Current Nanoscience最新文献

{"title":"An Insight into Enhanced Roles of Plant and Microbial Nanobionics","authors":"T. Thirugnanasambandan, S. Gopinath","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230518123226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230518123226","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Plant nanobionics is an interdisciplinary field of science with the concepts of plant biology and nanotechnology applied. The field is in the developing stage with various applications, including photosynthesis enhancement, light-emitting plants, sensors, and energy harvesting from plant organelles. For instance, advanced nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes are inserted in plant tissues to achieve various functions. The photosynthesis process can be enhanced by improving light absorption using single-walled carbon nanotubes that are impregnated in the leaves of plants. Plants are able to emit light when various nanostructures are encapsulated inside. Plant fuel cells can be constructed by embedding nanomaterials in the plant organelles for energy generation. On the other hand, various sensing devices have been developed for agriculture using plant nanobionics, which detect pollutants, toxic chemicals, and soil moisture. These devices are expected to be superior to the conventional sensors used in agriculture. Apart from that, microorganisms can be used as catalysts for energy generation and wastewater treatment in microbial fuel cells. In this study, microbial nanobionics are discussed for the nanomaterials coated on the electrodes of a microbial fuel cell to improve electron transfer and biofilm formation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46440895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Development and Advancement in Quantum Dots in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Fields for the Delivery of Drugs","authors":"Pranjal Singh, Smita Singh, Kapil Sachan, Vikrant Verma, S. Garg","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230517111856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230517111856","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nanoscale semiconductors known as quantum dots (QDs) are essential for drug testing because they bridge the gap between nanotechnology and the testing of drugs. QDs are a valuable tool in theranostics and treatment because of their unique physicochemical features. Due to their photoluminescence and electronic properties, including broad and continuous absorption spectra, narrow emission spectra from visible to near-infrared wavelengths, and long-lasting and high brightness, they are suitable probe materials for use in (bio)sensing (immunological) platforms. Several studies use QDs due to their optical, magnetic, electrical, photochemical, and biological features that allow them to be employed in various scientific domains. When utilized in drug delivery systems, fluorescent markers, such as QDs, can track the metabolism of drugs in the human body. Many medicinal applications, such as disease diagnosis and medication research, can benefit from these fluorescent tests. In this review article, the application of QD in drug delivery and immunoassay sensing has been described in detail.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48934604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Trends in Application of Memristor in Neuromorphic Computing: A Review","authors":"Chandra Sekhar Dash, S. Panda, Chinmayee Dora","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230516151142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230516151142","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Recently memristors have emerged as a form of nonvolatile memory that is based on the principle of ion transport in solid electrolytes under the impact of an external electric field. It is perceived as one of the key elements to building next-generation computing systems owing to its peculiar resistive switching characteristics. The switching mechanism in a memristor is mainly governed by filamentary conduction. Further, it can be employed as a memory as well as a logic element, which makes it an ideal candidate for building innovative computer architecture. Moreover, it is capable of mimicking the characteristics of biological synapses, which makes it an ideal candidate for developing a Neuromorphic system. In this review to begin with the switching mechanism of the memristor, primarily focusing on filamentary conduction, is discussed. Few SPICE models of memristor are reviewed, and their critical comparison is performed, which are widely used to build computing systems. An in-depth study on the various crossbar memory architecture augmented with memristors is reviewed. Finally, the application of memristors in neuromorphic computing and hardware implementation of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) employing memristors is discussed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48503890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An extensive review of MR sensors with design and characteristic evaluation of Three-Layered TMR sensor","authors":"D. Subbulekshmi, S. Gayathri","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230511145554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230511145554","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The reliability and efficacy of sensor-based automated systems have improved due to the proliferation of electric vehicles, renewable sources, and integrated systems in power industries extensively. This has been accomplished by increasing the power density and decreasing the volume of the system.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Mathematical estimation and comparative analysis of the physical factors result in massive usage of operational matrices measured using sensors. Magnetic field sensors, used in industries and biomedical applications, have a high level of precision in the evaluation of measurements. In order to extract the measured parameters such as sensitivity, accuracy, operating cost, the linear range of operation, and power utilisation, these sensors adhere to the physical constraints during their nominal working conditions. The characteristics of the aforementioned sensors are enumerated in detail in this article.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This objective is highly focused on providing a comprehensive overview of classification and the properties of Hall-Effect, anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR), giant magnetoresistive (GMR), and tunnelling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensors. The dissertation on its properties concludes that TMR is more reliable and sensitive in variable operating conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The methods for selecting the sensors for an application are confined to voltage fluctuations and sensitivity. A three-layered TMR sensor with two magnetic layers and an insulator in between is proposed as a significant advancement compared to the literature. The micromagnetic simulation is carried out at room temperature for a three-layered TMR made up of neodymium alloy, magnesium oxide, and cobalt platinum alloy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Based on the studies executed, it is determined that TMR is more sensitive than both conventional and MR sensors. The proposed schematic claims that the higher free layer thickness offers maximum sensitivity with 77% negative magnetoresistance. The reduced coercivity of 1.9Oe is achieved in this combination at a specified temperature range.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46412101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor for Nanoscale Regime","authors":"V.K. Sharma, M. Maqbool","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230510101913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230510101913","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The need for high performance, small size, low delay, low power consumption, and long battery backup of portable systems is increasing with the advancement of technology. Many features of portable systems can be improved using scaling methods. In the scaling process, reducing the size of devices causes serious difficulties, including the short channel effect (SCE) and leakage current, which degenerates the characteristics of the systems.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this review paper, a trending carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) technology is discussed in detail. CNTFET can replace the conventional metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) technology to overcome the SCE problems in the nanoscale regime and also meet the requirements of portable systems.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The CNTFET is an extremely good nanoscale technology due to its one-dimension band structure, high transconductance, high electron mobility, superior control over channel formation, and better threshold voltage. This technology is used to construct high-performance and low-power circuits by replacing the MOSFET technology. CNTFET in comparison to MOSFET takes the carbon nanotube (CNT) as a channel region.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The value of threshold voltage in CNTFET changes with the diameter of CNT. The threshold voltage of the devices controls many parameters at the circuit-level design. Hence, the detailed operation and the characteristics of CNTFET devices are presented in this review paper. The existing CNTFET-based ternary full adder (TFA) circuits are also described in this review paper for the performance evaluation of different parameters.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000CNTFET technology is the possible solution for the SCE in the nanoscale regime and is capable to design efficient logic circuits. The circuits using the CNTFET technology can provide better performance and various advantages, including fast speed, small area, and low power consumption, in comparison to the MOSFET circuits. Thus, CNTFET technology is the best choice for circuit designs at the nanoscale.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41571675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nanostructure Morphology and Concentration on the Piezoelectric Performance of Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on PVDF-TrFE/Nano-ZnO Composite Thin Film","authors":"Yurong Liu, Xiaolong Zeng, Lin Zhu, Cong Wang, K. Geng, Ruohe Yao","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230510102306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230510102306","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The development of high-performance piezoelectric pressure sensors with outstanding sensitivity, good linearity, flexibility, durability, and biocompatibility is of great significance for smart robotics, human healthcare devices, smart sensors, and electronic skin. Thus, considerable progress has been achieved in enhancing the piezoelectric property of PVDF-TrFE-based composite pressure sensors by adding various ZnO nanostructures in PVDF-TrFE polymer acting as a nucleating agent and dielectric material. In this work, flexible pressure sensors with a sandwich structure based on PVDF-TrFE/nano-ZnO composite sensing film were fabricated using a simple spin-coating method and post-annealing process, while electrospinning and high-voltage polarization processes were not adopted.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE)/nano-ZnO composite films were prepared via spin coating to fabricate flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors. ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), tetrapod ZnO (T-ZnO) and ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) were used as nano-fillers for piezoelectric PVDF-TrFE, to enhance the beta-crystal ratio as well as the crystallinity of PVDF-TrFE. The structural and surface morphologies of the composite films were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Among three different types of ZnO nanostructures with a concentration range (0-7.5 wt%), the sensor with 0.75 wt% ZnO NRs nanofiller exhibits a maximum output voltage of 1.73 V under an external pressure of 3 N and a maximum sensitivity of 586.3 mV/N at the range of 0-3 N. Further, the sensor can generate a clear piezoelectric voltage under bending and twisting deformation as well as compression and tensile deformation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To summarize, the addition of different concentrations of nano-ZnO can remarkably improve the piezoelectric performance of the composite sensor, and ZnO NRs can achieve better piezoelectric properties of the sensor as compared to ZnO NPs and T-ZnO. In addition, the sensor with 0.75 wt% ZnO NRs as nanofiller has the highest piezoelectric response, which is about 2.4 times that of the pure PVDF-TrFE sensor. It is demonstrated that the sensor has great potential applications in wearable health monitoring systems and mechanical stress measurement electronics.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47937317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanophytomedicine Therapies for Oral Cancer","authors":"M. Thiruvengadam, Ramkumar Samynathan, Baskar Venkidasamy","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230508152245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230508152245","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42403061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Expansion of Silver and Gold Nanomaterials towards Cancer Theranostics: Development of Therapeutics","authors":"Pawan Gupta, Amit K. Mittal, Kritigya Mishra, Neha Handa, M. Paul","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230503144904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230503144904","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nanomaterial-based therapeutics is an emerging tool for the treatment of numerous types of cancer. Various types of polymeric, lipid and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) result in a wider series of applications in cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. The NPs properties are due to high surface area to volume ratio, surface plasmon resonance, absorption in the visible spectrum and light scattering. These unique characteristics of NPs arise due to their optical surface properties for conjugation/surface modification and smaller size. In cancer therapeutics, NPs based products are used as a biomarker for early detection/diagnosis of tumours, drug nano-conjugates for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumour-specific site, chemo-protective agents, etc.\u0000Furthermore, other advantages of NPs are biocompatibility, lesser toxicity, enhanced permeability and retention effect, higher stability, and specific targeting with a selective accumulation of nano drugs in the tissue of the tumour. The selective targeting of NPs to tumour tissue is possible by adding surface-active targeting agents i.e., antibodies. The selective transport of drug NPs conjugates to the cancer cells is increased and extravagated due to permeable vasculature from endothelial cells gap while failing the transport of drug NPs conjugates in normal cells. This review emphasizes metallic NPs, including silver NPs (AgNPs) and gold NPs (AuNPs), which are extensively reconnoitered in various applications in cellular targeting, imaging, drug delivery, DNA-NPs conjugates for biosensor/point of care devices development, photothermal/photodynamic therapy, protein-protein interaction, etc. In addition, this review discussed different synthetic methods of AgNPs and AuNPs and characterization methods. Furthermore, it highlighted the different properties and applications of AgNPs and AuNPs in cancer theranostics.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46526765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monocomponent biosorption of copper ions (II) onto nanocrystalline cellulose from coconut husk fibers","authors":"Marzieh Badiei, Masita Mohammad, Nur Athirah Binti Abdullah, Nilofar Asim, Zahira Yaakob, Mohd Amir Radli Othman","doi":"10.2174/1573413719666230502114208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573413719666230502114208","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) is one of the most suitable cellulose derivatives for the treatment of wastewater. Various agricultural wastes have been used for the extraction of NCC. Coconut wastes have been widely studied as potential adsorbents for the removal of pollutants, including dyes and heavy metals. METHODS: In this work, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was successfully isolated from coconut husk fibers through alkaline pretreatment accompanied by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Then, the ability of NCC to adsorb Cu2+ from aqueous solution in batch studies was investigated. RESULTS: Results indicated that the optimal hydrolysis parameters were achieved at 50° C for 45 min with 64% sulfuric acid to extract NCC as rod-like particles with diameters between 4-10 nm. The potential of NCC as a biosorbent to remove copper ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solution was investigated in terms of batch mode and maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 79.491 mg/g of Cu2+. The adsorption efficiency of Cu2+ions increased with an increase in the adsorbent dosage, decreased with an increase in the initial concentration of contaminant, and increased with the contact time. Under optimal conditions, adsorption kinetic followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the adsorption isotherm fitted most closely with the Langmuir model. CONCLUSION: According to a literature review, NCC from coconut husk fibers has not been used for the adsorption of heavy metals, mainly copper ions. This study shows that NCC from coconut husk fibers can be used as a low-cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135269376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the Editorial Board Member","authors":"Nelsón Durán","doi":"10.2174/157341371903230207104317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/157341371903230207104317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10827,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47442007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}