Current Botany最新文献

{"title":"Use of medicinal plants in traditional health care practices: A case study in Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda District, Punjab (India)","authors":"K. Kaur, Amandeep Kaur, S. Thakur","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6174","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive study was conducted to document the available medicinal plants and their traditional applications among the local people from July 2018 to June 2019 in Talwandi Sabo town of Bathinda District of Punjab. Purposive sampling method was used to select traditional medicinal practitioners of the study area. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared and personal interviews were conducted to gather firsthand information about ethno-medicinal plants. Analysis of data revealed the use of 88 medicinal plant species belonging to 77 genera and 42 families for the treatment of about 60 ailments. The highest number of plants were used for gastrointestinal problems, skin problems followed by respiratory diseases, skeletomuscular diseases and dental problems. Traditional healers are still playing a great role in the primary health care system of Talwandi Sabo. Some practitioners were ensuring the 100% results of their formulations against many serious diseases. Further, the scientific validation of these formulations should be done for getting new alternative medicines against these diseases.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82502601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of anti-nematode potential through inhibition of egg hatching in plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne javanica","authors":"S. Shakya, B. C. Yadav","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6172","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-parasitic nematodes have emerged as nature’s most successful among all parasites known till today. These animals have been reported from all terrains of all ecosystems. Their capability to survive on a wide diversity of the host plants, circumvent host plant defence is a few of several of their secrets making them most successful of all known parasites. Among various groups of plant-parasitic nematodes, endo-parasitic nematodes are the most damaging one and also difficult to control. Meloidogyne sps. are commonly known as root-knot nematodes. Our inability to control them is primarily due to our poor understanding of the biology of these plant parasites. Due to the availability of the complete genome sequence of few Meloidogyne species, biotechnological interventions are used to unravel the secrets of their success. Chemical controls of these nematodes are extensively reported in the literature. Due to the environmental toxicity associated with these chemicals, and restrictions on the use of chemicals against nematodes led to screening and development of eco-friendly management strategies. The present study was conducted to screen nematotoxic properties of Neem (Azadirachta indica), Jatropha (Jatropha curcas), Kachnar (Bauhinia variegate), Bel (Aegle marmelos) and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globules) leaf extracts against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in vitro. The aqueous extracts were used against the hatching of the nematode eggs, movement of second stage juveniles (J2) and the viability of the J2 in increasing concentration of the bioactive compound. The eggs were treated with various concentrations of the selected extracts for different time periods ranging from 24h to 6 days. A significant inhibition of egg hatching and increase in the mortality of the nematode juvenile in few of the aqueous extracts were recorded. Reduced egg hatching and increased mortality of the nematode juveniles could be the indicators of the presence of anti-nematode potential in the selected plant leaves. The results from the study can pave the way for the development of eco-friendly management strategies for plant-parasitic nematodes.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90476280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Betelvine (Piper betle L.): A potential source for oral care","authors":"U. Chowdhury, P. Baruah","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6130","url":null,"abstract":"Piper betle L. (betelvine) is a valuable crop that is widely used as masticatory and with a long past history of varied traditional uses. Betelvine possesses numerous phytochemicals with important pharmacological attributes. Active molecules such as Fluoride, Eugenol, Hydroxylchavicol, Chlorogenic acid etc. present in betelvine with potent antibacterial, antifungal as well as anti-carcinogenic properties signify tremendous prospective of the plant for the formulation of natural product based drugs for maintaining hygiene and cure of diseases in the oral cavity.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91508037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global health concern of cyanotoxins in surface water and its various detection methods","authors":"M. Ramya, A. Umamaheswari, S. Elumalai","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6059","url":null,"abstract":"Water is an absolutely required resource for life, nourishment which now became a worldwide threat due to unenviable changes in an environment that are mainly instigated by human influence. The foremost progressions intensify the consequence, permitting the growth of cyanobacteria that is blue-green algae in surface water. CyanoHABs (Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms) occurred in its adopting nature according to the temperature fluctuations in the earth. In this study, a basic introduction to cyanotoxins as well as the entanglement of public health that includes the route of exposure, health effects, and the pervasive impact of cyanotoxins and alleviation efforts in the water bodies along with the toxicosis were appraised. Cyanobacterial toxins with the conditions like hepatotoxicosis (liver toxicity), neurotoxicosis (brain toxicity) and gastrointestinal disturbances, respiratory and allergic reactions were reviewed. Their detection process and the treatment techniques with various physicochemical methods and bioassay methods were also reviewed. The assorted techniques and their combinatorial detection methods that are adopted in this review will help us to eradicate the toxins from the surface water.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84046681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological variability and taxonomic affinity of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) clones from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"Rarastyan Arum Widaysary, R. Susandarini","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.5986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.5986","url":null,"abstract":"Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is native to the tropics and has been widely cultivated in South and Central America, Africa, Southeast Asia and some other tropical countries [1]. Between 2007 and 2011, Indonesia was ranked as the second top producers of cocoa beans in the world, after Côte d’Ivoire [2]. With the area of cultivation over 1.5 million hectares, cocoa bean is one of the important agricultural export products of Indonesia, and majority of its production was from smallholder farmers [3]. One of the largest cocoa production centers in Indonesia is Sulawesi Island, particularly in South Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90145307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floristic diversity and vegetation analysis of the community forests of South-West Haryana, India","authors":"H. Saharan, H. Dhiman, S. Jakhar","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6032","url":null,"abstract":"Haryana is a landlocked state in northwest India with a geographical area of 1.3% of the country. As the development is concerned, the state has well-developed agricultural as well as industrial sectors. However, the state has poor forest/tree cover compromising only about 3.62% of its total geographical area according to India State Forest Report, 2019. The area under forest and trees is an important indicator of its environmental condition. In the mid-1970s, worldwide research interest arose into the interrelation between people and trees which led to the establishment of the definitions of the term ‘community forestry [1,2]. Learning the significance of community forests, virtually all countries around the world are working in the field of community forestry [3].","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77914435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scavenging and metal chelating potential of Carthamus tinctorius L. extracts","authors":"Rashmi Dehariya, Jagriti Chandrakar, S. Dubey, K. Ojha, A. Dixit","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6009","url":null,"abstract":"Carthamus tinctorius leaves were extracted with methanol and distilled water. The extracts were evaluated for their potential free radical scavenging capacity using four different in vitro methods (DPPH, metal chelation, radical removal and hydrogen peroxide scavenging methods). The total phenolic content obtained for aqueous (112. 2±1.708 GAE mg/g) and for methanolic extract (89.66±2.00 GAE mg/g). In DPPH IC50 values was found to be 176.66±2.08 and 278.33±1.52 and 310.33±1.52 for the ascorbic acid, aqueous and methanolic extract respectively. In superoxide radical scavenging IC50values are 381.27±1.43, 544.42±2 and 606.78±3.02 μg/ml for the ascorbic acid, aqueous and methanolic extract respectively. In the metal chelating activity, IC50 values are 385.94±3.00, 337±1 and 487±0.984 μg/ml for the EDTA, aqueous extract and methanolic extract respectively. In hydrogen peroxide scavenging IC50 values were 261±1, 278±3.52 and 370±1 μg/ml for the ascorbic acid, aqueous extract and methanolic leaf extract of Carthamus tinctorius respectively. The correlation suggests that phenolic compounds are responsible for the antioxidant activities of leaves.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74101179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of genetic variability between yellow vein mosaic disease resistant gamma-irradiated okra mutant and parent","authors":"S. Surendran, P. Udayan","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6114","url":null,"abstract":"Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench is a member of the Malvaceae family. It has been cultivated as one of the most important fruit vegetables in various tropical countries. In okra, the Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease (YVMD) is caused by more than ten different viruses and the widespread incidence of disease transmitted by the vector Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) has highly affected the successful cultivation and production of the crop. Mutation breeding using radiations is one of the promising methods to get disease resistant elite cultivars of various crops. In this study, attempts were made to evaluate the genetic variability of gamma-ray irradiated mutant of okra. Four ISSR primers generated 26 amplified fragments. Of the 26 fragments, the lowest number of fragments (5) was produced by the primer ISSR12. Between the parent (P) and mutant (M4; mutant from fourth-generation) varieties of okra, primer ISSR07, primer ISSR16 and primer ISSR21 produced two monomorphic bands and three polymorphic bands (60% polymorphism) whereas primer ISSR12 produced one monomorphic band and three polymorphic bands (75% polymorphism). The mean percentage of polymorphism generated by four primers was 63.75%. Although the level of polymorphism exhibited by different primers varied from intermediate (60%) to high (75%), all primers could distinguish parent and gamma-irradiated mutant varieties of okra.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90410840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tragia plukenetii Radcl.-Sm. (Euphorbiaceae): An Addition to Flora of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Renu Singh, S. Narain, Nahid Fatima","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.5723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.5723","url":null,"abstract":"Tragia plukenetii Radcl.-Sm. is reported as a new addition to the Flora of Allahabad District of Uttar Pradesh. A detailed description, up to date nomenclature and photographs are provided here to facilitate its easy and correct identification in the field.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73529504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular taxonomy of Indopiptadenia oudhensis (Brandis) Brenan (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae) - A threatened endemic monotypic genus","authors":"A. Dhakad, V. Pandey, Rahul Kumar, A. Thakur, A. Chandra, S. Barthwal","doi":"10.25081/cb.2020.v11.5977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.5977","url":null,"abstract":"Indopiptadenia oudhensis (Brandis) Brenan is a threatened and an endemic legume forest tree genus of tropical moist deciduous forest of lower foothills of Himalaya. As population status of the species is declining at alarming rate, molecular characterization and germplasm conservation is urgently needed. This is the first attempt to draw its phylogeny at molecular level and evolutionary closeness with other legumes. Among three barcode genes i.e rbcL, matK and ITS, only rbcLaF-rbcLaR gave satisfactory amplification and proved that rbcL is still working well than other barcode genes and justifies the evolutionary affinities with other legume species. Based on nucleotide homology, the species is closely related to Prosopis cineraria and demonstrated nucleotide variation at only one site (552; A>G). Based on rbcL gene sequences and phylogeny, its evolutionary linkages found similar to the species placed in subfamilies Mimosaoideae and Caesalpiniodeae. However, researchers working on legume phylogeny clearly mentioned that Indopiptadenia is a part of clade mimosoid of Caesalpinioideae based on morphology. Hence, Indopiptadenia oudhensis may be the connecting species between subfamilies Mimosaoideae and Caesalpiniodeae.","PeriodicalId":10828,"journal":{"name":"Current Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74219901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}