peltate. Stellate trichomes were observed in all the species. Conical trichomes were observed in S. beddomei, S cordata and S. fryxelli. Forked trichome was observed in S. acuta, S. cordata, S. cordifolia, S. ravii, S. rhombifolia and S. rhomboidea. Capitate (short stalked) trichomes were observed in S. acuta, S. alnifolia, S. rhombifolia and S. rhomboidea. Uniseriate multicellular trichomes were observed in S. cordifolia, S. fryxelli and S. ravii. Peltate trichomes are observed in all species except S. beddomei, S. cordifolia and S. fryxelli. However, these species could be easily distinguished by their conical trichomes. A bracketed dichotomous key was prepared for the identification of the species considered for the study.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88209633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}